HubSpot, Inc.NYSE: HUBS

HubSpot Reports Q3 2026 Results

· Issued by HubSpot, Inc. via Business Wire

Key figures

  • Total revenue was $947.6 million, up 17% on an as-reported basis and in constant currency.
  • Professional services and other revenue was $17.3 million, down 3% on an as-reported basis.
  • GAAP operating income was $71.9 million, compared to $11.2 million.
  • Non-GAAP operating income was $214.2 million, up 33%.
  • GAAP operating margin was 7.6%, compared to 1.4%.

On 6ix: 6ix.com/news/hubspot-reports-q3-2026-results

CAMBRIDGE, Mass.--(BUSINESS WIRE)--HubSpot, Inc. (NYSE: HUBS), the agentic customer platform for scaling businesses, announced today its financial results for the third quarter ended September 30, 2026.

Financial Highlights*

Revenue

  • Total revenue was $947.6 million, up 17% on an as-reported basis and in constant currency.
    • Subscription revenue was $930.2 million, up 18% on an as-reported basis.
    • Professional services and other revenue was $17.3 million, down 3% on an as-reported basis.

Operating Income (Loss)

  • GAAP operating income was $71.9 million, compared to $11.2 million.
  • Non-GAAP operating income was $214.2 million, up 33%.
  • GAAP operating margin was 7.6%, compared to 1.4%.
  • Non-GAAP operating margin was 22.6%, compared to 19.9%.

Net Income (Loss)

  • GAAP net income was $83.0 million, or $1.68 per basic and $1.67 per diluted share, compared to $16.5 million, or $0.31 per basic and diluted share.
  • Non-GAAP net income was $188.9 million, or $3.82 per basic and $3.81 per diluted share, compared to $140.3 million, or $2.67 per basic and $2.66 per diluted share, up 35%, 43% and 43%, respectively.
  • Weighted average basic and diluted shares outstanding used for GAAP and non-GAAP net income per share were 49.5 million, compared to 52.5 million and 52.7 million, respectively.

Balance Sheet and Cash Flow

  • HubSpot’s cash and cash equivalents, short-term, and long-term investments balance was $1.3 billion as of September 30, 2026.
  • During the third quarter, HubSpot repurchased $237.2 million of its common stock.
  • During the third quarter, HubSpot generated $238.0 million in operating cash flow, compared with $187.4 million.
  • During the third quarter, HubSpot generated $242.7 million of cash from non-GAAP operating cash flow and $188.0 million of non-GAAP free cash flow, compared to $191.8 million of cash from non-GAAP operating cash flow and $146.9 million of non-GAAP free cash flow.

Additional Recent Business Highlights

  • Grew Customers to 311,704 as of September 30, 2026, up 12%.
  • Average Subscription Revenue Per Customer was $12,038 during the third quarter of 2026, up 4% on an as-reported basis.
  • Calculated billings were $924.9 million in the third quarter of 2026, up 15% on an as-reported basis and in constant currency.

“We are still in the early stages of a massive shift with AI, and we’re transforming HubSpot to lead in the Outcomes Era," said Yamini Rangan, Chief Executive Officer at HubSpot. “AI is fundamentally changing software, from tools that help people do work to agents that do the work and deliver outcomes. We're transforming our product, pricing, go-to-market, and how we operate to capture this opportunity, and we made meaningful progress across these areas this quarter.”

*All comparisons are to the comparable prior-year period, unless otherwise noted.

Business Outlook
Based on information available as of November 4, 2026, HubSpot is issuing guidance for the fourth quarter and full year of 2026 as indicated below.

Fourth Quarter 2026:

  • Total revenue is expected to be in the range of $945.0 million to $947.0 million, up 12% year over year on an as-reported basis and in constant currency.
  • Non-GAAP operating income is expected to be in the range of $216.0 million to $217.0 million, representing a 23% operating income margin.
  • Non-GAAP net income per common share is expected to be in the range of $3.85 to $3.87. This assumes approximately 48.9 million weighted average diluted shares outstanding.

Full Year 2026:

  • Total revenue is expected to be in the range of $3.685 billion to $3.687 billion, up 18% year over year on an as-reported basis and 16% in constant currency.
  • Non-GAAP operating income is expected to be in the range of $772.0 million to $773.0 million, representing a 21% operating income margin.
  • Non-GAAP net income per common share is expected to be in the range of $13.59 to $13.61. This assumes approximately 50.4 million weighted average diluted shares outstanding.

For Use of Non-GAAP Financial Measures
In our earnings press releases, conference calls, slide presentations, and webcasts, we may use or discuss non-GAAP financial measures, as defined by Regulation G. The GAAP financial measure most directly comparable to each non-GAAP financial measure used or discussed, and a reconciliation of the differences between each non-GAAP financial measure and the comparable GAAP financial measure, are included in this press release after the consolidated financial statements. Our earnings press releases containing such non-GAAP reconciliations can be found in the Investors section of our website ir.hubspot.com.

Conference Call Information
HubSpot will host a conference call on Wednesday, November 4, 2026 at 4:30 p.m. Eastern Time (ET) to discuss its third quarter 2026 financial results and its business outlook. To register for this conference call, please use this registration link or visit HubSpot's Investor Relations website at ir.hubspot.com.

An archived webcast of this conference call will also be available on HubSpot's Investor Relations website at ir.hubspot.com.

HubSpot has used, and intends to continue to use, the investor relations portion of its website and/or its social media channels, such as its LinkedIn account (www.linkedin.com/company/hubspot), as a means of disclosing material non-public information and for complying with disclosure obligations under Regulation FD.

About HubSpot
HubSpot is the agentic customer platform that helps businesses connect and grow better. HubSpot delivers seamless connection for customer-facing teams with a unified platform that includes AI-powered engagement hubs, a Smart CRM, and a connected ecosystem with over 2,000 App Marketplace integrations, a community network, and educational content. Learn more at www.hubspot.com.

Cautionary Language Concerning Forward-Looking Statements
This press release includes certain “forward-looking statements” within the meaning of the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995, including statements regarding management’s expectations of future financial and operational performance, including our ability to manage expenses, the timing and level of our investments, and our ability to achieve and sustain profitability, expected growth, foreign currency movement, and business outlook, including our financial guidance for the fourth fiscal quarter of and full year 2026 and our long-term financial framework; statements regarding our share repurchase programs; statements regarding our positioning for future growth and market leadership; statements regarding the strength of our agentic customer platform; statements regarding the growth or maintenance of our upmarket business; statements regarding the economic environment; statements regarding expected market trends, future priorities and related investments, and market opportunities, including the adoption, performance and impact of changes to our pricing, packaging and go-to-market strategies; and statements regarding the expected impact of current demand and pricing headwinds, including changes in customer buying behavior for AI solutions. These forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, plans, objectives, expectations and intentions and other statements contained in this press release that are not historical facts and statements identified by words such as “expects,” “anticipates,” “intends,” “plans,” “believes,” “seeks,” “estimates” or words of similar meaning. These forward-looking statements reflect our current views about our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects, which are based on the information currently available to us and on assumptions we have made. Although we believe that our plans, intentions, expectations, strategies and prospects as reflected in or suggested by those forward-looking statements are reasonable, we can give no assurance that the plans, intentions, expectations or strategies will be attained or achieved. Furthermore, actual results may differ materially from those described in the forward-looking statements and will be affected by a variety of risks and factors that are beyond our control including, without limitation, risks associated with our history of losses; our ability to retain existing customers and add new customers; the continued growth of the market for a customer platform; our ability to develop new products and technologies and differentiate our platform from competing products and technologies, including artificial intelligence and machine learning technologies; our ability to manage our growth effectively over the long-term to maintain our high level of service; our recent reduction in force, including the risks that the related charges may be greater than anticipated, that the restructuring efforts may not generate their intended benefits, or may cause operational disruptions; changes in our investment priorities, the timing of hiring and other expenses, and our ability to manage costs and achieve efficiencies; our ability to maintain and expand relationships with our solutions partners; the price volatility of our common stock; the impact of geopolitical conflicts, inflation, foreign currency movement, and macroeconomic instability on our business, the broader economy, our workforce and operations, the markets in which we and our partners and customers operate, and our ability to forecast our future financial performance, including variability in the intra-quarter linearity of our business; regulatory and legislative developments on the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning; and other risks set forth under the caption “Risk Factors” in our U.S Securities and Exchange Commission filings. We assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements contained in this document as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

Consolidated Balance Sheets

(in thousands)

September 30,

December 31,

2026

2025

Assets

Current assets:

Cash and cash equivalents

$

1,121,342

$

882,242

Short-term investments

175,414

821,552

Accounts receivable

365,538

419,146

Deferred commission expense

257,771

226,184

Prepaid expenses and other current assets

158,889

100,611

Total current assets

2,078,954

2,449,735

Long-term investments

13,747

136,662

Property and equipment, net

160,115

141,869

Capitalized software development costs, net

244,390

213,794

Right-of-use assets

178,819

200,821

Deferred commission expense, net of current portion

233,744

218,991

Other assets

195,463

165,602

Intangible assets, net

47,288

35,225

Goodwill

327,944

291,452

Total assets

$

3,480,464

$

3,854,151

Liabilities and stockholders’ equity

Current liabilities:

Accounts payable

$

40,934

$

24,764

Accrued compensation costs

124,559

99,195

Accrued commissions

124,637

132,003

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

192,763

166,861

Operating lease liabilities

36,537

39,703

Deferred revenue

1,034,580

1,004,945

Total current liabilities

1,554,010

1,467,471

Operating lease liabilities, net of current portion

187,499

222,602

Deferred revenue, net of current portion

5,480

8,495

Other long-term liabilities

105,888

89,339

Total liabilities

1,852,877

1,787,907

Stockholders’ equity:

Common stock

49

53

Treasury stock

7

2

Additional paid-in capital

2,223,432

2,814,843

Accumulated other comprehensive income

(866

)

5,244

Accumulated deficit

(595,035

)

(753,898

)

Total stockholders’ equity

1,627,587

2,066,244

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

$

3,480,464

$

3,854,151

 

Consolidated Statements of Operations

(in thousands, except per share data) 

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

Revenues:

Subscription

$

930,242

$

791,678

$

2,686,531

$

2,234,937

Professional services and other

17,323

17,840

53,770

49,583

Total revenue

947,565

809,518

2,740,301

2,284,520

Cost of revenues:

Subscription

149,979

117,025

424,661

323,925

Professional services and other

14,701

16,493

46,592

46,861

Total cost of revenues

164,680

133,518

471,253

370,786

Gross profit

782,885

676,000

2,269,048

1,913,734

Operating expenses:

Research and development

223,281

227,714

683,296

685,151

Sales and marketing

401,607

355,268

1,185,746

1,021,844

General and administrative

85,109

80,747

253,686

244,380

Restructuring

996

1,037

3,165

3,222

Total operating expenses

710,993

664,766

2,125,893

1,954,597

Income (loss) from operations

71,892

11,234

143,155

(40,863

)

Other income (expense)

Interest income

7,913

14,252

30,209

53,106

Interest expense

(423

)

(4

)

(1,064

)

(876

)

Other income (expense), net

10,825

(2,346

)

6,768

(3,560

)

Total other income

18,315

11,902

35,913

48,670

Income before income tax expense

90,207

23,136

179,068

7,807

Income tax expense

(7,236

)

(6,600

)

(20,205

)

(16,322

)

Net income (loss)

82,971

16,536

158,863

(8,515

)

Net income (loss) per share, basic

$

1.68

$

0.31

$

3.13

$

(0.16

)

Net income (loss) per share, diluted

$

1.67

$

0.31

$

3.12

$

(0.16

)

Weighted average common shares used in computing
basic net income (loss) per share:

49,472

52,507

50,833

52,454

Weighted average common shares used in computing
diluted net income (loss) per share

49,535

52,671

50,885

52,454

 

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

(in thousands)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

Operating Activities:

Net income (loss)

$

82,971

$

16,536

$

158,863

$

(8,515

)

Adjustments to reconcile net (loss) income to net cash and cash
equivalents provided by operating activities

Depreciation and amortization

46,178

35,702

130,813

97,726

Stock-based compensation

127,121

138,086

371,347

395,754

Gain on strategic investments

(10,604

)

(117

)

(11,173

)

(1,986

)

Impairment of strategic investments

393

2,075

3,408

3,675

(Benefit from) provision for deferred income taxes

1,801

(56

)

(51

)

(270

)

Amortization of debt discount and issuance costs

171

—

414

577

Accretion of bond discount

(399

)

(8,979

)

(10,720

)

(33,422

)

Unrealized currency translation

(406

)

942

2,184

(1,835

)

Changes in assets and liabilities

Accounts receivable

13,056

5,780

46,990

35,810

Prepaid expenses and other assets

(3,708

)

12,871

(61,557

)

(37,209

)

Deferred commission expense

(11,208

)

(23,563

)

(49,283

)

(73,153

)

Right-of-use assets

6,575

6,493

20,499

19,321

Accounts payable

14,487

11,010

18,031

20,131

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

7,639

1,741

40,303

61,617

Operating lease liabilities

(12,754

)

(8,645

)

(36,631

)

(26,301

)

Deferred revenue

(23,286

)

(2,521

)

36,170

61,367

Net cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities

238,027

187,355

659,607

513,287

Investing Activities:

Purchases of investments

—

(354,795

)

(358,691

)

(1,184,999

)

Maturities of investments

235,757

580,428

1,136,541

1,885,937

Purchases of property and equipment

(16,021

)

(10,345

)

(51,095

)

(39,715

)

Purchases of strategic investments

(3,650

)

(8,922

)

(17,582

)

(27,747

)

Purchases of intangible assets

(21,234

)

(23

)

(21,761

)

(279

)

Capitalization of software development costs

(38,702

)

(34,498

)

(112,994

)

(100,355

)

Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired

(8,736

)

(1,638

)

(36,185

)

(71,471

)

Net cash and cash equivalents provided by investing activities

147,414

170,207

538,233

461,371

Financing Activities:

Employee taxes paid related to the net share settlement of stock-based awards

(2,069

)

(4,364

)

(7,482

)

(18,176

)

Payment of debt issuance costs

—

—

(2,620

)

—

Repayment of 2025 Convertible Notes

—

—

—

(459,811

)

Proceeds related to the issuance of common stock under stock plans

10,561

24,053

33,799

62,717

Repurchases of common stock

(230,810

)

(360,269

)

(973,690

)

(485,273

)

Net cash and cash equivalents used in financing activities

(222,318

)

(340,580

)

(949,993

)

(900,543

)

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

(95

)

(3,826

)

(8,747

)

26,220

Net increase in cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash

163,028

13,156

239,100

100,335

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, beginning of period

961,017

603,899

884,945

516,720

Cash, cash equivalents and restricted cash, end of period

$

1,124,045

$

617,055

$

1,124,045

$

617,055

 

Reconciliation of non-GAAP operating income and operating margin

(in thousands, except percentages)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

GAAP operating income (loss)

$

71,892

$

11,234

$

143,155

$

(40,863

)

Stock-based compensation

127,121

138,086

371,347

395,754

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

4,179

3,107

10,457

9,027

Acquisition related expense

9,966

8,000

28,133

23,752

Restructuring charges

996

1,037

3,165

3,222

Non-GAAP operating income

$

214,154

$

161,464

$

556,257

$

390,892

GAAP operating margin

7.6

%

1.4

%

5.2

%

(1.8

%)

Non-GAAP operating margin

22.6

%

19.9

%

20.3

%

17.1

%

Reconciliation of non-GAAP net income

(in thousands, except per share amounts)

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

GAAP net income (loss)

$

82,971

$

16,536

$

158,863

$

(8,515

)

Stock-based compensation

127,121

138,086

371,347

395,754

Acquisition related expense

9,966

8,000

28,133

23,752

Amortization of acquired intangibles assets

4,179

3,107

10,457

9,027

Restructuring charges

996

1,037

3,165

3,222

Non-cash interest expense for amortization of debt issuance costs

—

—

—

577

(Gain on) impairment of strategic investments, net

(10,211

)

1,958

(7,765

)

1,689

Income tax effects of non-GAAP items

(26,103

)

(28,465

)

(67,456

)

(72,044

)

Non-GAAP net income

$

188,919

$

140,259

$

496,744

$

353,462

Non-GAAP net income per share:

Basic

$

3.82

$

2.67

$

9.77

$

6.74

Diluted

$

3.81

$

2.66

$

9.76

$

6.62

Shares used in non-GAAP per share calculations

Basic

49,472

52,507

50,833

52,454

Diluted

49,535

52,671

50,885

53,410

 

Reconciliation of non-GAAP expense and expense as a percentage of revenue

(in thousands, except percentages) 

Three Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

COS, Subs-
cription

COS, Prof. services & other

R&D

S&M

G&A

COS, Subs-
cription

COS, Prof. services & other

R&D

S&M

G&A

GAAP expense

$

149,979

$

14,701

$

223,281

$

401,607

$

85,109

$

117,025

$

16,493

$

227,714

$

355,268

$

80,747

Stock -based compensation

(11,155

)

(694

)

(59,142

)

(34,726

)

(21,404

)

(9,265

)

(1,133

)

(68,158

)

(36,539

)

(22,991

)

Amortization of acquired
intangible assets

(3,313

)

(200

)

(165

)

(501

)

—

(2,304

)

(200

)

(28

)

(470

)

(105

)

Acquisition related
expense

—

—

(6,026

)

(3,638

)

(302

)

—

—

(8,044

)

(128

)

172

Non-GAAP expense

$

135,511

$

13,807

$

157,948

$

362,742

$

63,403

$

105,456

$

15,160

$

151,484

$

318,131

$

57,823

GAAP expense as a
percentage of revenue

15.8

%

1.6

%

23.6

%

42.4

%

9.0

%

14.5

%

2.0

%

28.1

%

43.9

%

10.0

%

Non-GAAP expense as a
percentage of revenue

14.3

%

1.5

%

16.7

%

38.3

%

6.7

%

13.0

%

1.9

%

18.7

%

39.3

%

7.1

%

 

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

COS, Subs-
cription

COS, Prof. services & other

R&D

S&M

G&A

COS, Subs-
cription

COS, Prof. services & other

R&D

S&M

G&A

GAAP expense

$

424,661

$

46,592

$

683,296

$

1,185,746

$

253,686

$

323,925

$

46,861

$

685,151

$

1,021,844

$

244,380

Stock -based compensation

(33,333

)

(2,029

)

(173,633

)

(100,384

)

(61,968

)

(25,152

)

(3,113

)

(195,762

)

(104,731

)

(66,996

)

Amortization of acquired
intangible assets

(8,073

)

(600

)

(221

)

(1,458

)

(105

)

(6,740

)

(600

)

(38

)

(1,334

)

(315

)

Acquisition related
expense

—

—

(16,303

)

(8,447

)

(3,383

)

—

—

(22,524

)

(374

)

(854

)

Non-GAAP expense

$

383,255

$

43,963

$

493,139

$

1,075,457

$

188,230

$

292,033

$

43,148

$

466,827

$

915,405

$

176,215

GAAP expense as a
percentage of revenue

15.5

%

1.7

%

24.9

%

43.3

%

9.3

%

14.2

%

2.1

%

30.0

%

44.7

%

10.7

%

Non-GAAP expense as a
percentage of revenue

14.0

%

1.6

%

18.0

%

39.2

%

6.9

%

12.8

%

1.9

%

20.4

%

40.1

%

7.7

%

 

Reconciliation of non-GAAP subscription margin

(in thousands, except percentages)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

GAAP subscription margin

$

780,263

$

674,653

$

2,261,870

$

1,911,012

Stock-based compensation

11,155

9,265

33,333

25,152

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

3,313

2,304

8,073

6,740

Non-GAAP subscription margin

$

794,731

$

686,222

$

2,303,276

$

1,942,904

GAAP subscription margin percentage

83.9

%

85.2

%

84.2

%

85.5

%

Non-GAAP subscription margin percentage

85.4

%

86.7

%

85.7

%

86.9

%

 

Reconciliation of free cash flow

(in thousands)

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

GAAP net cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities

$

238,027

$

187,355

$

659,607

$

513,287

Purchases of property and equipment

(16,021

)

(10,345

)

(51,095

)

(39,715

)

Capitalization of software development costs

(38,702

)

(34,498

)

(112,994

)

(100,355

)

Payment of restructuring charges

4,646

4,425

14,039

12,278

Non-GAAP free cash flow

$

187,950

$

146,937

$

509,557

$

385,495

Supplemental disclosures:

Holdback payments to key employees related to acquisitions(1)

$

1,593

$

48

$

7,304

$

770

(1) Includes payments related to employee holdbacks pertaining to our acquisitions. The related expenses are recognized within operating expenses over the required service periods.
 

Reconciliation of operating cash flow

(in thousands)

 

Three Months Ended September 30,

Nine Months Ended September 30,

2026

2025

2026

2025

GAAP net cash and cash equivalents provided by operating activities

$

238,027

$

187,355

$

659,607

$

513,287

Payment of restructuring charges

4,646

4,425

14,039

12,278

Non-GAAP operating cash flow

$

242,673

$

191,780

$

673,646

$

525,565

Supplemental disclosures:

Holdback payments to key employees related to acquisitions(1)

$

1,593

$

48

$

7,304

$

770

(1) Includes payments related to employee holdbacks pertaining to our acquisitions. The related expenses are recognized within operating expenses over the required service periods.
 

Reconciliation of forecasted non-GAAP operating income

(in thousands, except percentages) 

Three Months Ended
December 31, 2026

Year Ended
December 31, 2026

GAAP operating income (loss) range

$8,716-($284)

$152,371-$143,371

Stock-based compensation

131,990

502,629

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

5,071

15,477

Acquisition related expense

9,410

37,544

Restructuring charges

60,813-70,813

63,979-73,979

Non-GAAP operating income range

$216,000-$217,000

$772,000-$773,000

Non-GAAP operating margin range

22.9%

20.9% - 21.0%

 

Reconciliation of forecasted non-GAAP net income and non-GAAP net income per share

(in thousands) 

Three Months Ended
December 31, 2026

Year Ended
December 31, 2026

GAAP net income range

$12,109-$4,609

$164,916-$157,416

Stock-based compensation

131,990

502,629

Amortization of acquired intangible assets

5,071

15,477

Acquisition related expense

9,410

37,544

Restructuring charges

60,813-70,813

63,979-73,979

Impairment of strategic investments, net

—

(7,765

)

Income tax effects of non-GAAP items

(31,093)-(32,593)

(91,780)-(93,280)

Non-GAAP net income range

$188,300-$189,300

$685,000-$686,000

GAAP net income per basic share

$0.25-$0.09

$3.28-$3.13

GAAP net income per diluted share

$0.25-$0.09

$3.27-$3.12

Non-GAAP net income per diluted share

$3.85-$3.87

$13.59-$13.61

Weighted average common shares used in computing GAAP
basic net income per share:

48,818

50,325

Weighted average common shares used in computing GAAP
and non-GAAP diluted net income per share:

48,897

50,394

HubSpot’s estimates of stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, interest expense for amortization of one-time upfront debt issuance costs, restructuring charges, and income tax effects of non-GAAP items assume, among other things, the occurrence of no additional acquisitions, changes in value of strategic investments, and no further revisions to stock-based compensation and related expenses.

Non-GAAP Financial Measures
We report our financial results in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP. However, management believes that, in order to properly understand our short-term and long-term financial and operational trends, investors may wish to consider the impact of certain non-cash or non-recurring items when used as a supplement to financial performance measures in accordance with GAAP. These items result from facts and circumstances that vary in frequency and impact on continuing operations. In this release, HubSpot’s non-GAAP operating income, operating margin, subscription margin, expense, expense as a percentage of revenue, net income, operating and free cash flow are not presented in accordance with GAAP and are not intended to be used in lieu of GAAP presentations of results of operations.

Calculated billings is defined as total revenue recognized in a period plus the sequential change in total deferred revenue in the corresponding period. Non-GAAP operating cash flow is defined as cash and cash equivalents provided by or used in operating activities plus payment of restructuring charges. Non-GAAP free cash flow is defined as cash and cash equivalents provided by or used in operating activities less purchases of property and equipment and capitalization of software development costs, plus payment of restructuring charges. Although non-GAAP operating cash flow and non-GAAP free cash flow are not residual cash flow available for our discretionary expenditures, we believe information regarding non-GAAP operating cash flow and non-GAAP free cash flow provide useful information to investors in understanding and evaluating the strength of our liquidity and provides a comparable framework for assessing how our business performed when compared to prior periods which were not impacted by restructuring charges paid from operating cash flow.

Constant currency amounts are presented to provide a framework for assessing our operating performance excluding the effect of foreign exchange rate fluctuations. To exclude the effect of foreign currency rate fluctuations, current period results for entities reporting in currencies other than U.S. Dollars (“USD”) are converted into USD at the average exchange rates for the comparative period rather than the actual average exchange rates in effect during the respective periods.

Management believes that these non-GAAP financial measures provide additional means of evaluating period-over-period operating performance. Specifically, these non-GAAP financial measures provide management with additional means to understand and evaluate the operating results and trends in our ongoing business by eliminating certain non-cash expenses and other items that management believes might otherwise make comparisons of our ongoing business with prior periods more difficult, obscure trends in ongoing operations, or reduce management’s ability to make useful forecasts. In addition, management understands that some investors and financial analysts find this information helpful in analyzing our financial and operational performance and comparing this performance to our peers and competitors. However, these non-GAAP financial measures have limitations as an analytical tool and are not intended to be an alternative to financial measures prepared in accordance with GAAP. In addition, it should be noted that these non-GAAP financial measures may be different from non-GAAP measures used by other companies. We intend to provide these non-GAAP financial measures as part of our future earnings discussions and, therefore, the inclusion of these non-GAAP financial measures will provide consistency in our financial reporting. Management may, however, utilize other measures to illustrate performance in the future. Investors are encouraged to review the reconciliation of these non-GAAP measures to their most directly comparable GAAP financial measures. A reconciliation of our non-GAAP financial measures to their most directly comparable GAAP measures has been provided in the financial statement tables included above in this press release.

These non-GAAP measures exclude stock-based compensation, amortization of acquired intangible assets, acquisition related expenses, disposition related income, interest expense for the amortization of one-time upfront debt issuance costs, gain or impairment losses on strategic investments, restructuring charges, and account for the income tax effects of the exclusion of these non-GAAP items. We believe investors may want to incorporate the effects of these items in order to compare our financial performance with that of other companies and between time periods:

  1. Stock-based compensation is a non-cash expense accounted for in accordance with FASB ASC Topic 718. We believe that the exclusion of stock-based compensation expense allows for financial results that are more indicative of our operational performance and provide for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies because stock-based compensation expense varies from period to period and company to company due to such things as differing valuation methodologies and changes in stock price.
  2. Expense for the amortization of acquired intangible assets is excluded from non-GAAP expense and income measures as HubSpot views amortization of these assets as arising from pre-acquisition activities determined at the time of an acquisition. While these intangible assets are evaluated for impairment regularly, amortization of the cost of purchased intangibles is a non-cash expense that is not typically affected by operations during any particular period. Valuation and subsequent amortization of intangible assets can also be inconsistent in amount and frequency because they can significantly vary based on the timing and size of acquisitions and the inherently subjective nature of the degree to which a purchase price is allocated to intangible assets. We believe that the exclusion of this amortization expense provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods, for which we have historically excluded amortization expense, and to our peer companies, which commonly exclude acquired intangible asset amortization. It is important to note that although we exclude amortization of acquired intangible assets from our non-GAAP expense and income measures, revenue generated from such intangibles is included within our non-GAAP income measures. The use of these intangible assets contributed to our revenues earned during the periods presented and will contribute to future periods as well.
  3. Acquisition related expenses, such as transaction costs, retention payments, and holdback payments, and disposition related income, such as proceeds from sale of assets, are transactions that are not necessarily reflective of our operational performance during a period. We believe that the exclusion of these expenses and income provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies, which commonly exclude these expenses and income. Payments for acquisition related expenses are included in our non-GAAP operating cash flow and free cash flow.
  4. In June 2020, we issued $460 million of convertible notes due in 2025 with a coupon interest rate of 0.375%. The issuance cost of the debt is amortized as interest expense over the remaining term of the debt. We believe the exclusion of this interest expense for one-time upfront issuance costs provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies. The Notes matured in June 2025, and no additional expense has been recognized thereafter.
  5. Strategic investments consist of non-controlling equity investments in privately held companies. The recognition of gains, impairment losses, or the proportionate share of net earnings can vary significantly across periods and we do not view them to be indicative of our fundamental operating activities and believe the exclusion provides for a useful comparison of our operating results to prior periods and to our peer companies.
  6. Restructuring charges are related to severance, employee related benefits, facilities and other costs associated with the restructuring plans implemented in January 2023 (the “2023 Restructuring Plan”) and October 2026 (the “2026 Restructuring Plan”). Restructuring charges fluctuate in amount and frequency and are not reflective of our core business operating results. The 2023 Restructuring Plan included the abandonment of facilities to consolidate our lease space and create higher density across our workspaces. We took the full restructuring charges during the year ended 2023. Through 2027, we expect to incur incremental restructuring charges of approximately $4-5 million for continuing costs for the abandoned facilities. We also expect to make cash payments of approximately $16 million in fixed rent payments for the abandoned facilities that will be made in monthly installments through 2027. In connection with the 2026 Restructuring Plan, we expect to incur charges of $65-75 million, the majority of which will be incurred in the fourth quarter of 2026. We plan on excluding the restructuring charges and cash payments from the 2023 Restructuring Plan and 2026 Restructuring Plan and the related 2023 Restructuring Plan restructuring cash rent payments from our non-GAAP earnings, operating cash flow, and free cash flow metrics. We believe exclusion of these charges and cash payments provides useful information to investors in understanding and evaluating the strength of earnings and liquidity and provides a comparable framework for assessing how our business performed when compared to prior periods which were not impacted by excluded restructuring charges paid from operating cash flow.
  7. The effects of income taxes on non-GAAP items reflect a fixed long-term projected tax rate of 15% to provide better consistency across reporting periods. In 2026, we updated our fixed long-term projected tax rate from 20% to 15% to reflect regulatory changes from the One Big Beautiful Bill that was signed into law on July 4, 2025. To determine this long-term non-GAAP tax rate, we exclude the impact of other non-GAAP adjustments and take into account other factors such as our current operating structure and existing tax positions in various jurisdictions. We will periodically reevaluate this tax rate, as necessary, for significant events such as relevant tax law changes and material changes in our forecasted geographic earnings mix. For a comparison of our prior-year non-GAAP results, as if we had adopted the 15% long-term projected tax rate in 2025, refer to our Form 8-K filed with the SEC on February 11, 2026.

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