Asseco South Eastern Europe S.a.GPW: ASE

Group ASEE – Consolidated Financial Statements (ye25 gasee consolidated financial statements en)

· Issued by Asseco South Eastern Europe S.A.
Consolidated Financial Statements of Asseco South Eastern Europe Group for the year ended 31 December 2025





Presence in

26 countries

Revenue generated

1,798.7 million 3,986

employees contributing to the achieved results

Net result for Parent Company Shareholders

PLN 198.3 million

Consolidated Financial Statements

of Asseco South Eastern Europe Group

For the year ended 31 December 2025

Financial Highlights 6

Consolidated Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income 7

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position 8

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity 10

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows 12

Explanatory Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements 13

  1. GENERAL INFORMATION 13

  2. BASIS FOR THE PREPARATION OF FINANCIAL STATEMENTS 14

    1. Basis for preparation 14

    2. Impact of the geopolitical and macroeconomic situation on the Group's business operations 14

    3. Compliance statement 14

    4. Functional currency, presentation currency and hyperinflation 15

    5. Professional judgement and estimates 15

    6. Accounting policies applied 15

    7. New standards and interpretations published but not in force yet 16

    8. Changes in the presentation methods applied 16

    9. Correction of errors 17

    10. Changes in the comparative data 17

    11. Accounting effects of Turkey's status as a hyperinflationary economy 19

  3. ORGANIZATION AND CHANGES IN THE STRUCTURE OF ASSECO SOUTH EASTERN EUROPE GROUP, INCLUDING THE ENTITIES SUBJECT TO CONSOLIDATION 24

  4. INFORMATION ON OPERATING SEGMENTS 28

  5. EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF PROFIT AND LOSS 31

    1. Structure of operating revenues 31

    2. Structure of operating costs 35

    3. Other operating income and expenses 39

    4. Financial income and expenses 39

    5. Income tax expense 41

    6. Earnings per share 43

    7. Information on dividends paid out 43

  6. EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF FINANCIAL POSITION 45

    1. Property, plant and equipment 45

    2. Intangible assets 47

    3. Right-of-use assets 49

    4. Goodwill 50

    5. Impairment tests 57

    6. Other financial assets 59

    7. Prepayments 61

    8. Receivables and contract assets 62

    9. Inventories 64

    10. Cash and cash equivalents 65

    11. Equity of the Parent Company 66

    12. Non-controlling interests 66

    13. Lease liabilities 67

    14. Bank loans and borrowings 69

    15. Other financial liabilities 70

    16. Trade payables, state budget liabilities, and other liabilities 71

    17. Contract liabilities 72

    18. Provisions 73

    19. Accruals and deferred income 74

    20. Related party transactions 75

  7. EXPLANATORY NOTES TO THE CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS 77

    1. Cash flows - operating activities 77

    2. Cash flows - investing activities 77

    3. Cash flows - financing activities 77

  8. EXPLANATORY NOTES ON OBJECTIVES AND PRINCIPLES OF FINANCIAL RISK MANAGEMENT 80

    1. Foreign currency risk 80

    2. Interest rate risk 81

    3. Credit risk 82

    4. Financial liquidity risk 82

    5. Items of income, expenses, gains and losses recognized in the statement of profit and loss in correspondence to balance sheet items 83

  9. OTHER EXPLANATORY NOTES 85

  1. Off-balance-sheet liabilities 85

  2. Seasonal and cyclical business 86

  3. Employment 86

  4. Remuneration of the entity authorized to audit financial statements 87

  5. Remuneration of the Management Board and Supervisory Board 87

  6. Capital management 88

  7. Climate and operations of ASEE Group 89

  8. Significant events after the reporting period 90

  9. Significant events related to prior years 90

Consolidated Financial Statements of Asseco South Eastern Europe Group for the year ended 31 December 2025

These consolidated financial statements have been approved for publication by the Management Board of Asseco South Eastern Europe S.A. on 25 February 2026.

Management Board:

Piotr Jeleński President of the Management Board

Miljan Mališ Member of the Management Board

Michał Nitka Member of the Management Board

Kostadin Slavkoski Member of the Management Board

‌Financial Highlights

Asseco South Eastern Europe Group

The following table presents the selected financial data of Asseco South Eastern Europe Group:

12 months

12 months

12 months

12 months

ended

31 December

2025

ended

31 December

2024

ended

31 December

2025

ended

31 December

2024

PLN'000

PLN'000

EUR'000

EUR'000

Sales revenues

1,798,665

1,708,184

424,494

396,864

Operating profit

251,608

226,750

59,381

52,681

Profit before tax

228,996

251,260

54,044

58,376

Net profit for the reporting period

180,276

204,686

42,546

47,555

Net profit attributable to Shareholders of the Parent

Company

198,254

199,223

46,789

46,286

Net cash flows from operating activities

316,647

203,864

74,730

47,364

Net cash flows from investing activities

(103,579)

(158,475)

(24,445)

(36,819)

Net cash flows from financing activities

(168,773)

(83,638)

(39,831)

(19,432)

Cash and cash equivalents at the end of the period 311,942 271,211 73,803 63,471

Basic earnings per ordinary share for the reporting period attributable to Shareholders of the Parent

3.82

3.84

0.90

0.89

Company (in PLN/EUR)

Diluted earnings per ordinary share for the reporting

period attributable to Shareholders of the Parent

Company (in PLN/EUR)

3.82

3.84

0.90

0.89

The selected financial data disclosed in these annual consolidated financial statements have been translated into EUR as follows:

  • Items relating to the consolidated statement of profit or loss and the consolidated statement of cash flows were translated using the exchange rate calculated as the arithmetic average of the average exchange rates published by the National Bank of Poland, effective on the last day of each month. This rates amounted to

    • in the period from 1 January 2025 to 31 December 2025: EUR 1 = PLN 4.2372

    • in the period from 1 January 2024 to 31 December 2024: EUR 1 = PLN 4.3042

  • The Group's cash and cash equivalents as at the end of the reporting period and the comparative period were translated using the average exchange rates published by the National Bank of Poland. These rates were as follows:

    • exchange rate effective on 31 December 2025: EUR 1 = PLN 4.2267

    • exchange rate effective on 31 December 2024: EUR 1 = PLN 4.2730

All amounts in this report are expressed in thousands of Polish zloty (PLN), unless stated otherwise.

‌Consolidated Statement of Profit and Loss and Other Comprehensive Income

STATEMENT OF PROFIT AND LOSS

12 months ended

31 December 2025

12 months ended

31 December 2024

(restated)

Note

PLN'000

PLN'000

Sales revenues

5.1

1,798,665

1,708,184

Cost of sales

5.2

(1,294,012)

(1,259,667)

Allowances for trade receivables

5.2

(17,046)

(6,449)

Gross profit on sales 487,607 442,068

Selling expenses

5.2

(123,879)

(112,111)

General and administrative expenses

5.2

(108,406)

(105,344)

Net profit on sales 255,322 224,613

Other operating income

5.3

2,780

3,610

Other operating expenses

5.3

(6,618)

(1,546)

Share of profits of associates and joint ventures

124

73

Operating profit 251,608 226,750

Financial income

5.4

174,269

89,731

Financial expenses

5.4

(190,894)

(65,221)

Impairment loss on financial instruments

(5,987)

-

Income tax expense

Asseco South Eastern Europe Group

(current and deferred tax expense) 5.5 (48,720) (46,574)

Net profit for the reporting period 180,276 204,686

Non-controlling interests

(17,978)

5,463

Basic consolidated earnings per share for the reporting period, 5.6

3.82

3.84

Diluted consolidated earnings per share for the reporting period,

5.6

attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company (in PLN)

3.82

3.84

Attributable to:

Shareholders of the Parent Company 198,254 199,223

attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company (in PLN)

OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

Net profit for the reporting period

180,276

204,686

Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss

(59,288)

(25,875)

Net gain/loss on valuation of financial assets

150

158

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

(59,438)

(26,033)

Itemsthatmaynotbereclassifiedsubsequentlytoprofitorloss - -

Actuarial gains/losses

-

-

Total other comprehensive income

(59,288)

(25,875)

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME attributable to:

120,988

178,811

Shareholders of the Parent Company

140,132

173,588

Non-controlling interests (19,144) 5,223

‌Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Asseco South Eastern Europe Group

31 December 2025 31 December 2024

ASSETS Note (restated)

PLN'000 PLN'000

Non-current assets

Property, plant and equipment

6.1

189,544

174,175

Intangible assets

6.2

61,476

90,278

Right-of-use assets

6.3

68,744

68,848

Investment property

-

436

Goodwill

6.4

904,836

1,021,959

Investments accounted for using the equity method

300

265

Other receivables

6.8

16,709

5,850

Deferred tax assets

5.5

14,255

11,711

Other financial assets

6.6

3,041

2,481

Prepayments

6.7

9,209

3,090

1,268,114 1,379,093

Current assets

Inventories

0

68,557

109,968

Prepayments

6.7

71,483

61,562

Trade receivables

6.8

346,496

291,469

Contract assets

6.8

77,383

87,249

Corporate income tax receivable

6.8

4,301

4,662

Receivables from the state and local budgets

6.8

4,795

15,841

Other receivables

6.8

96,333

71,917

Other non-financial assets

6,301

4,924

Other financial assets

6.6

919

4,079

Cash and cash equivalents

6.10

311,942

271,211

988,510 922,882

Assets held for sale

-

15,320

988,510 938,202

TOTAL ASSETS 2,256,624 2,317,295

Consolidated Statement of Financial Position Asseco South Eastern Europe Group

31 December 2025 31 December 2024

EQUITY AND LIABILITIES Note (restated)

PLN'000 PLN'000

Equity

(attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company)

Share capital

6.11

518,943

518,943

Share premium

6.11

38,826

38,826

Transactions with non-controlling interests

6.11

(66,105)

(164,855)

Other reserves

2,402

1,580

Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

(282,936)

(224,664)

Retained earnings

1,011,692

904,253

1,222,822

1,074,083

Non-controlling interests

6.12

7,783

8,424

Total equity

1,230,605

1,082,507

Non-current liabilities

Bank loans and borrowings

6.14

87,624

85,820

Lease liabilities

6.13

45,211

47,983

Other financial liabilities

6.15

97,400

394,195

Deferred tax liabilities

5.6

9,411

14,575

Provisions

6.18

11,570

10,608

Deferred income

6.19

435

1,045

Accrued expenses

6.19

771

423

Contract liabilities

6.17

14,305

8,541

Other liabilities

6.16

1,422

54

268,149 563,244

Current liabilities

Bank loans and borrowings

6.14

65,583

76,912

Lease liabilities

6.13

22,282

17,650

Other financial liabilities

6.15

116,943

46,849

Trade payables

6.16

165,253

195,073

Contract liabilities

6.17

141,245

127,737

Corporate income tax payable

6.16

17,629

9,601

Liabilities to the state and local budgets

6.16

53,692

45,151

Other liabilities

6.16

126,108

104,482

Provisions

6.18

4,438

3,086

Deferred income

6.19

679

660

Accrued expenses

6.19

44,018

40,206

757,870 667,407

Liabilities directly related to assets held for sale

-

4,137

757,870

671,544

TOTAL LIABILITIES

1,026,019

1,234,788

TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

2,256,624

2,317,295

‌Note

Share capital

PLN'000

Share premium

PLN'000

Transactions with non-controlling interests

PLN'000

Other reserves

PLN'000

Exchange

differences on translation of foreign operations

PLN'000

Retained earnings and current net profit

PLN'000

Equity

attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company

PLN'000

Non-controlling interests

PLN'000

Total equity

PLN'000

As at 1 January 2025

(restated)

518,943

38,826

(164,855)

1,580

(224,664)

904,253

1,074,083

8,424

1,082,507

Net profit for the reporting period

-

-

-

-

-

198,254

198,254

(17,978)

180,276

Other comprehensive income

for the reporting period

-

-

-

150

(58,272)

-

(58,122)

(1,166)

(59,288)

Total comprehensive income

for the reporting period

-

-

-

150

(58,272)

198,254

140,132

(19,144)

120,988

Share-based payment transactions

with employees

-

-

-

672

-

-

672

-

672

Obtaining control over subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

(33)

(33)

Transactions with non-controlling interests

(including contingent financial liabilities to 6.11

non-controlling shareholders (put options))

-

-

98,750

-

-

-

98,750

22,055

120,805

Dividend 5.7

-

-

-

-

-

(90,815)

(90,815)

(3,519)

(94,334)

As at 31 December 2025

518,943

38,826

(66,105)

2,402

(282,936)

1,011,692

1,222,822

7,783

1,230,605

Note

Share capital

PLN'000

Share premium

PLN'000

Transactions with non-controlling interests

PLN'000

Other reserves

PLN'000

Exchange

differences on translation of foreign operations

PLN'000

Retained earnings and current net profit

PLN'000

Equity

attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company

PLN'000

Non-controlling interests

PLN'000

Total equity

PLN'000

As at 1 January 2024

518,943

38,826

(34,877)

717

(198,871)

790,640

1,115,378

7,810

1,123,188

Net profit for the reporting period

-

-

-

-

-

199,223

199,223

5,463

204,686

Other comprehensive income

for the reporting period

-

-

-

158

(25,793)

-

(25,635)

(240)

(25,875)

Total comprehensive income

for the reporting period

-

-

-

158

(25,793)

199,223

173,588

5,223

178,811

Share-based payment transactions

with employees

-

-

-

705

-

16

721

13

734

Obtaining control over subsidiaries

-

-

-

-

-

-

-

15,093

15,093

Transactions with non-controlling interests

(including contingent financial liabilities to non-controlling shareholders (put options))

-

-

(129,978)

-

-

-

(129,978)

(15,629)

(145,607)

Dividend 5.7

-

-

-

-

-

(85,626)

(85,626)

(4,086)

(89,712)

As at 31 December 2024

(restated)

518,943

38,826

(164,855)

1,580

(224,664)

904,253

1,074,083

8,424

1,082,507



Net cash and cash equivalents as at 31 December6.10 269,593 239,318

‌Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows Asseco South Eastern Europe Group

12 months ended 12 months ended

Note 31 December 31 December

2025 2024

PLN'000 PLN'000

Cash flows - operating activities

Profit before tax

228,996

251,260

Total adjustments: 135,524 7,347

Depreciation and amortization

5.2

106,200

98,722

Changes in working capital

7.1

(10,963)

(71,031)

Interest income/expenses

8,381

8,872

Gain/loss on foreign exchange differences

1,826

169

Gain/loss on financial assets (valuation, disposal, etc.)

2,856

(293)

Gain/loss on sale of subsidiaries

6,939

-

Other financial income/expenses

26,077

24

Gain/loss on sale, disposal and impairment of property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, 9,248 2,742

and right-of-use assets

Share-based payment expenses

672

721

Impact of hyperinflation

(15,585)

(32,502)

Other adjustments to profit before tax

(127)

(77)

Cash provided by (used in) operating activities 364,520 258,607

Income tax paid

(47,873)

(54,743)

Net cash from operating activities 316,647 203,864

Cash flows - investing activities

Inflows

Proceeds from disposal of property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets

1,449

1,926

Proceeds from sale of shares in subsidiaries, net of cash and cash equivalents in subsidiaries sold

(1,767)

-

Proceeds from disposal/settlement of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss

-

217

Proceeds from disposal/settlement of financial assets carried at fair value through other

1,082

581

comprehensive income

Proceeds from disposal of investments in other debt securities carried at amortized cost

42

2,347

Loans collected

264

14,558

Interest received

50

36

Dividends received

90

71

Outflows

Acquisition of property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets (including R&D expenditures)

7.2

(80,027)

(93,230)

Expenditures on acquisition of subsidiaries and associates, net of cash and cash equivalents in

companies acquired

7.2 (22,680)

(80,944)

Expenditure on acquisition/settlement of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss

-

(1)

Expenditure on acquisition/settlement of financial assets carried at fair value through other

comprehensive income

(1,285)

(1,255)

Expenditure on acquisition/settlement of financial assets carried at amortized cost

(19)

(2,037)

Loans granted

(778)

(744)

Net cash from investing activities (103,579) (158,475)

Cash flows - financing activities

Inflows

Proceeds from non-controlling shareholders due to issuance of shares in subsidiaries

-

1,011

Proceeds from bank loans and borrowings

7.3

33,478

110,484

Grants received for the purchase of property, plant and equipment and/or development projects

93

-

Proceeds from sale of shares in subsidiaries to non-controlling shareholders

1,030

2,169

Outflows

Repayments of bank loans and borrowings

7.3

(50,664)

(59,785)

Repayments of lease liabilities

7.3

(22,180)

(21,677)

Interest paid

7.3

(8,435)

(9,280)

Acquisition of non-controlling interests

7.3

(24,310)

(9,899)

Dividends paid out by the Parent Company

7.3

(90,815)

(85,626)

Dividends paid out to non-controlling shareholders

7.3

(6,970)

(11,035)

Net cash from financing activities

(168,773)

(83,638)

Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents

44,295

(38,249)

Net foreign exchange differences

(14,020)

(7,730)

Net cash and cash equivalents as at 1 January

239,318

285,297

‌Explanatory Notes to the Consolidated Financial Statements

  1. ‌General information

    Asseco South Eastern Europe Group ("ASEE Group", "Group", "ASEE") is a group of companies, the Parent Company of which is Asseco South Eastern Europe S.A. ("Parent Company", "ASEE S.A.", "Company", "Issuer") seated at 14 Olchowa St., Rzeszów, Poland.

    General information on the Parent Company

    Name Asseco South Eastern Europe S.A.

    Registered seat 14 Olchowa St., 35-322 Rzeszów, Poland

    National Court Register number 0000284571

    Statistical ID number (REGON) 180248803

    Tax Identification Number (NIP) 813-351-36-07

    Core business activity Activities of holding companies, IT activities

    The Parent Company, Asseco South Eastern Europe S.A., with its registered office in Rzeszów, was established on 10 April 2007 as a joint-stock company under the name Asseco Adria S.A. On 11 July 2007, the Company was entered into the XII Commercial Division of the National Court Register maintained by the District Court in Rzeszów under registration number 0000284571. The Parent Company was assigned the statistical number REGON 180248803. On 11 February 2008, the change of the Parent Company's name from Asseco Adria Spółka Akcyjna to Asseco South Eastern Europe Spółka Akcyjna was registered.

    Since 28 October 2009, the Company's shares have been listed on the main market of the Warsaw Stock

    Exchange.

    ASEE S.A. is the Parent Company of the Asseco South Eastern Europe Group. The Parent Company may operate within the territory of the Republic of Poland as well as abroad. The duration of the Parent Company its subsidiaries is indefinite.

    The Group provides comprehensive solutions and proprietary software necessary for banking operations, as well as advanced payment solutions enabling the development of the payments market in the region. It also delivers integration and implementation services for IT systems and hardware of global market leaders. The Group operates in Central Europe, South-Eastern Europe, the Iberian Peninsula, as well as in Egypt, Turkey, Colombia, Peru, the Dominican Republic, India and the United Arab Emirates.

    The scope of the core businesss activities of the Asseco South Eastern Europe Group, broken down into relevant segments, is described in Section IV of these consolidated financial statements.

    The direct parent entity of ASEE S.A. is Asseco International a.s. ("AI"), with its registered office in Bratislava, which is part of the Asseco Poland Group. As at 31 December 2025, AI held 26,407,081 shares in the Company, representing 50.89% of the Company's share capital and entitling it to 26,407,081 votes at the General Meeting, which constituted 50.89% of the total number of votes. The ultimate parent company of the entire Asseco Poland Group is Asseco Poland S.A., with its registered office in Rzeszów.

    These consolidated financial statements cover the year ended 31 December 2025 and include comparative data for the year ended 31 December 2024.

  2. ‌Basis for the preparation of financial statements
    1. ‌Basis for preparation

      These consolidated financial statements have been prepared on the historical cost basis, except for financial assets measured at fair value through profit or loss or other comprehensive income, financial assets measured at amortized cost, and financial liabilities measured at fair value through profit or loss. Additionally, subsidiaries operating a hyperinflationary economy (Turkey) have restated their financial data to reflect changes in purchasing power based on a general price index so that amounts are expressed in the measurement units at the end of the reporting period. The impact of hyperinflation on the consolidated financial statements is described in explanatory note 2.11.

      These consolidated financial statements have been prepared under the going concern assumption, assuming that the Group will continue its operations for the foreseeable future. As of the date of these consolidated financial statements, there are no circumstances indicating a threat to the Group's ability to continue as a going concern.

      The scope of these consolidated financial statements is in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Finance of 6 June 2025 on current and periodic information disclosed by issuers of securities and on the conditions for recognizing as equivalent information required by the laws of a non-member state (consolidated text: Journal of Laws 2025, item 755, as amended) ("Regulation") and covers the annual reporting period from 1 January to 31 December 2025, as well as the comparative period from 1 January to 31 December 2024.

    2. ‌Impact of the geopolitical and macroeconomic situation on the Group's business operations

      As of the date of publication of these annual consolidated financial statements, based on its ongoing analysis of geopolitical and macroeconomic risks, the Management Board concluded that the Group's ability to continue operations for a period of no less than 12 months from 31 December 2025 is not at risk.

      As a result of the Russian invasion of Ukraine that began in 2022, the geopolitical situation in the entire Central and South-Eastern Europe region has significantly changed, while political tensions and military activities in Israel, the Gaza Strip, and Lebanon continue to affect the stability of the Middle East region. The Group continuously monitors the evolving geopolitical situation and its potential impact on future financial position and results. It is difficult to predict the further course of the conflict, and consequently the long-term economic effects for this part of Europe and the United Arab Emirates, as well as the impact on the overall macroeconomic environment, which indirectly affects ASEE Group's financial results.

      In 2022, Turkey was recognized as a country with a hyperinflationary economy. The Group consolidates financial data from several subsidiaries operating in Turkey, including ASEE Turkey, Payten Turkey, and Paratika, whose functional currency is that of a hyperinflationary economy. Accordingly, the consolidated financial statements include financial information of subsidiaries operating in Turkey adjusted for inflation, to reflect the impact of changes in the appropriate price index. The effect of hyperinflation adjustments is described in explanatory note 2.11 to these consolidated financial statements.

    3. ‌Compliance statement

      These consolidated financial statements have been prepared in compliance with the International Financial

      Reporting Standards ("IFRS") as endorsed by the European Union ("EU IFRS").

      IFRS include standards and interpretations accepted by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB") and the International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee ("IFRIC").

      As of the date of approval of these statements for publication, considering the ongoing EU endorsement process of IFRS and the Group's operations, in the scope of accounting policies applied by the Group there is no difference between IFRS that came into force and IFRS endorsed by the EU.

      Some of the Group companies maintain their accounting books in accordance with the accounting regulations. The consolidated financial statements include adjustments not recorded in the accounting books of the Group's entities, made to align their financial statements with IFRS.

    4. ‌Functional currency, presentation currency and hyperinflation

      These consolidated financial statements are presented in Polish zloty ("PLN"), and all amounts, unless stated otherwise, are presented in thousands of PLN (PLN'000). Minor differences of 1 thousand PLN in totals result from rounding.

      The functional currency of the Parent Company, and simultaneously the presentation currency of these consolidated financial statements, is the Polish zloty (PLN). The functional currencies of the subsidiaries included in these financial statements are the currencies of the primary economic environments in which they operate. For consolidation purposes, the financial statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into PLN using for balance sheet items: exchange rates quoted by the National Bank of Poland at the end of the reporting period and for statement of comprehensive income as well as the statement of cash flows items: average exchange rates calculated as the arithmetic mean of rates published by the National Bank of Poland on the last day of each month of the reporting period.

      The effects of these translations are recognized in equity under "Exchange differences on translation of foreign

      operations."

      For subsidiaries operating in a hyperinflationary economy, individual items of the statement of comprehensive income are translated into PLN using the respective currency exchange rates as determined by the National Bank of Poland at the end of the reporting period. The difference resulting from the translation of the statement of comprehensive income at the exchange rate effective on the reporting date, instead of using the average exchange rate for the reporting period, is disclosed in the line 'Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations'.

    5. ‌Professional judgement and estimates

      The preparation of the Group's consolidated financial statements in accordance with IFRS requires management to make judgements, estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts in the financial statements. Although these assumptions and estimates are based on the best knowledge of the Group's management regarding current activities and events, actual results may differ from those estimates.

      The relevant explanatory notes to the financial statements disclose the main areas which in the process of applying the accounting policies were subject to accounting estimates and professional judgement made by the management, and whose estimates, if changed, could significantly affect the Group's financial data to be presented in these notes in the future.

      In 2025, there were no significant changes in estimation methodologies compared to the previous year.

    6. ‌Accounting policies applied

      The table below provides a list of selected accounting policies along with explanatory notes in which they have been presented.

      Selected accounting policies

      Note

      Page number

      Hyperinflation

      2.11

      19

      Sales revenues

      5.1

      31

      Operating costs

      5.2

      35

      Other operating activities

      5.3

      39

      Financial income and expenses

      5.4

      39

      Income tax expense

      5.5

      41

      Earnings per share

      5.6

      43

      Property, plant and equipment

      6.1

      45

      Intangible assets

      6.2

      47

      Right-of-use assets

      6.3

      49

      Goodwill

      6.4

      50

      Impairment tests

      6.5

      57

      Other financial assets

      6.6

      59

      Prepayments

      6.7

      61

      Receivables and contract assets

      6.8

      62

      Inventories

      6.9

      64

      Cash and cash equivalents

      6.10

      65

      Non-controlling interests

      6.12

      66

      Lease liabilities

      6.13

      67

      Bank loans and borrowings

      6.14

      69

      Other financial liabilities

      6.15

      70

      Trade payables and other liabilities

      6.16

      71

      Contract liabilities

      6.17

      72

      Provisions

      6.18

      73

      Accrued expenses

      6.19

      74

      The accounting policies applied in the preparation of these consolidated financial statements have remained unchanged compared to those used in the preparation of the Group's annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended 31 December 2024, except for changes resulting from standards effective as of 1 January 2025.

      New standards or changes effective from 1 January 2025 are as follows:

      • Amendments to IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates: Non-Convertibility (issued on August 15, 2023) - effective for annual periods beginning on or after 1 January 2025.

        The amended standard, which was first applicable in 2025, had no material impact on the Group's consolidated financial statements.

    7. ‌New standards and interpretations published but not in force yet

      The following standards and interpretations were issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB) and International Financial Reporting Interpretations Committee (IFRIC), but have not yet come into force:

      • IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures (published on 9 May 2024) - not endorsed by the EU by the date of approval of these financial statements - effective for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027;

      • Amendments to IFRS 19 Subsidiaries without Public Accountability: Disclosures (published on 21 August 2024) - not endorsed by the EU by the date of approval of these financial statements - effective for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027;

      • Amendments to IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates: Translation to a Hyperinflationary Presentation Currency (published on 13 November 2025) - not endorsed by the EU by the date of approval of these financial statements - effective for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027;

      • IFRS 18 Presentation and Disclosure in Financial Statements (published on 9 April 2024) - effective for reporting periods beginning on or after 1 January 2027;

      • Amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 Classification and Measurement of Financial Instruments (issued on May 30, 2024) - effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026;

      • Amendments to IFRS 9 and IFRS 7 Contracts Referencing Nature-dependent Electricity (published on December 18, 2024) effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026;

      • Annual Improvements to IFRS Accounting Standards - Volume 11 (published on July 18, 2024) - effective for reporting periods beginning on or after January 1, 2026.

      The specified effective dates have been set forth in the standards published by the International Accounting Standards Board. The actual dates of adopting these standards in the European Union may differ from those set forth in the standards and they shall be announced once they are approved for application by the European Union.

      The Group did not decide on early adoption of any standard, interpretation or amendment which has been published but has not yet become effective.

      The Group is currently conducting an analysis of how the above-mentioned amendments are going to impact its financial statements.

    8. ‌Changes in the presentation methods applied

      During the reporting period, the methods of presentation were not subject to any change.

    9. ‌Correction of errors

      In the reporting period, no events occurred that would require making corrections of any misstatements.

    10. ‌Changes in the comparative data

      The Group has restated the comparative data as at 31 December 2024 and for the 12-month period ended 31 December 2024 in connection with the revision of the fair value of acquired net assets recognized as part of the purchase price allocation for subsidiaries.

      Detailed information on the acquired assets and liabilities is presented in explanatory note 6.4 to these annual consolidated financial statements.

      The tables below present the impact of the above changes on the comparative data.

      STATEMENT OF PROFIT AND LOSS

      12 months ended

      31 December

      Purchase price

      allocation of

      12 months ended

      31 December 2024

      2024

      PLN'000

      subsidiaries

      PLN'000

      (restated)

      PLN'000

      Operating revenues

      1,708,184

      -

      1,708,184

      Cost of sales

      (1,259,667)

      -

      (1,259,667)

      Allowances for trade receivables

      (6,449)

      -

      (6,449)

      Gross profit on sales 442,068 - 442,068

      Selling expenses

      (112,111)

      -

      (112,111)

      General and administrative expenses

      (105,344)

      -

      (105,344)

      Net profit on sales 224,613 - 224,613

      Other operating income

      3,610

      -

      3,610

      Other operating expenses

      (1,546)

      -

      (1,546)

      Share of profits of associates

      73

      -

      73

      Operating profit 226,750 - 226,750

      Financial income

      89,731

      -

      89,731

      Financial expenses

      (65,221)

      -

      (65,221)

      Impairment loss on financial instruments

      -

      -

      -

      Profit before tax 251,260 - 251,260

      Income tax expense

      (current and deferred tax expense)

      (46,574) - (46,574)

      Net profit for the reporting period 204,686 - 204,686

      Non-controlling interests 5,463

      -

      5,463

      Basic and diluted consolidated earnings per share for the reporting 3.84

      -

      3.84

      Attributable to:

      Shareholders of the Parent Company 199,223 - 199,223

      period, attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company (in PLN)

      OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

      Net profit for the reporting period 204,686 - 204,686

      Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss (25,877) 2 (25,875)

      Net gain/loss on valuation of financial assets

      158

      -

      158

      Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

      (26,035)

      2

      (26,033)

      Items that may not be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss - - -

      Actuarial gains/losses

      -

      -

      -

      Total other comprehensive income

      (25,877)

      2

      (25,875)

      TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME attributable to:

      178,809

      2

      178,811

      Shareholders of the Parent Company

      173,586

      2

      173,588

      Non-controlling interests 5,223 - 5,223

      31 December 2024 Purchase price 31 December 2024

      allocation of (restated)

      ASSETS subsidiaries

      PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000

      Non-current assets

      Property, plant and equipment

      174,175

      -

      174,175

      Intangible assets

      90,278

      -

      90,278

      Right-of-use assets

      68,848

      -

      68,848

      Investment property

      436

      -

      436

      Goodwill

      1,018,670

      3,289

      1,021,959

      Investments accounted for using the equity method

      265

      -

      265

      Other receivables

      5,850

      -

      5,850

      Deferred tax assets

      11,711

      -

      11,711

      Other financial assets

      2,481

      -

      2,481

      Prepayments

      3,090

      -

      3,090

      1,375,804 3,289 1,379,093

      Current assets

      Inventories

      109,968

      -

      109,968

      Prepayments

      61,562

      -

      61,562

      Trade receivables

      292,385

      (916)

      291,469

      Contract assets

      87,249

      -

      87,249

      Corporate income tax receivable

      4,662

      -

      4,662

      Receivables from the state and local budgets

      15,841

      -

      15,841

      Other receivables

      71,917

      -

      71,917

      Other non-financial assets

      4,924

      -

      4,924

      Other financial assets

      4,079

      -

      4,079

      Cash and cash equivalents

      271,211

      -

      271,211

      923,798 (916) 922,882

      Assets held for sale

      15,320

      15,320

      939,118 (916) 938,202

      TOTAL ASSETS 2,314,922 2,373 2,317,295

      31 December 2024 Purchase price 31 December 2024

      allocation of (restated)

      EQUITY AND LIABILITIES subsidiaries

      PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000

      Equity

      (attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company)

      Share capital

      518,943

      -

      518,943

      Share premium

      38,826

      -

      38,826

      Transactions with non-controlling interests

      (162,161)

      (2,694)

      (164,855)

      Other reserves

      1,580

      -

      1,580

      Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

      (224,666)

      2

      (224,664)

      Retained earnings

      904,253

      -

      904,253

      1,076,775

      (2,692)

      1,074,083

      Non-controlling interests

      8,424

      -

      8,424

      Total equity

      1,085,199

      (2,692)

      1,082,507

      Non-current liabilities

      Bank loans and borrowings

      85,820

      -

      85,820

      Lease liabilities

      47,983

      -

      47,983

      Other financial liabilities

      394,195

      -

      394,195

      Deferred tax liabilities

      14,575

      -

      14,575

      Provisions

      5,543

      5,065

      10,608

      Deferred income

      1,045

      -

      1,045

      Accrued expenses

      423

      -

      423

      Contract liabilities

      8,541

      -

      8,541

      Other liabilities

      54

      -

      54

      558,179 5,065 563,244

      Current liabilities

      Bank loans and borrowings

      76,912

      -

      76,912

      Lease liabilities

      17,650

      -

      17,650

      Other financial liabilities

      46,849

      -

      46,849

      Trade payables

      195,073

      -

      195,073

      Contract liabilities

      127,737

      -

      127,737

      Corporate income tax payable

      9,601

      -

      9,601

      Liabilities to the state and local budgets

      45,151

      -

      45,151

      Other liabilities

      104,482

      -

      104,482

      Provisions

      3,086

      -

      3,086

      Deferred income

      660

      -

      660

      Accrued expenses

      40,206

      -

      40,206

      667,407 - 667,407

      Liabilities directly related to assets held for sale

      4,137

      -

      4,137

      671,544

      -

      671,544

      TOTAL LIABILITIES

      1,229,723

      5,065

      1,234,788

      TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

      2,314,922

      2,373

      2,317,295

    11. ‌Accounting effects of Turkey's status as a hyperinflationary economy

      The Group has subsidiaries operating in a hyperinflationary economy, for which it applies IAS 29 Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies. The Group identified hyperinflation in Turkey based on both qualitative and quantitative factors, in particular due to the fact that cumulative inflation over a three-year period exceeded 100% in April 2022 and have remained above 100% till the end of the reporting period.

      In accordance with IAS 29, the financial data of Turkish subsidiaries have been restated to reflect purchasing power at the end of the reporting period, based on the Consumer Price Index (CPI) published by the Turkish Statistical Institute. Accordingly, non-monetary items in the statement of financial position as well as the statement of profit and loss have been restated to reflect purchasing power as at the reporting date. Monetary items, such as receivables, liabilities, and bank borrowings, already reflect purchasing power at the closing date, as they are expressed in current monetary units. IAS 29, in conjunction with IAS 21 The Effects of Changes in Foreign Exchange Rates, also requires that all transactions denominated in a hyperinflationary currency, i.e. the Turkish lira (TRY), be translated into the Group's presentation currency, i.e. Polish zloty (PLN), using the exchange rate at the reporting date. Accordingly in the current reporting period, all transactions in Turkey were translated into PLN using the exchange rate as at 31 December 2025, in the prior year, all transactions in Turkey were translated using the exchange rate as at 31 December 2024, whereas the Group typically translates profit or loss items using the average exchange rate for the reporting period.

      Basis hyperinflation adjustements

      • Price index:

        Hyperinflation adjustments for Turkish subsidiaries have been based on officially available data on changes in the consumer price index (CPI) as published by the Turkish Statistical Institute. According to this index, the inflation rate for the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 reached 31%.

        Inflation rates for individual periods were as follows:

        The rates of inflation for particular reporting periods are presented in the table below:

        Inflation rate for particular periods

        December 2025 - December 2024 31%

        December 2024 - December 2023 44%

        December 2023 - December 2022 65%

        Three-year cumulative inflation rate

        December 2025 - December 2022 211%

      • Currency exchange rate:

    All financial data of Turkish subsidiaries, both in the statement of financial position and the statement of profit or loss, are translated into the Group's presentation currency (PLN) using the TRY/PLN exchange rate at the reporting date, instead of the Group's standard practice of translating the statement of profit and loss at the average exchange rate for the reporting period. As at 31 December 2025, this exchange rate was: TRY 1 = PLN 0.0837.

    Assumptions for the method and timing of hyperinflation adjustments:

    • Hyperinflation adjustements in the local currency

      • The Group has analyzed items of the statement of financial position of its subsidiaries in Turkey and classified them into monetary and non-monetary assets/liabilities. Monetary items have not been restated because they are already expressed in terms of the monetary unit current at the end of the reporting period.

      • Significant non-monetary items existing in our Turkish subsidiaries include: goodwill arising from the acquisition of these companies, property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, right-of-use asset, prepayments, and liabilities from contracts with customers. Right-of-use assets have not been additionally revalued because they are periodically indexed by the inflation rate. Other non-monetary items have been restated to reflect the effects of inflation based on changes in the price index. Changes in the price index in the period from initial recognition till 31 December 2024 have been recognized in the financial data for prior years. Whereas, effects of changes in the price index in 2025 have been recognized in the financial statements for the current reporting period.

        The restatements were made from the date of initial recognition of non-monetary items, but not earlier than the acquisition date of subsidiaries, as it is assumed that non-monetary items were then translated and recognized in the consolidated financial statements at fair value, reflecting the purchasing power as at the acquisition date. The restatement significantly increased the value of goodwill, property, plant and equipment, and intangible assets. It also resulted in higher expenses in the statement of profit and loss in the form of higher depreciation and amortization charges due to the restated gross values of property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, higher expenses and income from the accounting for restated prepaid expenses and contract liabilities.

      • Due to the revaluation of non-monetary assets and liabilities, deferred tax calculated as the difference between the tax value and the book value was also revalued.

      • All of profit and loss transactions for the year 2025 have been restated to reflect changes in the price index from the month when recognized till 31 December, except for depreciation charges on property, plant and equipment and amortization charges on intangible assets that have been remeasured based on the adjusted gross value of these assets, as well as expenses and income from the accounting for restated amounts of accruals and contract liabilities. The remeasurement of depreciation and amortization charges has been based on the normal periods of useful life of relevant assets. The restatement of the statement of profit and loss for the inflation rate resulted in an increase in the value of individual items presented in the local currency due to changes in the price index from the date of their recognition till 31 December 2025.

      • The effects of restating the statement of profit or loss and the statement of financial position for inflation in the current reporting period were recognized in financial income/expenses under "Gain/(loss) on net monetary position." Adjustments relating to periods up to the end of 2021 were recognized in other comprehensive income for 2022 and in equity under "Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations."

    • Translation of financial data into the Group's presentation currency

      • Financial statements of Turkish subsidiaries, after hyperinflation adjustments in local currency, were translated into PLN by applying the closing TRY/PLN exchange rate to both the statement of financial position and all profit or loss items. As at 31 December 2025, this exchange rate was: TRY 1 = PLN 0.0837. Translation of the statement of financial position has remained unchanged compared to the Group's usual practice, while the new principle of translating the statement of profit and loss has had a significant impact on its individual items. The effect of translating the statement of comprehensive income using the closing exchange rate of the reporting period has been recognized in "Exchange differences on translation of foreign subsidiaries."

    • Time of recognition

      • IAS 29 has been implemented by the Group since 1 January 2022 and the first hyperinflation restatements were made in the interim consolidated financial statements for the period of 6 months ended 30 June 2022. As cumulative three-year inflation exceeded 100% in April 2022, the financial data for the first quarter of 2022 were not subject to hyperinflation adjustments.

    STATEMENT OF PROFIT AND LOSS

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    Impact of

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    The impact of applying IAS 29 on the consolidated financial statements for 2025 is summarized below:

    without impact of

    IAS 29

    hyperinflation

    according to

    IAS/IFRS

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    Operating revenues

    1,795,855

    2,810

    1,798,665

    Cost of sales

    (1,289,635)

    (4,377)

    (1,294,012)

    Allowances for trade receivables

    (17,046)

    -

    (17,046)

    Gross profit on sales 489,174 (1,567) 487,607

    Selling costs

    (123,935)

    56

    (123,879)

    General and administrative expenses

    (108,359)

    (47)

    (108,406)

    Net profit on sales 256,880 (1,558) 255,322

    Other operating income

    2,765

    15

    2,780

    Other operating expenses

    (6,618)

    -

    (6,618)

    Share of profits of associates

    124

    -

    124

    Operating profit 253,151 (1,543) 251,608

    Financial income

    159,936

    14,333

    174,269

    Financial expenses

    (185,015)

    (5,879)

    (190,894)

    Impairment loss on financial instruments

    (5,987)

    (5,987)

    Profit before tax 222,085 6,911 228,996

    Income tax expense (current and deferred tax expense)

    (48,321)

    (399)

    (48,720)

    Net profit for the reporting period 173,764 6,512 180,276

    Attributable to:

    Shareholders of the Parent Company 191,776 6,478 198,254

    Non-controlling interests

    (18,012)

    34

    (17,978)

    OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME

    Net profit for the reporting period

    173,764

    6,512

    180,276

    Items that may be reclassified subsequently to profit or loss

    (47,985)

    (11,303)

    (59,288)

    Net gain/loss on valuation of financial assets

    150

    -

    150

    Exchange differences on translation of foreign operations

    (48,135)

    (11,303)

    (59,438)

    Total other comprehensive income

    (47,985)

    (11,303)

    (59,288)

    TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME attributable to:

    125,779

    (4,791)

    120,988

    Shareholders of the Parent Company

    144,957

    (4,825)

    140,132

    Non-controlling interests (19,178) 34 (19,144)

    31 December 2025 Impact of hyperinflation 31 December 2025

    without impact of according to IAS/IFRS

    ASSETS IAS 29

    PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000

    Non-current assets

    Property, plant and equipment

    184,024

    5,520

    189,544

    Intangible assets

    60,937

    539

    61,476

    Right-of-use assets

    68,744

    -

    68,744

    Goodwill

    844,539

    60,297

    904,836

    Investments accounted for using the equity method

    300

    -

    300

    Other receivables

    16,709

    -

    16,709

    Deferred tax assets

    14,206

    49

    14,255

    Other financial assets

    3,041

    -

    3,041

    Prepayments

    9,177

    32

    9,209

    1,201,677 66,437 1,268,114

    Current assets

    Inventories

    68,557

    -

    68,557

    Prepayments

    70,600

    883

    71,483

    Trade receivables

    346,496

    -

    346,496

    Contract assets

    77,383

    -

    77,383

    Corporate income tax receivable

    4,301

    -

    4,301

    Receivables from the state and local budgets

    4,795

    -

    4,795

    Other receivables

    96,333

    -

    96,333

    Other non-financial assets

    6,301

    -

    6,301

    987,627 883 988,510

    TOTAL ASSETS 2,189,304 67,320 2,256,624

    EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

    31 December 2025

    without impact of

    IAS 29

    PLN'000

    Impact of hyperinflation

    PLN'000

    31 December 2025

    according to IAS/IFRS

    PLN'000

    Equity

    (attributable to shareholders of the Parent Company)

    1,158,945

    63,877

    1,222,822

    Non-controlling interests

    7,502

    281

    7,783

    Total equity

    1,166,447

    64,158

    1,230,605

    Non-current liabilities

    Bank loans and borrowings

    87,624

    -

    87,624

    Lease liabilities

    45,211

    -

    45,211

    Other financial liabilities

    97,400

    -

    97,400

    Deferred tax liabilities

    8,075

    1,336

    9,411

    Provisions

    11,570

    -

    11,570

    Deferred income

    435

    -

    435

    Accrued expenses

    771

    -

    771

    Contract liabilities

    14,305

    -

    14,305

    Other liabilities

    1,422

    -

    1,422

    Bank loans and borrowings

    65,583

    -

    65,583

    Lease liabilities

    22,282

    -

    22,282

    Other financial liabilities

    116,943

    -

    116,943

    Trade payables

    165,253

    -

    165,253

    Contract liabilities

    139,419

    1,826

    141,245

    Corporate income tax payable

    17,629

    -

    17,629

    Liabilities to the state and local budgets

    53,692

    -

    53,692

    Other liabilities

    126,108

    -

    126,108

    Provisions

    4,438

    -

    4,438

    Deferred income

    679

    -

    679

    Accrued expenses

    44,018

    -

    44,018

    266,813 1,336 268,149

    Current liabilities

    756,044

    1,826

    757,870

    TOTAL LIABILITIES

    1,022,857

    3,162

    1,026,019

    TOTAL EQUITY AND LIABILITIES

    2,189,304

    67,320

    2,256,624

    Other financial assets

    919

    -

    919

    Cash and cash equivalents

    311,942

    -

    311,942

    For the purpose of providing a complete presentation of the impact of hyperinflation on the consolidated statement of financial position and the statement of profit or loss, an impairment of assets held for sale resulting from prior hyperinflationary restatements has also been recognized.

    As described in section IV. Information on operating segments, the Management analyzes the operations of individual segments and their financial performance excluding the effects of hyperinflationary revaluations. Therefore, in the explanatory note on operating segments, the impact of hyperinflation has been disclosed in a separate column in order to reconcile the financial data of segments with the data presented elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements.

    The table below presents the financial data of segments in two variants: without the impact of IAS 29, and also in accordance with IAS/IFRS.

    12 months ended 31 December 2025 Banking Solutions Payment Solutions Dedicated Solutions

    without according to without according to without according impact of IAS/IFRS impact of IAS/IFRS impact of to IAS/IFRS

    IAS 29 IAS 29 IAS 29

    PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000

    Sales to external customers

    352,661

    352,970

    913,756

    911,662

    583,467

    588,062

    Gross profit on sales

    120,605

    121,001

    232,628

    229,192

    135,941

    137,414

    Selling costs

    (16,756)

    (16,782)

    (72,425)

    (72,304)

    (34,754)

    (34,793)

    General and administrative expenses

    (27,098)

    (27,118)

    (54,341)

    (54,340)

    (26,920)

    (26,948)

    Other operating activities

    21

    21

    (3,052)

    (3,037)

    (822)

    (822)

    Share of profits of associates

    -

    -

    124

    124

    -

    -

    Operating profit

    76,772

    77,122

    102,934

    99,635

    73,445

    74,851

    Goodwill as at 31 December 2025

    202,967

    209,753

    288,193

    312,219

    353,379

    382,864

  3. ‌ Organization and changes in the structure of Asseco South Eastern Europe Group, including the entities subject to consolidation

    Selected accounting policies

    Consolidation rules

    These consolidated financial statements of ASEE Group encompass assets, liabilities and equity, revenues and costs, as well as cash flows of the Parent Company - ASEE S.A. and its controlled entities (subsidiaries).

    Annual financial statements of our subsidiaries, after being adjusted to comply with IFRS, are prepared for the same reporting period as adopted by the Parent Company and using consistent accounting policies applied to similar transactions and economic activities. Any discrepancies in the applied accounting policies are eliminated by making appropriate adjustments.

    All significant outstanding settlements and transactions between the Group companies, including unrealized profits resulting from transactions within the Group, have been fully eliminated. All unrealized losses are eliminated unless they provide evidence of impairment.

    Subsidiaries are subject to consolidation from the date the Group obtains control over such entities until such control ceases. The Group controls an investee if, and only if, the Group has: (i) power over the investee (ii) exposure, or rights, to variable returns from its involvement with the investee and (iii) the ability to use its power over the investee to affect its returns.

    Where the Group holds less than a majority of voting rights in an entity but those rights are sufficient to unilaterally direct the relevant activities, the Group is deemed to have control over that entity.

    Subsidiaries are consolidated for the period from the date control is obtained until the date control ceases. In the event of loss of control over a subsidiary, the consolidated financial statements include results of a subsidiary for the part of the year during which it was controlled by the Group. Acquisitions of subsidiaries are accounted for using the acquisition method.

    Changes in ownership interests that do not result in a loss of control are accounted for as equity transactions. In such cases, the carrying amounts of controlling and non-controlling interests are adjusted to reflect changes in relative ownership interests. Any difference between the adjustment to non-controlling interests and the fair value of consideration paid or received is recognized directly in equity (transactions with non-controlling interests) and attributed to the owners of the Parent Company.

    Combinations of businesses under common control

    A business combination involving business entities under common control is a business combination whereby all of the combining business entities are ultimately controlled by the same party or parties, both before and after the business combination, and that control is not transitory.

    This refers in particular to transactions such as a transfer of companies or businesses within the Group, or a merger of the Parent Company with its subsidiary.

    In the event of a business combination in which an investment in one subsidiary is contributed to another subsidiary or mergers of two subsidiaries of ASEE S.A., the carrying value of our investment in the acquiree subsidiary is only transferred at the level of standalone financial statements. Hence, a takeover of one subsidiary by another subsidiary has no impact on the Group's financial results.

    To account for business combinations under common control, the Group applies the pooling of interests method, under which:

    • assets and liabilities of the combining business entities are measured at their carrying values as disclosed in the Group's consolidated financial statements. This means that goodwill previously recognized in the consolidated financial statements as well as any other intangible assets recognized in the merger accounting process are transferred to the standalone financial statements, and at the consolidated level there is no fair value remeasurement of net assets as at the transaction date;

    • transaction costs related to the combination are expensed in the statement of profit and loss (financial expenses);

    • mutual balances of accounts receivable/ payable are eliminated;

    • any difference between the consideration paid or transferred and the value of net assets acquired (at their carrying values disclosed in the consolidated financial statements) is recognized in equity of the acquirer (such amounts recognized in equity are not included in reserve capital, and therefore they are not distributable);

    • the statement of profit and loss presents the financial results of both combined entities from the date when their merger was effected; whereas, the results for earlier reporting periods are not restated.

    ASEE Group consists of ASEE S.A. as the parent company and the following subsidiaries and associates:

    Name of entity Registered seat Equity interest / Voting rights held by the Group

    31 December 2025

    31 December 2024

    Subsidiary companies

    ASEE Solutions doo Beograd

    Serbia

    100/100

    100/100

    Things Solver doo Beograd

    Serbia

    76.14/76.14

    76.14/76.14

    e-mon doo ., Podgorica

    Montenegro

    75/75

    75/75

    ASEE doo, Sarajevo

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    100/100

    100/100

    Dwelt doo . Banja Luka

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    60/60*

    60/60*

    BS Telecom Solutions doo Sarajevo

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    60/60*

    60/60*

    ASEE EOOD

    Bulgaria

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE Solutions doo

    Croatia

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE DOOEL, Skopje

    Macedonia

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE BSS DOOEL, Skopje

    Macedonia

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE Sh.pk .

    Kosovo

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE Albania Sh.pk .

    Albania

    100/100

    100/100

    Helius Systems Sh.pk .

    Albania

    70/70*

    70/70*

    ASEE Solutions SRL

    Romania

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE Solutions SRL

    Moldova

    100/100

    100/100

    Bithat Solutions srl .

    Romania

    100/100

    100/100

    Askepnet TOV

    Ukraine

    100/100

    100/100

    ASEE Bilişim Teknolojileri A.Ş.

    Türkiye

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten Holding SA

    Poland

    99.07/99.07

    99.07/99.07

    Necomplus, SL

    Spain

    100/100

    84.97/84.97

    Necomplus Serveis Andorra, SL

    Andorra

    33.33/33.33

    33.33/33.33

    Necomplus Portugal Lda

    Portugal

    100/100

    100/100

    Necomplus Dominicana Srl

    Dominican Republic

    100/100

    100/100

    Necomplus Colombia SAS

    Colombia

    100/100

    100/100

    Necomplus PERÚ SAC

    Peru

    100/100

    100/100

    Monripayments , SL.U.

    Spain

    100/100

    n/a

    Sycket Technologies, SL

    Spain

    70/70*

    n/a

    Ifthenpay Lda

    Portugal

    80/80*

    80/80*

    WEO Unipessoal Lda

    Portugal

    80/80*

    80/80*

    Payten Teknoloji A.Ş.

    Türkiye

    100/100

    100/100

    Paratika Odeme Hizmetleri A. Ş.

    Türkiye

    100/100

    100/100

    Mobven Teknoloji A. Ş.

    Türkiye

    n/a

    100/100

    Payten doo , Novi Beograd

    Serbia

    100/100

    100/100

    Chip Card ad , Beograd

    Serbia

    92.51/92.51

    92.51/92.51

    Afusion doo, Beograd

    Serbia

    95/95

    95/95

    Monri Payments doo, Beograd

    Serbia

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten doo . (Sarajevo)

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    100/100

    100/100

    Monri Payments doo

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten doo . (Zagreb)

    Croatia

    100/100

    100/100

    Monri Payments doo Zagreb

    Croatia

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten doo ., Podgorica

    Montenegro

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten DOOEL, Skopje

    Macedonia

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten doo . (Ljubljana)

    Slovenia

    100/100

    100/100

    Avera doo .

    Slovenia

    75/75*

    75/75*

    Payten Payment Solutions srl .

    Romania

    100/100

    100/100

    ContentSpeed srl .

    Romania

    80/80*

    80/80*

    SONET společnost sro .

    The czech republic

    100/100

    100/100

    SONET Slovakia sro

    Slovakia

    100/100

    100/100

    Payten Egypt LLC

    Egypt

    80/80

    80/80

    Fawaterk for E-payments LLC

    Egypt

    51/51

    n/a

    Touras India Private Limited

    India

    51/51

    51/51

    Touras Tech Global Private Limited

    India

    100/100

    100/100

    Touras Technologies Limited

    United Arab Emirates

    51/51

    51/51

    Touras Global IT Solutions LLC

    United Arab Emirates

    100/100

    100/100

    Paygate ( Private ) Limited

    Sri Lanka

    n/a

    100/100

    Associated companies:

    Clever Solutions Sh.p.k.

    Albania

    45/45

    45/45

    * this investment is accounted for using the present ownership method, assuming we hold 100% of shares due to the existing put/call options

    The structure of the ASEE Group is also presented in graphical form:

    BS Telecom Solutions d.o.o. Sarajevo Bosnia & Herzegovina

    60/60 (60/60)*

Necomplus Dominicana. Srl Dominican Republic 100/100 (100/100)

Necomplus Colombia SAS

Colombia 100/100 (100/100)

Necomplus PERÚ SAC

Peru 100/100 (100/100)

Sycket Technologies, S.L. Spain

70/70 (na/na)*

Things Solver d.o.o. Beograd

Serbia 76.14/76.14 (76.14/76.14)

Payten d.o.o. (Sarajevo) Bosnia & Herzegovina 100/100 (100/100)

e-mon d.o.o., Podgorica Montenegro 75/75 (75/75)

Monri Payments d.o.o. Bosnia & Herzegovina 100/100 (100/100)

Necomplus Serveis Andorra. S.L.

Andorra 33.33/33.33 (33.33/33.33)

Payten DOOEL. Skopje

Macedonia

100/100 (100/100)

ASEE EOOD

Bulgaria

100/100 (100/100)

Payten d.o.o.. Podgorica

Montenegro

100/100 (100/100)

Necomplus Portugal Lda.

Portugal 100/100 (100/100)

subsidiary company

associated company

ASEE Solutions S.R.L. Romania

100/100 (100/100)

Clever Solutions Sh.p.k.

Albania 45/45 (45/45)

ASEE Solutions d.o.o. Beograd

Serbia

100/100 (100/100)

Payten Holding S.A. Polska

99.07/99.07 (99.07/99.07)

Payten Teknoloji A.Ş.

Turkey

100/100 (100/100)

ASEE Sh.p.k.

Kosovo

100/100 (100/100)

ASEE Bilişim Teknolojileri A.Ş.

Turkey

100/100 (100/100)

Fawaterk for E-payments LLC Egypt

51/51 (na/na)

Asseco South Eastern Europe S.A.

Poland

Non-controlling shareholders 49.11/49.11 (49.11/49.11)

Asseco International a.s.

50.89/50.89 (50.89/50.89 )

Monri Payments d.o.o., Beograd Serbia

100/100 (100/100)

SONET Slovakia s.r.o.

Slovakia

100/100 (100/100)

Touras India Private Limited India

51/51 (51/51)

Ifthenpay Lda Portugal

80/80 (80/80)*

Touras Tech Global Private Limited

India

100/100 (100/100)

Payten d.o.o.. (Lublana)

Slovenia

100/100 (100/100)

WEO Unipessoal Lda Portugal

80/80 (80/80)*

Touras Technologies Limited United Arab Emirates

51/51 (51/51)

ASEE Solutions S.R.L.

Moldavia 100/100 (100/100)

Bithat Solutions s.r.l.

Romania 100/100 (100/100)

Paratika Odeme Hizmetleri A.Ş.

Turkey 100/100 (100/100)

Askepnet TOV

Ukraine 100/100 (100/100)

Payten Egypt LLC Egypt

80/80 (80/80)

Helius Systems Sh.p.k.

Albania 70/70 (70/70)*

Monripayments, S.L. Spain

100/100 (na/na)

SONET společnost s.r.o.

Czech Republic

100/100 (100/100)

Monri Payments d.o.o. Zagreb Croatia

100/100 (100/100)

ContentSpeed s.r.l.

Romania

80/80 (80/80)*

ASEE Albania Sh.p.k.

Albania 100/100 (100/100)

Payten Payment Solutions s.r.l.

Romania

100/100 (100/100)

ASEE BSS DOOEL. Skopje

Macedonia

100/100 (100/100)

Avera d.o.o.

Slovenia

75/75 (75/75)*

ASEE DOOEL, Skopje Macedonia 100/100 (100/100)

Payten d.o.o. Novi Beograd Serbia

100/100 (100/100)

Afusion d.o.o., Beograd

Serbia 95/95 (95/95)

Chip Card a.d., Beograd

Serbia 92.51/92.51 (92.51/92.51)

Necomplus. S.L. Spain

100/100 (84.97/84.97)

Dwelt d.o.o. Banja Luka Bosnia & Herzegovina 60/60 (60/60)*

ASEE d.o.o. Sarajevo Bosnia & Herzegovina 100/100 (100/100)

Payten d.o.o. (Zagreb) Croatia

100/100 (100/100)

ASEE Solutions d.o.o.

Croatia

100/100 (100/100)

Touras Global IT Solutions L.L.C. United Arab Emirates 100/100 (100/100)

100/100 voting rights / equity interest as at 31 December 2025 (in %) (100/100) voting rights / equity interest as at 31 December 2024 (in %)

* this investment is accounted for using the present ownership method, assuming we hold 100% of shares due to the existing put/call options

Both as at 31 December 2025 and 31 December 2024, all of our subsidiary companies were subject to consolidation.

The Group had no shares in any jointly controlled entities as at 31 December 2025 or as at 31 December 2024. During the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025, the Group's composition changed as follows:

  • Purchase of the company Fawaterk for E-payments LLC

    On January 15, 2025, Payten Holding SA acquired 51% of shares in Fawaterk for E- payments LLC based in Cairo (Egypt).

  • Sale of Mobven Teknoloji Anonim Şirketi

    On 11 February 2025, a share sale agreement for Mobven Teknoloji Anonim Şirketi was signed. Payten Teknoloji Anonim Şirketi sold all of its shares (100%) in Mobven and, as a result, the Group lost control over this entity. The consideration for the shares will be paid in seven installments, starting from the first anniversary of the transaction.

    As at the end of 2024, in connection with the plan to sell the subsidiary, Mobven's assets and liabilities were classified in the Group's statement of financial position as assets held for sale and related liabilities, measured at the lower of their carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. Accordingly, in the prior year, net assets held for sale were recognized at the estimated selling price of the company.

    In the current reporting period, the result on disposal was determined as the estimated selling price of the shares less net assets. Additionally, other comprehensive income previously recognized was reclassified to profit or loss as part of the disposal result. The loss on disposal of Mobven was estimated at PLN 6.9 million and recognized in financial expenses.

  • Change of name of subsidiary of Touras Technologies Limited - Touras Global IT Solutions LLC

    On February 25, 2025, the subsidiary of Touras Technologies Limited based in Dubai (United Arab Emirates) changed its name from Safexpay Software Solutions LLC to Touras Global IT Solutions LLC.

  • Acquisition of Sycket Technologies, SL

    On April 22, 2025, Payten Holding SA acquired 70% of the shares in Sycket Technologies, SL, based in Seville (Spain).

  • Sales Paygate ( Private ) Limited

    On June 16, 2025, Paygate ( Private ) Limited, based in Colombo (Sri Lanka), was sold.

  • Establishment of Monripayments , SLU

    On December 5, 2025, Payten Holding SA established a company in Spain called Monripayments , SLU, acquiring 100% of its shares.

  • Acquisition of shares in Necomplus, SL

On December 10, 2025, Payten Holding SA acquired 15.03% of the shares in Necomplus, SL, based in Alicante (Spain), in connection with the exercise of a put option granted to non-controlling shareholders of Necomplus. The purchase price for the shares was PLN 24,310,000. This transaction was accounted for in equity as a transaction with non-controlling interests and fully attributed to the equity of the Parent Company. Following the transaction, Payten Holding SA holds 100% of the shares in Necomplus, SL.

  1. ‌Information on operating segments

    According to IFRS 8, an operating segment is a separable component of the Group's business for which separate financial information is available and regularly reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in order to allocate resources to the segment and to assess its performance.

    Asseco South Eastern Europe Group has identified the following reportable segments reflecting the structure of its business operations:

    • Banking Solutions,

    • Payment Solutions,

    • Dedicated Solutions.

    These reportable segments correspond to the Group's operating segments.

    The Banking Solutions segment includes comprehensive solutions and products necessary for banking operations, such as: multi-channel solutions for distribution of banking products and services, solutions improving customer communication, integrated core banking systems, authentication security solutions, IT reporting systems for regulatory and management reporting, systems for risk management and anti-fraud systems. The segment also offers its clients 24x7 online services and consultancy in the areas of mobile and electronic banking and digital transformation.

    The Payment Solutions segment provides comprehensive payment solutions supporting bith online and offline payments, offered by the Payten Group for both financial and non-financial institutions. These solutions are intended for e-Commerce (online payment gateways, support for alternative payment methods such as cryptocurrencies, QR codes, cards tokenization, subscription payments), mobile payments (mPOS, vPOS, SoftPOS), payment card processing, as well as services related to ATMs and EFT POS terminals. The Group delivers software and services as well as ATMs and payment terminals, including under an outsourcing model, allowing clients to lease equipment and use maintenance and infrastructure management services. This segment also operates an independent ATM network under the MoneyGet brand. In addition, the Group runs a network of independent EFT POS terminals at points of sale - IPD service under the Monri brand enabling merchants to replace two or more payment terminals at the point of sale with a single device connected directly to multiple acquirers (card issuers). Moreover, the segment offers complementary solutions for creating online and mobile stores and marketplace platforms, as well as cash register management and sales support systems (ECR) for retailers.

    The Dedicated Solutions segment provides services to the sectors of utilities and telecommunications, public sector (including road infrastructure), government as well as to the banking and finance sector within the following business lines: BPM business process management, customer service and sales support platform, data registers, smart city, AI & Machine Learning, e-Tax, border control, authentication, dedicated solutions, BI and ERP. The company focuses on selling its proprietary solutions but also offers a full range of integration services for solutions from leading global vendors.

    The Group's financing activities as well as income taxes are monitored at the whole group level and therefore they are not allocated to individual operating segments. The Management also does not analyze assets and liabilities or cash flows in a breakdown by segments. The table below presents the key financial information reviewed by the chief operating decision maker in the Company.

    Revenues from none of our clients exceeded 10% of total sales generated by the Group in the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025.

    Selected financial data for the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025, in a breakdown by operating segments:

    12 months ended 31 December 2025

    Banking Solutions Payment

    Solutions

    Dedicated

    Solutions

    Eliminations Hyperinflation

    Total

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    Sales revenues:

    352,661

    913,756

    583,467

    (54,029)

    2,810

    1,798,665

    Sales to external customers

    330,459

    889,728

    575,668

    -

    2,810

    1,798,665

    Sales between and/or within segments

    22,202

    24,028

    7,799

    (54,029)

    -

    -

    Gross profit on sales

    120,605

    232,628

    135,941

    -

    (1,567)

    487,607

    Selling expenses

    (16,756)

    (72,425)

    (34,754)

    -

    56

    (123,879)

    General and administrative expenses

    (27,098)

    (54,341)

    (26,920)

    -

    (47)

    (108,406)

    Net profit on sales

    76,751

    105,862

    74,267

    -

    (1,558)

    255,322

    Other operating activities

    21

    (3,052)

    (822)

    -

    15

    (3,838)

    Share of profits of associates

    -

    124

    -

    -

    -

    124

    Operating profit

    76,772

    102,934

    73,445

    -

    (1,543)

    251,608

    Non-cash items

    Depreciation and amortization

    (12,427)

    (69,134)

    (21,968)

    -

    (2,671)

    (106,200)

    Impairment losses on segment assets

    recognized in operating expenses

    (1,017)

    (21,690)

    (4,110)

    -

    -

    (26,817)

    Impairment losses on goodwill

    recognized in financial expenses

    -

    (132,097)

    -

    -

    -

    (132,097)

    Goodwill

    202,967

    288,193

    353,379

    -

    60,297

    904,836

    12 months ended 31 December 2025 Banking Solutions Payment Dedicated Eliminations Hyperinflation Total

    Solutions Solutions

    EUR'000 EUR'000 EUR'000 EUR'000 EUR'000 EUR'000

    Sales revenues:

    83,230

    215,652

    137,701

    (12,752)

    663

    424,494

    Sales to external customers

    77,990

    209,981

    135,860

    -

    663

    424,494

    Sales between and/or within segments

    5,240

    5,671

    1,841

    (12,752)

    -

    -

    Gross profit on sales

    28,463

    54,901

    32,084

    -

    (370)

    115,078

    Selling expenses

    (3,954)

    (17,094)

    (8,201)

    -

    13

    (29,236)

    General and administrative expenses

    (6,395)

    (12,824)

    (6,354)

    -

    (11)

    (25,584)

    Net profit on sales

    18,114

    24,983

    17,529

    -

    (368)

    60,258

    Other operating activities

    5

    (721)

    (194)

    -

    4

    (906)

    Share of profits of associates

    -

    29

    -

    -

    -

    29

    Operating profit

    18,119

    24,291

    17,335

    -

    (364)

    59,381

    -

    Non-cash items

    Depreciation and amortization

    (2,933)

    (16,316)

    (5,185)

    -

    (630)

    (25,064)

    Impairment losses on segment assets

    recognized in operating expenses

    (240)

    (5,119)

    (970)

    -

    -

    (6,329)

    Impairment losses on goodwill

    recognized in financial expenses

    -

    (31,176)

    -

    -

    -

    (31,176)

    Goodwill

    48,020

    68,184

    83,606

    -

    14,266

    214,076

    The above result data were translated at the average exchange rate for the 12-month period ended 31 December 2025 of: EUR 1: 4.2372, and the balance sheet data at the exchange rate as at 31 December 2025 of: EUR 1: 4.2267.

    In the current reporting period, the financial data of subsidiaries operating in Turkey have been restated due to hyperinflation. The Management Board analyzes segment operations and their financial data excluding the impact of hyperinflationary restatements. Accordingly, the impact of hyperinflation is presented in a separate column in order to reconcile segment data with the figures presented elsewhere in the consolidated financial statements.

    12 months ended 31 December 2024

    Banking Solutions Payment

    Solutions

    Dedicated

    Solutions

    Eliminations Hyperinflation

    Total

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    Selected financial data for the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2024, in a breakdown by operating segments:

    Sales revenues:

    314,312

    861,104

    548,100

    (43,129)

    27,797

    1,708,184

    Sales to external customers

    292,511

    845,976

    541,900

    27,797

    1,708,184

    Sales between and/or within segments

    21,801

    15,128

    6,200

    (43,129)

    -

    -

    Gross profit on sales

    104,926

    259,806

    68,899

    -

    8,437

    442,068

    Selling costs

    (17,511)

    (59,677)

    (33,389)

    -

    (1,534)

    (112,111)

    General and administrative expenses

    (27,131)

    (48,944)

    (27,125)

    -

    (2,144)

    (105,344)

    Net profit on sales

    60,284

    151,185

    8,385

    -

    4,759

    224,613

    Other operating activities

    78

    660

    1,277

    -

    49

    2,064

    Share of profits of associates

    -

    73

    -

    -

    -

    73

    Operating profit

    60,362

    151,918

    9,662

    -

    4,808

    226,750

    Non-cash items

    Depreciation and amortization

    (12,664)

    (62,030)

    (20,590)

    -

    (3,438)

    (98,722)

    Impairment losses on segment assets

    recognized in operating expenses

    (1,016)

    (5,075)

    (4,256)

    -

    -

    (10,347)

    Impairment losses on goodwill

    recognized in financial expenses

    -

    (15,482)

    (13,753)

    -

    -

    (29,235)

    Goodwill (restated)

    207,037

    393,196

    359,105

    -

    62,621

    1,021,959

    12 months ended 31 December 2024 Banking Solutions Payment Dedicated Eliminations Hyperinflation Total

    Solutions Solutions

    EUR'000

    EUR'000

    EUR'000

    EUR'000

    EUR'000

    EUR'000

    Sales revenues:

    73,024

    200,062

    127,340

    (10,020)

    6,458

    396,864

    Sales to external customers

    67,959

    196,547

    125,900

    -

    6,458

    396,864

    Sales between and/or within segments

    5,065

    3,515

    1,440

    (10,020)

    -

    -

    Gross profit on sales

    24,378

    60,361

    16,007

    -

    1,960

    102,706

    Selling costs

    (4,068)

    (13,865)

    (7,758)

    -

    (356)

    (26,047)

    General and administrative expenses

    (6,303)

    (11,371)

    (6,303)

    -

    (498)

    (24,475)

    Net profit on sales

    14,007

    35,125

    1,946

    -

    1,106

    52,184

    Other operating activities

    18

    153

    298

    -

    11

    480

    Share of profits of associates

    -

    17

    -

    -

    -

    17

    Operating profit

    14,025

    35,295

    2,244

    -

    1,117

    52,681

    -

    Non-cash items

    Depreciation and amortization

    (2,942)

    (14,412)

    (4,784)

    -

    (800)

    (22,938)

    Impairment losses on segment assets

    recognized in operating expenses

    (236)

    (1,179)

    (989)

    -

    -

    (2,404)

    Impairment losses on goodwill

    recognized in financial expenses

    -

    (3,597)

    (3,195)

    -

    -

    (6,792)

    Goodwill (restated) 48,452 92,019 84,040 - 14,655 239,166

    The above result data were translated at the average exchange rate for the 12-month period ended 31 December 2024 of: EUR 1: 4.3042, and the balance sheet data at the exchange rate as at 31 December 2024 of: EUR 1: 4.2730

  2. ‌Explanatory notes to the consolidated statement of profit and loss
    1. ‌Structure of operating revenues

      Selected accounting policies

      The Group is engaged in the sale of licenses and broadly defined IT services, and distinguishes the following types of revenues:

      • revenues from the sale of proprietary licenses and services,

      • revenues from the sale of third-party licenses and services, and

      • revenues from the sale of hardware.

        1. Sale of proprietary licenses and services

          The category of 'Proprietary licenses and services' includes revenues from contracts with customers under which we supply our own

          software and/or provide related services.

          • Comprehensive IT projects

            A significant portion of those revenues is generated from the performance of comprehensive IT projects, whereby the Group is committed to provide the customer with a functional IT system. In those situations the customer can only benefit from a functional system, being the final product that is comprised of our proprietary licenses and significant related services (for example, modifications or implementation). Under such contracts, the Group is virtually always required to provide the customer with comprehensive goods or services, including the supply of proprietary licenses and/or own modification services and/or own implementation services. This means that the comprehensive IT contracts typically represent a separate performance obligation to deliver to the customer a functional IT system. In the case of a performance obligation that involves the provision of a functional IT system, we closely examine the promise in granting a licence under each contract. Each license is analyzed for being distinct from other goods or services promised in the contract. Generally, the Group considers that a commitment to sell a license under such performance obligation does not satisfy the criteria of being distinct, because the transfer of the license is only part of a larger performance obligation, and services sold together with the license present such a significant value so that it is impossible to determine whether the license itself is a predominant obligation.

            Revenues from a performance obligation to provide a functional IT system are recognized over time, during the period of its development. This is because, in accordance with IFRS 15, revenues may be recognized over time of transferring control of the supplied goods/services, as long as the entity's performance does not create an asset with an alternative use to the entity, and the entity has an enforceable right to payment for performance completed to date throughout the duration of the contract. In the Management's opinion, in the case of execution of comprehensive IT projects the provider cannot generate an asset with an alternative use because such systems together with the accompanying implementation services are "tailor-made". The analysis carried out so far showed that essentially all contracts concluded by the Group meet the criterion of ensuring an enforceable right to payment for performance completed throughout the duration of the contract. This means that revenues from comprehensive IT projects, which include the sale of proprietary licenses and own services, shall be recognized according to the percentage of completion method (based on the costs incurred so far) over time of transferring control of the sold goods/services to the customer. Relatively small IT projects, which are usually completed within one year or generate revenues that are insignificant in the Management's opinion, constitute a specific case where revenues may be recognized in the amount the Group is entitled to invoice. The basic method of revenue recognition for these projects is the percentage of total costs incurred so far on a given project. In the case of projects where such approach is impractical for operational reasons or too expensive compared to the project size, the Group recognizes revenues after the completion of work is confirmed by the customer. Revenues are recognized on the basis of a sales invoice issued to the customer, unless such an invoice has not been issued at the reporting date. In such event, revenues are recognized through a posting instruction. The implementation time for the said IT projects may vary due to many factors of both internal and external nature. The most important internal factor is the availability of resources, in particular due to large-scale projects implemented at the same time. Whereas, the most important external factor is the availability of resources on the customer's part, without which it would be impossible to carry out a project either in the phase of defining the scope and requirements or testing the developed solution. Considering the above, it can be assumed that the duration of small projects is usually between 1 and 3 months.

          • Sale of proprietary licenses without significant related services

            In the event the sale of a proprietary license is distinct from other significant modification and/or implementation services, and thereby it constitutes a separate performance obligation, the Group considers whether the promise in granting the licence is to provide the customer with either:

            • a right to access the entity's intellectual property in the form in which it exists throughout the licensing period; or

            • a right to use the entity's intellectual property in the form in which it exists at the time of granting the license.

            The vast majority of licenses sold separately by the Group (thus representing a separate performance obligation) are intended to provide the customer with a right to use the intellectual property, which means revenues from the sale of such licenses are recognized at the point in time at which control of the licence is transferred to the customer. This is tantamount to stating that in the case of proprietary licenses sold without significant related services, regardless of the licensing period, the arising revenues are recognized on a one-off basis at the point in time of transferring control of the licence. We have also identified instances of selling licenses the nature of which is to provide a right to access the intellectual property. Those licenses are, as a rule, sold for a definite period. In accordance with IFRS 15, the Group now recognizes such revenues based on the determination whether the license provides the customer with a right to access or a right to use.

          • Maintenance services and warranties

            The category of 'Proprietary licenses and services' also presents revenues from own maintenance services, including revenues from warranties. Such services, in principle, constitute a separate performance obligation where the customer consumes the benefits of goods/services as they are delivered by the provider, as a consequence of which revenues are recognized over time during the service performance period.

            In many cases, the Group also provides a warranty for goods and services sold. Most warranties granted by the Group meet the definition of service, these are the so-called extended warranties the scope of which is broader than just an assurance to the customer that the product/service complies with agreed-upon specifications. The conclusion regarding the extended nature of a warranty is made whenever

            the Group contractually undertakes to repair any errors in the delivered software within a strictly specified time limit and/or when such warranty is more extensive than the minimum required by law. In the context of IFRS 15, the fact of granting an extended warranty indicates that the Group actually provides an additional service. In accordance with IFRS 15, this means the Group needs to recognize an extended warranty as a separate performance obligation and allocate a portion of the transaction price to such service. In all cases where an extended warranty is accompanied by a maintenance service, which is even a broader category than an extended warranty itself, revenues are recognized over time because the customer consumes the benefits of such service as it is performed by the provider. If this is the case, the Group continues to allocate a portion of the transaction price to such maintenance service. Likewise, in cases where a warranty service is provided after the project completion and is not accompanied by any maintenance service, then a portion of the transaction price and analogically recognition of a portion of contract revenues will have to be deferred until the warranty service is actually fulfilled. In the case of warranties the scope of which is limited to the statutory minimum, our accounting policy remained unchanged, meaning such future and contingent obligations will be covered by provisions for warranty repairs which, if materialized, will be charged as operating costs.

        2. Sale of third-party licenses and services

          The 'Third-party licenses and services' category includes revenues from the sale of third-party licenses as well as from the provision of services which, due to technological or legal reasons, must be carried out by subcontractors (e.g. maintenance of hardware and software and outsourcing services provided by their manufacturers). Revenues from the sale of third-party licenses are as a rule accounted for as sales of goods, which means that such revenues are recognized at the point in time at which control of the licence is transferred to the customer. Concurrently, revenues from third-party services, including primarily third-party maintenance services, are recognized over time when such services are provided to the customer. Whenever the Group is involved in the sale of third-party licenses or services, we consider whether the Group acts as a principal or an agent; however, in most cases the conclusion is that the Group is the main party required to satisfy a performance obligation and therefore the resulting revenues are recognized in the gross amount of consideration.

        3. Sale of hardware

The 'Sale of hardware'category includes revenues from contracts with customers for the delivery of infrastructure. In this category, revenues are recognized basically at the point in time at which control of the equipment is transferred. This does not apply only to situations where hardware is not delivered separately from services provided alongside, in which case the sale of hardware is part of a performance obligation involving the supply of a comprehensive infrastructure system. However, such comprehensive projects are a rare practice in the Group as the sale of hardware is predominantly performed on a distribution basis.

In the case of contracts that contain a component of providing a service or equipment, the entity considers whether such arrangements contain a lease (i.e. whether the entity conveys the right to control the use of an identified asset for a period of time in exchange for consideration). The Group has not identified any finance lease components within contracts concluded with customers.

Variable consideration

In accordance with IFRS 15, when the transaction price specified in a contract includes a variable component, the Group estimates the amount of consideration to which it expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to the customer. The Group includes variable consideration in the transaction price only to the extent that it is highly probable that a significant reversal of previously recognized revenue will not occur when the uncertainty associated with the variable consideration is resolved.

The Group is party to numerous contracts that include penalties for failure to perform or improper performance of contractual obligations. Such expected penalties may result in adjustments to consideration initially stated as a fixed amount. When estimating the amount of consideration to which the Group is entitled, the expected value method is applied, reflecting the probability-weighted amount of payments, including potential penalties and other contractually variable elements that could affect the consideration. This effectively may reduce the amount of revenue recognized.

Apart from contractual penalties, there are no other significant factors that may affect the amount of consideration (such as rebates or discounts), but in the event they were identified, they would also affect the amount of revenues recognized by the Group.

Allocation of the transaction price to performance obligations

The Group allocates the transaction price to each performance obligation (or distinct good or service) in an amount that depicts the amount of consideration to which the entity expects to be entitled in exchange for transferring the promised goods or services to the customer.

Significant financing component

In determining the transaction price, the Group adjusts the promised amount of consideration for the effects of the time value of money if the timing of payments agreed to by the parties to the contract (either explicitly or implicitly) provides the customer or the Group's company with a significant benefit of financing the transfer of goods or services to the customer. In those circumstances, the contract is deemed to contain a significant financing component. As a practical expedient, the Group does not adjust the promised amount of consideration for the effects of a significant financing component if it expects, at the contract inception, that the period between when a promised good or service is transferred to the customer and when the customer pays for that good or service will be one year or less.

A contract with a customer does not contain a significant financing component if, among other factors, the difference between the promised consideration and the cash selling price of the good or service arises for reasons other than the provision of finance to the customer, and the difference between those amounts is proportional to the reason for the difference. This usually occurs when the contractual payment terms provide protection from the other party failing to adequately complete some or all of its obligations under the contract.

Costs of contracts with customers

The incremental costs of obtaining a contract are those costs that the Group incurs to obtain a contract with a customer that it would not have incurred if the contract had not been obtained. The Group recognizes such costs as an asset if it expects to recover those costs. Such capitalized costs of obtaining a contract shall be amortized over a period when the Group satisfies the performance obligations arising from the contract.

As a practical expedient, the Group recognizes the incremental costs of obtaining a contract as an expense when incurred if the amortization period of the asset that the Group would have otherwise recognized is one year or less.

Costs to fulfil a contract are the costs incurred in fulfilling a contract with a customer. The Group recognizes such costs as an asset if they are not within the scope of another standard (for example, IAS 2 'Inventories', IAS 16 'Property, Plant and Equipment' or IAS 38 'Intangible Assets') and if those costs meet all of the following criteria: (i) the costs relate directly to a contract or to an anticipated contract with a customer; (ii) the costs generate or enhance resources of the Group that will be used in satisfying (or in continuing to satisfy) performance obligations in the future; and (iii) the costs are expected to be recovered.

Other practical expedients used by the Group

When appropriate, the Group also applies a practical expedient permitted under IFRS 15 whereby if the Group has a right to consideration from a customer in an amount that corresponds directly with the value to the customer of the Group's performance completed to date (for example, a service contract in which an entity bills a fixed amount for each hour of service provided), the Group may recognize revenue in the amount it is entitled to invoice.

Revenues other than revenues from contracts with customers (not subject to IFRS 15)

Revenues other than revenues from contracts with customers are generated by the Group primarily from outsourcing of IT hardware (e.g. ATMs, servers and POS terminals). Each time the Group determines whether all the risks and rewards incidental to the use of rented equipment have been transferred to the customer.

Estimates

As described above, the Group satisfies performance obligations, a large number of which (including those for the provision of a functional IT system) are measured using the percentage of completion method. Such measurement requires estimation of future operating cash flows in order to measure the progress of project execution. The percentage of completion shall be measured as the relation of costs already incurred (provided such costs contribute to the progress of work) to the total costs planned, or as a portion of man-days worked out of the total work effort required. Determining this measure of progress, and consequently revenue recognition, requires the application of professional judgment and significant estimates.

Similarly, estimates and professional judgment are required determine the expected revenues from contracts with customers where consideration is variable, such as when agreements include penalties for delays in delivering IT systems or related services.

Estimates of revenues other than revenues from contracts with customers are related to the assessment of the nature of contracts involving the provision of assets to customers (the Group acting as a lessor). Considering the fact that the lease term is in most cases shorter than the majority of the leased assets' economic useful life, and that significant risks and rewards incidental to ownership of leased assets have not been transferred to the Group's customers, the Group has concluded that these contracts are operating leases.

Operating revenues in the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 and in the comparative period were as follows:

12 months ended

12 months ended

31 December 2025

31 December 2024

PLN'000

PLN'000

Operating revenues by type of products

Proprietary software and services 1,397,506

1,274,639

Third-party software and services 82,162

143,981

Hardware and infrastructure 318,997

289,564

Total 1,798,665

1,708,184

i. Operating revenues of segments in a breakdown by type of products

Operating revenues of individual segments from sales to external customers by type of products during the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 and in the comparative period were as follows:

Banking Solutions

PLN'000

Payment Solutions Dedicated Solutions

PLN'000

PLN'000

Total

PLN'000

12 months ended 31 December 2025

Proprietary software and services 322,107 675,196 400,203 1,397,506

Third-party software and services 2,924 8,951 70,287 82,162

Hardware and infrastructure 5,737 203,487 109,773 318,997

Total operating revenues 330,768 887,634 580,263 1,798,665

Banking Solutions Payment Solutions Dedicated Solutions

PLN'000 PLN'000 PLN'000

Total

PLN'000

12 months ended 31 December 2024

Proprietary software and services 288,033 660,388 326,218 1,274,639

Third-party software and services 3,422 4,428 136,131 143,981

Hardware and infrastructure 3,543 192,444 93,577 289,564

Total operating revenues 294,998 857,260 555,926 1,708,184

  1. Operating revenues in a breakdown by countries where they were generated

    12 months ended

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    PLN'000

    31 December 2024

    PLN'000

    Operating revenues by countries

    Albania

    21,861

    20,211

    Austria

    18,333

    20,142

    Bosnia and Herzegovina

    233,168

    118,574

    Bulgaria

    21,379

    19,322

    Croatia

    226,534

    205,219

    Montenegro

    40,089

    28,960

    The czech republic

    23,062

    22,110

    Dominican Republic

    15,246

    16,491

    Spain

    154,157

    152,693

    Kosovo

    32,939

    28,105

    Macedonia

    88,711

    59,553

    Peru

    22,061

    24,056

    Poland

    6,384

    10,366

    Portugal

    48,624

    46,976

    Romania

    192,607

    201,855

    Serbia

    395,106

    397,311

    Slovakia

    14,124

    10,089

    Slovenia

    25,362

    29,449

    Türkiye

    168,346

    212,693

    Italy

    5,354

    8,896

    Other countries

    45,218

    75,113

    Total operating revenues

    1,798,665

    1,708,184

  2. Revenues from contracts with customers by the method of recognition in the statement of profit and loss

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    PLN'000

    12 months ended

    31 December 2024

    PLN'000

    Revenues from contracts with customers recognized in accordance with

    IFRS 15, of which:

    1,685,722

    1,607,238

    From goods and services transferred at a specific point in time

    412,220

    440,572

    From goods and services transferred over the passage of time

    1,273,502

    1,166,666

    Other operating revenues (mainly from leases)

    112,943

    100,946

    Total operating revenues

    1,798,665

    1,708,184

    Operating revenues not recognized in accordance with IFRS 15 mainly relate to the Group's revenues from ATM and POS terminal outsourcing services. Such contracts are treated as operating lease agreements, and the revenues from them are recognized in accordance with IFRS 16.

  3. Other performance obligations

    The table below discloses revenues that the Group expects to recognize in the future from performance obligations that are not satisfied or only partially satisfied as at the reporting date:

    Transaction price allocated to performance obligations to be satisfied

    within:

    PLN'000

    1 year 178,818

    Over 1 year 236,132

    Total 414,950

    Because the Group closely monitors its revenues for the next three years only, the amount disclosed in the line

    'Over 1 year' corresponds to revenues contracted for 2026-2027.

  4. Outsourcing contracts - the Group acting as a lessor

The Group implements a number of contracts for outsourcing of payment transaction processes. The total amounts of future minimum lease payments receivable under such contracts have been estimated as follows:

31 December 2025

31 December 2024

PLN'000

PLN'000

Future minimum lease payments

(i) within 1 year

119,028

106,797

(ii) within 1 to 5 years

80,395

49,870

(iii) within more than 5 years

6,088

3,782

Total

205,511

160,449

  1. ‌Structure of operating costs

    Selected accounting policies

    The Group discloses its operating costs both by nature and function. Cost of sales comprises the costs arising directly from purchases of goods sold and generation of services sold. Selling costs include the costs of distribution and marketing activities. General and administrative expenses include the costs of the Group companies' management and administration activities.

    Cost of goods, materials and services sold (COGS) represent the costs of purchases of goods and subcontractor services (excluding personnel outsourcing) used in the implementation of projects. Such costs are associated both with revenues presented as own revenues (regarding revenues from services that are performed by subcontractors, if the use of third-party resources results from the Group's decision that treats such third-party resources as a substitute for own resources), as well as third-party revenues (services that must be performed by third parties - mostly software or hardware manufacturers).

    Employee benefits comprise all forms of compensation provided by Group companies in exchange for services rendered by employees or upon termination of employment. For work performed by employees for the Group, the expected undiscounted value of employee benefits payable in exchange for that work is recognized in profit or loss. Beyond salaries, costs of employee benefits include paid absences, bonuses under the Group's incentive schemes, post-employment benefits, and costs of share-based payment transactions with employees.

    Estimates

    Due to the fact that the Group's costs are accounted for on an accrual basis, a portion of costs disclosed in the statement of profit and loss represent costs recognized as a result of estimates regarding, for example, the costs expected to arise from a bonus scheme offered to some employees of the Group companies.

    The table below presents operating costs incurred in the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 and in the comparative period:

    Operating costs

    Cost of goods, materials and third-party services sold (COGS)

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    PLN'000

    (536,247)

    12 months ended

    31 December 2024

    PLN'000

    (551,102)

    Employee benefits

    (650,239)

    (623,507)

    Third-party non-project services and outsourcing of employees

    (93,843)

    (85,778)

    Depreciation and amortization

    (106,200)

    (98,722)

    Maintenance costs of property and company cars

    (81,054)

    (72,823)

    Business trips

    (10,370)

    (9,473)

    Advertising

    (12,723)

    (14,334)

    Recognition (reversal) of allowances for trade receivables

    (17,046)

    (6,449)

    Write-off for impairment of tangible and intangible assets

    (9,771)

    (3,897)

    Other operating expenses

    (25,850)

    (17,486)

    Total

    (1,543,343)

    (1,483,571)

    Cost of sales

    (1,294,012)

    (1,259,667)

    Selling expenses

    (123,879)

    (112,111)

    General and administrative expenses

    (108,406)

    (105,344)

    Recognition (reversal) of allowances for trade receivables

    (17,046)

    (6,449)

    Total

    (1,543,343)

    (1,483,571)

    Third-party non-project services comprise consulting and advisory services not related to specific projects, as well as auditing, legal, banking, postal, courier services, and stock exchange fees.

    Maintenance costs of property and company cars include the costs of repairs of equipment and spare parts used for the executed projects, costs of repairs and maintenance of property, plant and equipment (including

    infrastructure provided under outsourcing contracts), maintenance costs of intangible assets, office space rental and maintenance fees, as well as maintenance of company cars.

    Other operating expenses include primarily telecommunications costs, costs of provisions for warranty repairs and onerous contracts.

    The significant increase in impairment losses on trade receivables in the current period compared to the comparative period is mainly due to the recognition of an impairment loss on receivables from Touras companies in India and the UAE in the total amount of PLN 9,586 thousand.

    The costs of impairment losses on tangible and intangible assets in the current year include primarily the costs of impairment losses on intangible assets recognized on the acquisition of Touras Indie and Askepnet in the total amount of PLN 9,454 thousand.

    Share-based payment transactions with employees

    Currently, the Group has two share-based payment plans as defined in IFRS 2 which are settled in equity instruments.

    2021 plan

    On 23 September 2021, Asseco International a.s. and managers of ASEE Group companies signed agreements for the acquisition of shares in ASEE S.A. The whole incentive plan covers 547,550 shares of ASEE S.A. which represent 1.06% of the Company's share capital. Members of the Management Board of ASEE S.A. as well as parties related through Members of the Management Board of ASEE S.A. acquired 341,336 shares in total.

    The above-mentioned agreements constitute an equity-settled share-based payment transaction as defined by IFRS 2.

    The purchase rights were vested on 23 September 2021. The purchase price was set at the market price on the acquisition date and amounted to PLN 40 per share. According to the concluded agreements, the managers shall exercise all the rights attached to shares acquired (dividend rights, voting rights, etc.) since the shares acquisition date, this is from 23 September 2021. The payment for shares shall be made in 9 instalments, the first one after signing the agreements and subsequently in 8 annual instalments, payable from 31 July 2023. Interest will be charged starting from the shares acquisition date till making the payment, in the amount of 1.5% + max (EURIBOR12M,0) on an annual basis. The amount of such variable component will be determined at the beginning of each subsequent annual interest period. The accrued interest will be paid each year along with the payment of consecutive instalments of the price. The right to pay the acquisition price in instalments is granted to persons participating in this plan provided they continue to serve in a managerial position at the Group and do not violate any material conditions of the agreement (among others, make timely payments according to the schedule, establish a pledge on shares acquired, refrain from selling these shares during the lock-up period, etc.). The managers are not allowed to sell these shares over a lock-up period of 5 years. The managers shall be entitled to make an early payment for all the shares acquired at the agreed price of PLN 40 per share upon expiry of a 4-year period, i.e. from 23 September 2025. Any unpaid portion of the selling price shall be secured by establishing a pledge on shares purchased by each buyer.

    The agreements also provide for put and call options, enabling the parties to resell or repurchase any unpaid shares.

    The fair value of this incentive plan was estimated based on the Black-Scholes Merton model. The value of option rights was measured using Monte Carlo simulation techniques combined with the linear least squares regression, i.e. the Longstaff-Schwartz method. The total fair value of the plan as at the rights vesting date amounted to PLN 1,984 thousand. The incentive plan costs will be accounted for, along with the corresponding increase in equity, as the costs of employee benefits and recognized in the financial results of ASEE Group for the years 2021-2029.

    The fair value of equity instruments awarded under the incentive plan has been measured based on the following assumptions:

    Market price of 1 share of ASEE on the acquisition

    PLN 40

    date

    Purchase price of 1 share PLN 40

    Expected volatility in share price 29%

    Expected volatility in EUR/PLN exchange rate 6%

    Interest rate on PLN 1.5% to 1.7%

    Interest rate on EUR -0.54% to - 0.40%

    The expected share price volatility of 29% was computed based on historical quotes of our shares in the period of six months preceding the date of the shares sale transaction, taking into account their average prices.

    In the valuation process, possible changes in the asset value resulting from the payment of dividends were taken into account. As at the valuation date, it is expected that dividends to be paid over the exercise period of purchase rights for ASEE shares will amount to PLN 1.00 per share annually.

    The options may be exercised within 1 year for shares to be paid up in 2026, 2 years for shares to be paid up in 2027, and 3 years for shares to be paid up in 2028. These periods were correlated with the lock-up period applicable to the sale of shares.

    The standalone financial statements present the costs related to the acquisition of 316,425 shares, including 280,000 shares acquired by Piotr Jeleński, CEO of ASEE S.A., and 25,000 shares acquired by Michał Nitka, Member of the Management Board of ASEE S.A.

    The costs of this share-based payment plan disclosed in the consolidated financial statements of ASEE Group for the year ended 31 December 2025 amounted to PLN 315 thousand, as compared to PLN 292 thousand in 2024. In correspondence, this transaction was recognized as a separate item of the Group's equity, in the same amount as disclosed in remuneration costs.

    2022 plan

    On 22 August 2022, ASEE S.A. signed agreements to sell shares in Payten Holding S.A. to the managers of ASEE Group companies. The whole incentive plan covers 426,571 shares of Payten Holding S.A. which represent 0.93% of the company's share capital.

    The above-mentioned agreements constitute an equity-settled share-based payment transaction as defined by IFRS 2.

    The purchase rights were vested on 22 August 2022. The purchase price amounted to PLN 22.57 per share. According to the concluded agreements, the managers shall exercise all the rights attached to shares acquired (dividend rights, voting rights, etc.) since the shares acquisition date. The payment for shares shall be made in 9 instalments, the first one after signing the agreements and subsequently in 8 annual instalments, payable from 31 December 2024. Interest will be charged starting from the shares acquisition date till making the payment, in the amount of 1.5% + max (EURIBOR12M,0) on an annual basis. The amount of such variable component will be determined at the beginning of each subsequent annual interest period. The accrued interest will be paid each year along with the payment of consecutive instalments of the price. The right to pay the acquisition price in instalments is granted to persons participating in this plan provided they continue to serve in a managerial position at the Group and do not violate any material conditions of the agreement (among others, make timely payments according to the schedule, establish a pledge on shares acquired, refrain from selling these shares during the lock-up period, etc.). The managers are not allowed to sell these shares over a lock-up period of 5 years. The managers shall be entitled to make an early payment for all the shares acquired at the agreed price of PLN 22.57 per share upon expiry of a 4-year period, i.e. from 23 August 2026. Any unpaid portion of the selling price shall be secured by establishing a pledge on shares purchased by each buyer.

    The agreements also provide for put and call options, enabling the parties to resell or repurchase any unpaid shares.

    The fair value of this incentive plan was estimated based on the Black-Scholes Merton model. The value of option rights was measured using Monte Carlo simulation techniques combined with the linear least squares regression, i.e. the Longstaff-Schwartz method. The total fair value of the plan as at the rights vesting date amounted to PLN 2,141 thousand. The incentive plan costs will be accounted for, along with the corresponding increase in equity, as the costs of employee benefits and recognized in the financial results of ASEE Group for the years 2022-2030.

    The fair value of equity instruments awarded under the incentive plan has been measured based on the following assumptions:

    Market price of 1 share of Payten Holding S.A.

    on the acquisition date

    PLN 26.06

    Purchase price of 1 share

    PLN 22.57

    Expected volatility in share price

    30-36%

    Expected volatility in EUR/PLN exchange rate

    6-8%

    Interest rate on PLN

    5.6%-6.5%

    Interest rate on EUR

    0.67%-1.26%

    Payten Holding shares are not listed and their market price has been computed by reference to the market price of ASEE shares. The expected volatility in the price of Payten Holding shares has been calibrated based on historical quotes of ASEE shares in the period comparable to the maturity of purchase rights.

    In the valuation process, possible changes in the asset value resulting from the payment of dividends were taken into account. As at the valuation date, it is expected that dividends to be paid over the exercise period of purchase rights for Payten Holding shares will amount to PLN 0.73 per share annually.

    The options may be exercised within 4 months for shares to be paid up in 2027, within 1 year and 4 months for shares to be paid up in 2028, within 2 years and 4 months for shares to be paid up in 2029, and within 3 years and 4 months for shares to be paid up in 2030. These periods were correlated with the lock-up period applicable to the sale of shares.

    The costs of this share-based payment plan disclosed in the consolidated financial statements of ASEE Group for the year ended 31 December 2025 amounted to PLN 357 thousand, as compared to PLN 413 thousand in 2024. In correspondence, this transaction was recognized as a separate item of the Group's equity, in the same amount as disclosed in remuneration costs.

    i. Reconciliation of depreciation and amortization charges

    12 months ended

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    31 December 2024

    PLN'000

    PLN'000

    Depreciation charges as disclosed in the table of changes in property, plant and (57,047)

    (51,349)

    Amortization charges as disclosed in the table of changes in intangible assets (26,560)

    (25,769)

    Depreciation charges as disclosed in the table of changes in right-of-use assets (23,257)

    (22,237)

    Depreciation charges on investment property (5)

    (32)

    Reduction of amortization charges due to recognition of grants to internally 669

    665

    Total depreciation and amortization charges disclosed in the statement of (106,200)

    (98,722)

    The table below presents the reconciliation of depreciation and amortization charges recognized in the statement of profit and loss with those disclosed in the tables of changes in property, plant and equipment, intangible assets, as well as in right-of-use assets:

    equipment

    generated licenses

    profit and loss and in the statement of cash flows

  2. ‌Other operating income and expenses

    Selected accounting policies

    In other operating activities, the Group discloses primarily income and expenses that are not related to our core IT operations.

    Other operating income and expenses in the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 and in the comparative period were as follows:

    Other operating income

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    PLN'000

    12 months ended

    31 December 2024

    PLN'000

    Gain on disposal of property, plant and equipment and right-of-use assets 855 1,476

    Rental income from office space 300 170

    Reversal of a provision for the costs of court litigation relating to other operations

    32 136

    Grants and subsidies received 222 311

    Gain from lease modification 152 97

    Other 1,219 1,420

    Total 2,780 3,610

    Other operating expenses

    12 months ended

    31 December 2025

    PLN'000

    12 months ended

    31 December 2024

    PLN'000

    Loss on disposal of property, plant and equipment (60) (97)

    Charitable contributions to unrelated parties (480) (409)

    Provisions created, including for the costs of court litigation relating to other operations

    (1,162) -

    Allowances for other receivables (3,264) (226)

    Other (1,652) (814)

    Total (6,618) (1,546)

  3. ‌Financial income and expenses

Selected accounting policies

Interest income comprises primarily interest on investments in debt securities (including loans granted and cash deposits with a maturity of more than three months). Such income is measured at amortized cost using the effective interest rate. Other interest income comprises interest on trade receivables, interest on leases, as well as discounts on costs (liabilities) accounted for using the effective interest method.

Interest expenses incurred on external financing obtained by the Group are charged at amortized cost.

Financial income earned during the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 and in the comparative period was as follows:

12 months ended

Financial income

31 December 2025

12 months ended

31 December 2024

PLN'000 PLN'000

Interest income on loans granted and bank deposits 8,899 7,779

Positive foreign exchange differences 9,182 7,996

Gain on exercise and/or valuation of financial assets carried at fair value through profit or loss

94 244

Gain on remeasurement of contingent consideration in a business

combination

139,190

6,452

Gain on remeasurement of liability for non-controlling interests (put options)

1,660

43,940

Gain on the net monetary position - hyperinflation

14,414

23,282

Other financial income

830

38

Total financial income

174,269

89,731

Gain on the net monetary position resulted from the inflation-related revaluation of non-monetary items in the statement of financial position and the statement of profit and loss of our subsidiaries operating in Turkey,

using the rate of inflation in the current year. Detailed information on such revaluation is presented in note 2.11.

Financial expenses incurred during the period of 12 months ended 31 December 2025 and in the comparative period were as follows:

Financial expenses

12 months ended

31 December 2025

PLN'000

12 months ended

31 December 2024

PLN'000

Interest expenses on bank loans and borrowings

(6,722)

(6,897)

Interest expenses on leases

(3,712)

(3,320)

Other interest expenses

(699)

(702)

Negative foreign exchange differences

(5,283)

(3,660)

Loss on remeasurement of contingent consideration in business combination

and/or acquisition of non-controlling interests

(426) (10,786)

Loss on remeasurement of liability for non-controlling interests (put options) (31,557) (3,437)

Loss on exercise and/or valuation of financial assets carried at fair value

through profit or loss

- (188)

Loss on disposal of subsidiaries (6,939) -

Dividends declared to non-controlling interests of acquisitions accounted for

using the present ownership method

(3,405) (6,971)

Write-down on assets held for sale resulting from previous hyperinflation

revaluation

-

(15,482)

Write-down on goodwill arising from consolidation

(132,097)

(13,753)

Other financial expenses

(54)

(25)

Total financial expenses

(190,894)

(65,221)

In the current year, the Group recognized a goodwill impairment loss of PLN 132,097 thousand, relating to the impairment of goodwill recognized on the acquisitions of Touras India and Touras Tech UAE. The impairment amount was determined based on the results of impairment testing. A detailed description of the transactions is provided in explanatory note 6.4 to these consolidated financial statements.

Dividends declared to non-controlling interests arise from acquisitions accounted for using the present ownership method and relate to the following subsidiaries: Ifthenpay, Helius, Avera, and Weo.

The loss on disposal of investments in subsidiaries relates to Mobven, over which the Group lost control on 11 February 2025 following the sale of all shares held in the subsidiary.

Positive and negative foreign exchange gains and losses are presented net (i.e., as the excess of gains over losses or vice versa) at the level of each subsidiary.

Gains/losses on remeasurement of contingent consideration for controlling interests in subsidiaries result from changes in estimates of deferred, contingent liabilities arising from the acquisition of controlling intrests in subsidiaries. In the current period, the Group decreased the contingent consideration liabilities for the acquired controlling interests in Touras India and Touras Tech UAE, recognizing a gain of PLN 134,053 thousand, which significantly contributed to the increase in remeasurement gains presented in the table above.

Gains/losses on remeasurement of liabilities for non-controlling interests (put options) arise from changes in estimates used to determine liabilities under put option agreements, where contract terms transfer the benefits of ownership of the equity instrument subject to the put option to the parent company (i.e., present ownership method).

In the comparative period, the write-down of assets held for sale resulting from previous hyperinflation revaluation related to the reclassification of Mobven's net assets to assets held for sale and their measurement at the lower of carrying amount and fair value less costs to sell. The write-down was fully allocated to goodwill recognized on the acquisition of Mobven, subsequently adjusted in later periods for hyperinflation in accordance with IAS 29 - Financial Reporting in Hyperinflationary Economies.

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