Carsgen Therapeutics Holdings Ltd. · HKEX:2171
Carsgen Therapeutics — Investor Presentation (February 2026)
60 slides from Carsgen Therapeutics's investor presentation, February 2026
Slide 1: CARsgen Therapeutics
CARsgen Therapeutics (HKEX: 02171) February 2026 Making Cancer Curable
Slide 2: Disclaimer
Disclaimer THIS DOCUMENT IS FOR INFORMATIONAL PURPOSES ONLY AND IS NOT INTENDED TO BE, AND SHALL NOT BE CONSTRUED AS, AN OFFER, INDUCEMENT, INVITATION, SOLICITATION, COMMITMENT OR ADVERTISEMENT WITH RESPECT TO THE PURCHASE, SUBSCRIPTION OR SALE OF ANY SECURITY AND NO PART OF IT SHALL FORM THE BASIS
Slide 3: We Develop Innovative and Differentiated Cell Therapies to Make Cancer and Other Diseases Curable
We Develop Innovative and Differentiated Cell Therapies to Make Cancer and Other Diseases Curable 1 Marketed product: 1 CAR-T product at NDA stage: 2 CAR-T products at IND stage: • zevorcabtagene autoleucel • Satri-cel (targeting Claudin18.2) • CT011 (targeting GPC3) (zevor-cel, CT053) • CT071 (targ
Slide 4: Global Reach with Integrated R&D and Manufacturing Capabilities Complemented with Synergistic Partnership
Global Reach with Integrated R&D and Manufacturing Capabilities Complemented with Synergistic Partnership CGMP Facility Beijing Office Headquarter (Xuhui) Shanghai Headquarter, research, clinical development, GMP Durham Beijing commercial and clinical manufacturing facility Shanghai Durham, North Ca
Slide 5: Continuous Innovation and Technology Advancement to Tackle the Major Challenges with CAR-T therapies Since 2014
Continuous Innovation and Technology Advancement to Tackle the Major Challenges with CAR-T therapies Since 2014 Enabling Technologies Allogeneic CAR-T • THANK-uCAR®, THANK-u CycloCAR® Plus platforms （co-expression of IL-7 + CCL21） LADAR® (precise targeting) Autologous CAR-T • BCMA CAR-T (zevor-cel)
Slide 6: Advancing a Competitive Pipeline with Global Rights
Advancing a Competitive Pipeline with Global Rights Product BLA/ Target Indication Pre-clinical Phase I Phase II/III2 Candidate1 NDA R/R MM (4L+) LUMMICAR 1 (China) On Market Zevor-cel (CT053)3 BCMA R/R MM LUMMICAR 2 (US, Canada) G/GEJA (3L+) ST-01 (China) Autologous GC/PC ST-02 (US, Canada) PC (adj
Slide 7: Autologous CAR-T Against Hematologic Malignancies
Autologous CAR-T Against Hematologic Malignancies
Slide 8: Zevor-cel: Differentiated Fully-human BCMA CAR-T for R/R MM
Zevor-cel: Differentiated Fully-human BCMA CAR-T for R/R MM Zevor-cel Highlights China Pivotal Phase II (LUMMICAR-1) 1 N=102 Follow-up, median (range), Month 20.3 (0.4-27) • Optimized scFv ISS stage III, No. (%) 39 (38.2%) • Enhanced binding affinity High risk Cytogenetic, No. (%) 61 (59.8%) • High
Slide 9: Zevor-cel: Outstanding Efficacy and Manageable Safety
Zevor-cel: Outstanding Efficacy and Manageable Safety ISS-based subgroups Higher safety, lower incidence 100 93.7% 93.7% Long-term survival with deep response 89.7% 87.2% of SAE 80 77.8% 61.5% Response rate (%) 60 40 It has been reported that ISS-III and high risk ◆ In IIT, Phase I, and Phase II stu
Slide 10: Zevor-cel: Commercialization in China
Zevor-cel: Commercialization in China • Zevor-cel was approved by the NMPA in 2024 for the treatment of R/R MM. • Zevor-cel was included in China’s Commercial Health Insurance Innovative Drug Catalogue in 2025. • Exclusive commercialization partner in Chinese mainland: certification and regulatory f
Slide 11: Exploration on Solid Tumors Indications: Zevor-cel and Dispatch DV-10 Tumor-Specific Virus Combination Therapy
Exploration on Solid Tumors Indications: Zevor-cel and Dispatch DV-10 Tumor-Specific Virus Combination Therapy DV-10 zevor-cel • Zevor-cel in combination with DV-10 is to be investigated for the treatment of epithelial-derived solid tumors, which represent more than 90% of all solid tumor cases. • D
Slide 12: CT071: Differentiated GPRC5D CAR-T with CARcelerate Platform
CT071：Differentiated GPRC5D CAR-T with CARcelerate® Platform Product Clinical Development Status • Fully-human scFV generated by CARsgen • For relapsed R/R Multiple Myeloma or R/R Primary Plasma Cell Leukemia • Proprietary CARcelerate® platform • China investigator-initiated trial for R/R MM and Man
Slide 13: CT071 in R/R MM: Deep Response with Promising Safety Profile in China IIT
CT071 in R/R MM: Deep Response with Promising Safety Profile in China IIT 0.1×106 cells/kg 0.3×106 cells/kg All Patients (n=8) (n=9) (N=17) R-ISS Stage, No. (%) II 4 (50.0) 8 (88.9) 12 (70.6) III 4 (50.0) 0 4 (23.5) Extramedullary Disease, No. (%) 2 (25.0) 2 (22.2) 4 (23.5) High-risk Cytogenetics, N
Slide 14: CT071 in High-risk NDMM: Deep Response and Favorable Safety Profile in China IIT
CT071 in High-risk NDMM: Deep Response and Favorable Safety Profile in China IIT China investigator-initiated trial China investigator-initiated trial (N=10) (N=10) R2-ISS Stage, No. (%) ORR, No. (%) 10 (100) Ⅰ 1 (10) sCR, No. (%) 7 (70) VGPR, No. (%) 2 (20) II 2 (20) PR, No. (%) 1 (10) III 4 (40) M
Slide 15: Autologous CAR-T Against Solid Tumors
Autologous CAR-T Against Solid Tumors
Slide 16: Unmet Medical Needs in Solid Tumors, Including Gastric and Pancreatic Cancers
Unmet Medical Needs in Solid Tumors, Including Gastric and Pancreatic Cancers Incidence ~25.6K1 Incidence ~358.7K1 Gastric Resectable ~10.0K • • Resectable ~300.0K Cancer Mortality ~11.0K1 Mortality ~260.4K1 5-year survival rate of advanced GC is 5-20%; For advanced GC (3L+), ORR is 4.5%, mPFS < 2 m
Slide 17: CARsgen Proprietary Claudin18.2 IHC Test
CARsgen Proprietary Claudin18.2 IHC Test Claudin18.2 IHC test kit with high sensitivity Gastric Cancer Pancreatic Cancer Moderate / high (2+/3+, ≥40%) Moderate / high (2+/3+, ≥40%) Total positivity 67% Total positivity 53% 84% Low 73% Low 17% 20% *Claudin18.2 expression is also observed in other sol
Slide 18: Satri-cel (CT041): Global First-in-Class CAR-T for Claudin18.2-Positive Solid Tumors
Satri-cel (CT041): Global First-in-Class CAR-T for Claudin18.2- Positive Solid Tumors Product Designations Clinical Development Plan • Breakthrough Therapy (NMPA) • Optimized scFv1 • GC (3L+) confirmatory Phase II trial in ✓ High binding affinity • RMAT (FDA) China achieved positive results; NDA ✓ H
Slide 19: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II Results — Published in The Lancet, Orally Presented at 2025 ASCO
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II Results — Published in The Lancet, Orally Presented at 2025 ASCO 1. Qi C, et al. ASCO 2025. 2025 May; Oral presentation #4003 2. Qi C, et al. The Lancet (2025). DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(25)00860-8 Confidential Copyrights reserved by CARsgen 19
Slide 20: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Trial Design
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Trial Design An open-label, multicenter, randomized controlled trial conducted in China (CT041-ST-01). Study population n=104 Satri-cel Disease progression Bridging • 18-75 years of age Apheresis Lymphodepletion or intolerable toxicity, therapy (250 ×106 cells) etc.
Slide 21: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Patient Disposition
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Patient Disposition 266 patients were screened 110 excluded ITT population 156 randomly assigned (2:1) 104 assigned to satri-cel group 52 assigned to TPC group 48 received apheresis* 104 received apheresis 101 received bridging therapy 4 did not receive TPC 16 did n
Slide 22: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Baseline Characteristics
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Baseline Characteristics Satri-cel group TPC group Satri-cel group TPC group Characteristics Characteristics (n=104) (n=52) (n=104) (n=52) Age, median (IQR), years 53.5 (45.0, 60.0) 50.5 (43.0, 58.0) Claudin18.2 expression, n (%)† Sex, n (%) Medium expression 24 (23
Slide 23: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Primary Endpoint—PFS by IRC
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Primary Endpoint—PFS by IRCa Satri-cel demonstrated statistically significant PFS improvement Satri-cel TPC Events/patients 80/104 37/52 Median PFS, months 3.25 1.77 (95% CI) （2.86-4.53） (1.61-2.04) HR (95% CI) 0.366 (0.241-0.557) P value (one-sided) <0.0001 6-month
Slide 24: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Key Secondary Endpoint OS
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Key Secondary Endpoint OS Satri-cel demonstrated clinically meaningful OS benefit Satri-cel TPC Events/patients 70/104 35/52 Median OS, months 7.92 5.49 (95% CI) （5.78-10.02） (3.94-6.93) HR (95% CI) 0.693 (0.457-1.051) P value (one-sided) 0.0416 12-month OS rate: 35
Slide 25: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: PFS and OS in Treated Population
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: PFS and OS in Treated Population In treated population (mITT), PFS per IRC and OS were obviously longer in Satri-cel group vs TPC group PFS assessed by IRCa OS in mITT population Satri-cel TPC Satri-cel TPC Events/patients 68/88 35/48 Events/patients 58/88 32/48 Med
Slide 26: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Adjusting OS for Treatment Switching in TPC
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Adjusting OS for Treatment Switching in TPC The estimated mOS was 1.81-2.06 fold longer with satri-cel vs TPC by RPSFT model, providing a 53% and 63% reduction in risk of mortality in the ITT and mITT populations, respectively. OS (ITT) analyzed by RPSFT model OS (m
Slide 27: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Differences and Challenges in Efficacy Assessment
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Differences and Challenges in Efficacy Assessment It is particularly important to note that compared with single-arm trials, randomized controlled trials (RCTs) of autologous CAR-T products have differences and significant challenges in efficacy evaluation: • In sin
Slide 28: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Manageable Safety
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Manageable Safety Satri-cel group (n=88) TPC group (n=48) Safety, n (%) All grade Grade ≥3 All grade Grade ≥3 All treatment-emergent adverse events 88 (100%) 87 (98.9%) 44 (91.7%) 30 (62.5%) (TEAEs) TEAEs related to treatment (TRAEs) 88 (100%) 87 (98.9%) 44 (91.7%)
Slide 29: Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Conclusions
Satri-cel China Pivotal Phase II: Conclusions ✓ It is the world's first confirmatory randomized controlled trial (RCT) of a CAR-T cell therapy in solid tumors. It is also the first RCT in this field to demonstrate statistically superior efficacy on its primary endpoint. ✓ Satri-cel demonstrated stat
Slide 30: Satri-cel: Clinical Data from China and the US (Single-arm Study)
Satri-cel: Clinical Data from China and the US (Single-arm Study) China investigator-initiated Phase Ib in China Phase 1b in the US trial (NCT03874897)1,2 (NCT04581473)3 (NCT04404595)4 ASCO 2024, Nature Medicine ASCO 2022 ASCO GI 2024 Sample size, No. 51 G/GEJA* 14 G/GEJA 7 G/GEJA 12 PC Median follo
Slide 31: Satri-cel: Extension to GC/PC Earlier Line / Adjuvant Settings
Satri-cel: Extension to GC/PC Earlier Line / Adjuvant Settings Promising greater clinical value in earlier line / earlier disease stage and providing better chances of cure for a much broader patient population More Accessible Tumor Better Tolerability • Low disease burden & • Mild CRS aggressivenes
Slide 32: Satri-cel as GC 1L Consolidation Delivered 100% Response Rate
Satri-cel as GC 1L Consolidation Delivered 100% Response Rate BOR of Satri- No. Age/Gender BOR of 1st line TTR cel Satri-cel Efficacy Highlights 1 50/F SD PR W4 • ORR 100% in 4 patients with target lesions, 2 55/F PR PR W4 TTR (Time to Response) Week 4 • 1 NN patient remained stable beyond 15 months
Slide 33: Following Satri-cel Infusion, Two GC Patients Underwent Surgical Resection, and Remain in Long-term Survival
Following Satri-cel Infusion, Two GC Patients Underwent Surgical Resection, and Remain in Long-term Survival at the Latest Follow-up Case 1 Case 2 1L Treatment 1L Treatment • Regimen: POS regimen (6 cycles) + S-1/Paclitaxel/TNF • Regimen: SOX regimen (4 cycles) intraperitoneal perfusion (4 cycles) •
Slide 34: Satri-cel in Adjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer Leads to Significant Decline in CA19-9 Levels
Satri-cel in Adjuvant Therapy for Pancreatic Cancer Leads to Significant Decline in CA19-9 Levels As of April 11, 2025 (data cut-off date), 6 PC patients with median follow-up of 6.05 months: 9-month DFS mDFS, mOS rate from not reached surgery 83.3% • Significant decline in CA19-9 levels post infusi
Slide 35: Liver Cancer: The Third Leading Cause of Cancer Mortality Worldwide
Liver Cancer: The Third Leading Cause of Cancer Mortality Worldwide 2022 Liver Cancer Epidemiology in the US and China1 Incidence ~43.5K Incidence ~367.7K Mortality ~30.9K Mortality ~316.5K Liver Cancer 5-year survival rate Global2 US3 China4 Liver Cancer, all stages 18% 20% 12% 1. International Age
Slide 36: CT011: First-in-class CAR-T in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with PoC Clinical Results
CT011: First-in-class CAR-T in Hepatocellular Carcinoma with PoC Clinical Results GPC3: high expression and specificity CT011 Product • Overexpression in hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC), and is associated with poor disease prognosis ✓ an autologous GPC3 CAR-T product CARsgen’s GPC3 IHC test kit Clin
Slide 37: GPC3 CAR-T in Combination with Small Molecules Against HCC: First publication in Molecular Therapy
GPC3 CAR-T in Combination with Small Molecules Against HCC: First publication in Molecular Therapy As of Dec 2021 (last follow-up at publication) • CR status has been over 24 months and continues (Photo taken in Jun 2023) 1. Wu X, Mol Ther. 2019 Aug 7;27(8):1483-1494 Confidential Copyrights reserved
Slide 38: CAR-T in Combination with Local Therapy Against HCC: Cover Story in Cancer Communications
CAR-T in Combination with Local Therapy Against HCC: Cover Story in Cancer Communications; Both Patients Achieved Disease-free Survival around 9 Years • Case: a 54-year-old male Diagnosed with Ib- tumor free survival Multiple Metastasis; stage HCC. Liver GKRS (> 5 years) GKRS and 2* MWA resection of
Slide 39: Next-Gen CAR-T Development: Tackling Key Challenges in Solid Tumors
Next-Gen CAR-T Development: Tackling Key Challenges in Solid Tumors Next-gen Claudin18.2 CAR-T shows enhanced anti- Next-gen NKG2DL CAR-T shows robust anti-tumor tumor activity in GC models activity in HCC models Satri-cel-derived Armored CAR-T demonstrates Proprietary CAR-NKG2DL T cells achieve 100
Slide 40: Allogeneic CAR-T Platforms and Pipeline Products
Allogeneic CAR-T Platforms and Pipeline Products
Slide 41: Existing Efficacy Gap between Allogeneic CAR-T and Autologous CAR-T
Existing Efficacy Gap between Allogeneic CAR-T and Autologous CAR-T Allogeneic BCMA CAR-T Autologous BCMA CAR-T Treatment and outcomes ALLO-715 P-BCMA-ALLO12 cilta-cel 3.2 x108 cells, N=241 All Arm**: 0.25-6 x106 cells/kg, Arm C**:2 x106 cells/kg 0.5-1 x106 cells/kg, N=973 N=72 N=23 23 (including 2
Slide 42: Relatively Limited Expansion of Allogeneic CAR-T in Patients
Relatively Limited Expansion of Allogeneic CAR-T in Patients • In allogeneic CAR-T, donor T cells will be recognized and rapidly eliminated by the host immune system (HvGR), which impacts CAR-T cell survival and results in limited expansion. • Compared to autologous CAR-T, in vivo persistence of all
Slide 43: THANK-uCAR and the Optimized THANK-u Plus: Innovative Allogeneic CAR-T Platform Aimed to Address Immune Rejection
THANK-uCAR® and the Optimized THANK-u Plus : Innovative Allogeneic CAR-T Platform Aimed to Address Immune Rejection Target and Hinder the Attack of NK cells on HvGR is the major challenge faced by Allogeneic CAR-T Universal CAR-T cells (THANK-uCAR®) • Knocking out B2M can mitigate HvGR from host T c
Slide 44: Allogeneic CAR-T CT0590 Reports Outcomes from China IIT in R/R MM
Allogeneic CAR-T CT0590 Reports Outcomes from China IIT in R/R MM CT0590 is a BCMA-targeting allogeneic CAR-T deploying THANK-uCAR® technology. % Baseline Peak CAR # of Refractorine Patient ISS NKG2A Best overall DoR copy number prior ss to PI/ (Diagnosis) stage expression response (mo) (copies/µg l
Slide 45: CT0596: Allogeneic BCMA-Targeted CAR-T (THANK-u Plus)
CT0596: Allogeneic BCMA-Targeted CAR-T (THANK-u Plus ) THANK-u Plus Platform Clinical Development • THANK-u Plus exhibits significantly improved • CT0596 is under evaluation in an IIT for the expansion compared to THANK-uCAR® treatment of R/R MM or PCL: • THANK-u Plus demonstrates sustained ✓ As of
Slide 46: CT0596: Enhanced and Sustained Allogeneic CAR-T Expansion Across Different NKG2A Expression Levels
CT0596: Enhanced and Sustained Allogeneic CAR-T Expansion Across Different NKG2A Expression Levels NKG2A expression: High Medium Low • CT0590 (THANK-uCAR®): exhibits a decrease in expansion within 72 hours in NK cells with relatively low NKG2A expression. • CT0596 (THANK-u Plus ): ✓ In the presence
Slide 47: Patient Baseline Characteristics in IIT
Patient Baseline Characteristics in IIT Patients (N=8) Multiple Myeloma 8 (100%) • Lymphodepleting Regimen: Median Age 63.5 ➢ 6 patients received the full-dose Immunoglobulin Type at Initial Diagnosis, n (%) lymphodepletion regimen (i.e., fludarabine IgG 2 (25.0%) 30mg/m²/day and cyclophosphamide Ig
Slide 48: CT0596 Demonstrated a Manageable Safety Profile
CT0596 Demonstrated a Manageable Safety Profile N (%) • All 8 patients reported cytopenias. TEAEs 8（100.0） SAEs 2（25.0） • 4 patients experienced grade 1 cytokine release syndrome ≥Grade 3 AEs 8 (100) (CRS), with no grade 2 or higher CRS observed. Treatment-related TEAEs • The time to onset of CRS wa
Slide 49: CT0596 Induced Deep and Durable Responses
CT0596 Induced Deep and Durable Responses • As of August 31, 2025, all 8 infused patients were evaluable for efficacy, with a median follow-up time of 4.14 months (range: 0.9-7.9 months). ✓ 6 patients achieved a response of PR or better: 3 achieved CR/sCR (all in the full-dose lymphodepletion group)
Slide 50: CT0596 Treatment in Two Patients with R/R pPCL Resulting in sCR
CT0596 Treatment in Two Patients with R/R pPCL Resulting in sCR As of the data cutoff date (Oct 17, 2025), two patients with relapsed/refractory pPCL had been enrolled. pPCL-01 pPCL-02 Patient 62-year-old male, IgG-λ type 70-year-old male, κ light chain type ASCT + triple classes of drugs (PI, IMiD,
Slide 51: CT1190B: An Allogeneic CD19/CD20-Targeting CAR-T Cell Therapy (THANK-u Plus)
CT1190B: An Allogeneic CD19/CD20-Targeting CAR-T Cell Therapy (THANK-u Plus ) THANK-u Plus Platform Clinical Development Progress and Plans • THANK-u Plus demonstrates significantly enhanced expansion compared to THANK-uCAR® • An Investigator-Initiated Trial (IIT) of CT1190B • THANK-u Plus sustains
Slide 52: Enrollment of CT1190B IIT
Enrollment of CT1190B IIT Lymphodepletion Dose Exploration Phase: • A total of 14 patients have been enrolled: • 3 FL patients (Cell dose: 3.0 × 10⁸: 1 patient; 4.5 × 10⁸: 2 patients) ✓ 3 with Follicular Lymphoma (FL) • 2 DLBCL patients (Cell dose: 1.5 × 10⁸: 1 patient; 4.5 × 10⁸: 1 patient) ✓ 3 wit
Slide 53: CT1190B Demonstrated Efficacy and Safety
CT1190B Demonstrated Efficacy and Safety Data cut-off: October 17, 2025. The primary safety signals were CRS, cytopenias, and infections. No DLTs were observed, and no other adverse reactions such as ICANS or GvHD were reported. ➢ Lymphodepletion Regimen: Fludarabine 30 mg/m² × 3 days + Cyclophospha
Slide 54: Pharmacokinetics at the Recommended Dose
Pharmacokinetics at the Recommended Dose Mean or Median Cmax Product Indication （copies/ug） CT1190B NHL 114564.5 (RD) (allogeneic) ALL-501 LBCL 1688 (allogeneic) relma-cel LBCL 25214.5~29693.5 (autologous) Kymriah LBCL 5210.33~6450 (autologous) At the recommended dose (full-intensity lymphodepletion
Slide 55: Registration and Development Plan for CT0596 and CT1190B
Registration and Development Plan for CT0596 and CT1190B We are fully committed to advancing the registration clinical studies for CT0596 and CT1190B, aiming to bring the allogeneic CAR-T products to market as soon as possible. CT0596 • Potential Indications: R/R PCL, R/R MM • Planned initiation of
Slide 56: CD19/20 in vivo CAR-T
CD19/20 in vivo CAR-T & canscen
Slide 57: CARsgen's Proprietary Lentiviral-based CARvivo Platform Demonstrates Excellent T Cell Transduction and Targeting Specificity
CARsgen’s Proprietary lentiviral–based CARvivo platform demonstrates excellent T cell transduction and targeting specificity Confidential Copyrights reserved by CARsgen 57
Slide 58: CD19/CD20 Dual-targeted In Vivo CAR-T Cells Demonstrate Significant Inhibition of B-cell Lymphoma Xenografts in Mice Models
CD19/CD20 dual-targeted in vivo CAR-T cells demonstrate significant inhibition of B-cell lymphoma xenografts in mice models CV037-CD19/20 CV037-CD19/20 CV037-CD19/20 Benchmark LV- Vehicle high medium low CD19/20 medium Week 1 Week 2 Week 3 Week 4 Confidential Copyrights reserved by CARsgen 58
Slide 59: Experienced Senior Management Team
Experienced Senior Management Team Zonghai Li, MD, PhD Huamao Wang, PhD Hua Jiang, MD, PhD Co-founder, Chairman of Co-founder and Vice President, the Board, CEO, CSO COO Early Discovery Yi Luo, MD, PhD Andy (Peng) Zang, PhD Vice President, Clinical Vice President, Head of Sciences Business Developme
Slide 60: Making Cancer Curable
Making Cancer Curable oS cARSGEN
CARsgen Therapeutics — Investor Presentation (February 2026) on 6ix