Appia Rare Earths & Uranium Corp · CSE:API
Appia Rare Earths & Uranium — Appia Energy — Technical Presentation (November 2017)
74 slides from Appia Rare Earths & Uranium's technical presentation, Nov 29, 2017
Slide 1: New Discoveries and Geological Perspectives for High-Grade REE Mineralization, Alces Lake
November 29, 2017 James Sykes and Irvine R. Annesley A clean energy company CSE:API, OTC:APAAF.US, Frankfurt:A0I.F, Munich:A0I.MU, Berlin:A0I.BE New Discoveries and Geological Perspectives for High- Grade Rare Earth Element Mineralization on the Alces Lake Property, Northern Saskatchewan
Slide 2: Forward Looking Statement
Forward Looking Statement This Presentation contains forward-looking statements which may include but are not limited to statements with respect to the future financial or operating performance of Appia and its projects, the future price of uranium, capital operating and exploration expenditures, su
Slide 3: REEs: Why Now?
REEs: WHY NOW? 3 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 4: Current Uses of REEs
Current Uses of REEs What are “critical” rare earth elements • Nd, Pr, Dy, Y, Eu, Tb • Scarce global supply, esp. outside China • High demand short- to long-term • Critical for high-tech applications • No replacement, recycling or re-invention EV’s, such as the Chevy Bolt, require 1 – 2 kg NdPr 4 ap
Slide 5: Impact of EVs on Commodities
Source: The Massive Impact of EVs on Commodities in One Chart– Visual Capitalist, Oct 22 2017) 5 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 6: NdPr Use in Electric Vehicles
1 kg NdPr (left) 2 kg NdPr (left+right) Modified after Source: Nickel: The Secret Driver of the Battery Revolution (Jeff Desjardins – Visual Capitalist, Oct 31 2017) 6 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 7: Location
Location 7 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 8: Geology
GEOLOGY 8 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 9: Regional Geology
Regional Geology Train Domain • Granite to granodiorite (Archean) St. Louis Fault • Host to at least 3 high-grade uranium deposits that produced over 45 M lbs. U3O8 20 km SW of Alces Lake Beaverlodge Domain • Granite to granodiorite (Archean) • Metasediments (Proterozoic) • Host to at least 18 high-
Slide 10: Regional Geology
Regional Geology Train Domain St. Louis Fault Beaverlodge Domain 2 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API View to NW
Slide 11: Property Geology
Property Geology BEFORE – AFTER – Government data from website 2010 and 2017 prospecting, 2016 VTEM 11 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 12: Property Geology
Property Geology Proterozoic Metasediments Pelitic gneiss Pegmatite 12 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 13: Property Geology
Property Geology Proterozoic Metasediments Quartzite w/ garnet Garnetiferous migmatite 13 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 14: Property Geology: Archean Orthogneiss
Property Geology Archean Orthogneiss Tonalite/diorite orthogneiss 14 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 15: Property Geology: Proterozoic Pegmatite
Property Geology Proterozoic Pegmatite (Unconformity) Mineralized pegmatite 15 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 16: Property Geology: Similar to Athabasca U Deposits?
Property Geology Similar to Athabasca U deposits? • Proterozoic metasediments, preferentially garnet-rich • Contact with Archean orthogneiss • PaleoProterozoic unconformity manifest as pegmatite • Pegmatite is mineralized 16 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 17: Structure
STRUCTURE 17 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 18: Regional Geology - Structure
D1 (Archean) • 2.6 to 2.5 Ga event Regional Geology - Structure • Upper amphibolite facies • Produced regional foliation 18 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 19: Regional Geology - Structure
D1 (Archean) • 2.6 to 2.5 Ga event Regional Geology - Structure • Upper amphibolite facies • Produced regional foliation D2 (Proterozoic) • 2.36 to 2.28 Ga events • Accretion of terranes to W Rae • Granulite facies • Produced • W/NW trending fabrics • Tight isoclinal folds 19 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 20: Regional Geology - Structure
D1 (Archean) • 2.6 to 2.5 Ga event Regional Geology - Structure • Upper amphibolite facies • Produced regional foliation D2 (Proterozoic) • 2.36 to 2.28 Ga events • Accretion of terranes to W Rae • Granulite facies • Produced • W/NW trending fabrics • Tight isoclinal folds *D3 (Proterozoic)* • 2.0 t
Slide 21: Regional Geology - Structure
D1 (Archean) • 2.6 to 2.5 Ga event Regional Geology - Structure • Upper amphibolite facies • Produced regional foliation D2 (Proterozoic) • 2.36 to 2.28 Ga events • Accretion of terranes to W Rae • Granulite facies • Produced • W/NW trending fabrics • Tight isoclinal folds *D3 (Proterozoic)* • 2.0 t
Slide 22: Property Geology - Structure
Property Geology - Structure Foliation Measurements • All foliations dipping between 60 to 75 degrees • S-fold and foliation variations supports fold BUT • “younger” rocks (Proterozoic metasediments” are dipping BENEATH “older” rocks (Archean orthogneiss) • Synformal anticline of re- folded fold 22
Slide 23: Regional Geology - Structure
Regional Geology - Structure Cross-section view Plan view erosional surface 23 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 24: Property Geology - Structure
Property Geology - Structure Cross-Cutting Pegmatites Pegmatite contact • Same orientation as fault zones and vein systems metasediments foliation • Some are mineralized, some not • Oriented 020 to 060/180 to 240 • Are these late-stage dilation structures? Lit-Par-Lit Pegmatites • Main mineralized t
Slide 25: Property Geology - Structure
Property Geology - Structure Major Shear • Eastern limb of fold • Long linear magnetic gradient 25 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 26: Property Geology - Structure
Property Geology - Structure Major Shear • Eastern limb of fold • Long linear magnetic gradient • Follows interpreted pegmatite • Orogenic ductile-brittle structure • Does this structure control mineralization and/or pegmatites? 26 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 27: Property Geology - Structure
Property Geology - Structure Cross-Structures • Interpreted cross-cutting structure orientations similar to field measurements • Orogenic ductile-brittle and/or post-orogenic brittle structures • Are these dilation structures? • Do they control mineralization? 27 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 28: Property Geology - Structure
Property Geology - Structure Similar to Athabasca U deposits? • Structural similarities • Main structure is mineralized along strike • Cross structures acting as dilation zones 28 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 29: Alteration
ALTERATION 29 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 30: Property Geology - Alteration
Property Geology - Alteration Dominant Alteration • Hematite and limonite • Localized and concentrated • Related to structure? …Yes? • Pre/post mineralization? …Post? • No direct correlation of alteration to mineralization Secondary Alteration • Sericitization of feldspars, chloritization of biotite
Slide 31: Property Geology - Alteration
Property Geology - Alteration Hematite taking advantage of Hematite within larger Massive limonite alteration cracks and voids within feldspars structures (i.e. brittle but monazite remains (i.e. brittle structures) structures) unaffected 31 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 32: Exploration
EXPLORATION 32 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 33: Previous Exploration
Previous Exploration • 1954: REE mineralization discovered by J.H. Wilson • Monazite-rich occurrences bounded within biotite segregations in 3 blast-trenches • Longest surface zone is 1.2 to 1.8 m wide by ~91 m long • 1966: Numac Oil & Gas visits the area • Reported high counts of radioactivity in m
Slide 34: appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
* See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREE results * * * * appiaenergy.ca CSE:API SOURCE: NORMAND, C. (2012): REE MINERALIZATION POTENTIAL OF NORTHERN SASKATCHEWAN II: RESULTS OF THE SUMMER 2012 INVESTIGATIONS IN THE OSHOWY-BUCHANAN LAKES, ENA LAKE, BEAR LAKE,
Slide 35: Previous Exploration
Previous Exploration • 2011: Appia acquires Alces Lake property • 2011: Prospecting by Appia/Scott Bell discovers additional REE mineralization around and north of Wilson trenches • 16% TREE* north of Wilson zone in new discovery • 2013: Continued prospecting by Appia/Scott Bell discovers more REE m
Slide 36: Recent Exploration
Recent Exploration • 2016: Appia flies VTEM-radiometric survey, identifies a high number of surface radiometric features 36 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 37: Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting • As per news release October 31, 2017 • Discovered 4 new zones of REE mineralization • Mineralization at surface • Grades up to 49.635 wt% TREO* over 0.95 m • All samples show uniformly high concentrations of critical REEs, especially Nd and Pr • Nd and
Slide 38: Terrain and Overburden
TERRAIN and OVERBURDEN 38 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 39: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Hilly terrain
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Hilly terrain Danny zone View looking NW NW Wilson zone Wilson zone Ivan zone 39 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 40: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Hilly terrain
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Hilly terrain View looking SE Danny zone NW Wilson zone Ivan zone Hinge zone 40 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 41: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Cliff faces and scree slopes
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Working on cliff faces and scree slopes Person for scale 41 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 42: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Outcrops covered with moss
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Outcrops and boulders, alike, covered with moss and lichen 42 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 43: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Digging holes and trenches
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Digging holes and trenches 43 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 44: Hinge Zone
HINGE ZONE 44 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 45: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Hinge Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Extensive hematite and limonite, minor chlorite alteration Variety of alteration and mineralization within a small area Section of 1.897 wt% TREO* over 1.5 m mzt mzt mzt mzt mzt mzt 8.730 wt% TREO* 45 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for
Slide 46: Danny Zone
DANNY ZONE 46 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 47: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Danny Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting Monazite clearly distinguishable in biotite-rich layers (<1 to 3 mm long)… mzt mzt mzt mzt 9.400 wt% TREO* 47 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 48: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Danny Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting …but even larger crystals and more concentrated in feldspathic parts of pegmatite (1 to >3 mm long) mzt mzt mzt mzt 13.626 wt% TREO* 48 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 49: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Danny Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting mzt mzt 11.953 wt% TREO* 49 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 50: Wilson Zone
WILSON ZONE 50 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 51: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Wilson Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting 6.616 wt% TREO* over 1.8 m 2.740 wt% TREO* over 1.35 m High-grade/low-grade boundary 18.242 wt% TREO* over 0.45 m 51 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 52: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Wilson Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting 9.066 wt% TREO* over 4.6 m Samples cross-cut foliation 1.431 wt% TREO* over 2.8 m High-grade/low-grade boundary 20.942 wt% TREO* over 1.8 m 52 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO result
Slide 53: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Wilson Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting 6.019 wt% TREO* 21.367 wt% TREO* over 0.5 m over 2.2 m 18.525 wt% TREO* over 2.7 m Samples follow foliation 53 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 54: Ivan Zone
IVAN ZONE 54 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 55: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Ivan Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting 49.635 wt% TREO* over 0.95 m Samples cross-cut foliation 55 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 56: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Ivan Zone
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting 45.914 wt% TREO* over 1.85 m Samples along foliation 56 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API * See slide 73 (Appendix 1) for individual element grades supporting reported TREO results
Slide 57: Summer 2017 Prospecting: Ivan Zone Structure
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting • Ivan zone is the only area that clearly shows brittle structures • Is Ivan structurally controlled? • Is structure responsible for high-grade REEs? Brecciated Shear kinematics/ Abnormally sharp contact pegmatite veins with mineralization 57 appiaenergy.
Slide 58: Mineralization
MINERALIZATION 58 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 59: REE Host Mineral(s)
REE Host Mineral(s) • Next 5 slides; work conducted by Mr. Howard Zip, MSc. candidate, has shown; “Economic and critical REE mineralization is hosted solely by monazite” • NOTE: these are still preliminary observation based on Wilson and Ivan zone samples from 2013 program Monazite hosted within qua
Slide 60: REE Host Mineral(s) - Monazite
REE Host Mineral(s) - Monazite • Average composition of 36 monazites from 4 samples, as determined by electron microprobe analysis (REEs in red) • 26.7% oxygen (O) • 26.0% cerium (Ce) • 12.3% lanthanum (La) • 12.7% phosphorus (P) • 9.2% neodymium (Nd) • 6.8% thorium (Th) • 2.8% praseodymium (Pr) Cri
Slide 61: REE Host Mineral(s) - Zircon
REE Host Mineral(s) - Zircon • Average composition of 34 zircons from 4 samples, as determined by electron microprobe analysis (REEs in red) • 48.6% zircon (Zr) • 34.9% oxygen (O) • 15.4% silicon (Si) • 1.1% hafnium (Hf) • 0.1% uranium (U) • <0.1% calcium (Ca) • <0.1% yttrium (Y) Critical REEs • <0.
Slide 62: Accessories – Thorium and Uranium
Accessories – Thorium and Uranium • Very small grains or aggregates of thorianite (Th) and uraninite (U) commonly occur in fractures and along the margins of large monazite cyrstals Th (U) aggregates • Thought to represent exsolution and remobilization of Th and U from monazite during late hydrother
Slide 63: U-Pb Isotope Age Dating
U-Pb Isotope Age Dating Monazites data-point error ellipses are 2s 0.41 0.39 0.37 2020 1980 206Pb/238U 1940 0.35 1900 1860 0.33 1820 *D3 (Proterozoic)* 1780 • 2.0 to 1.9 Ga events 0.31 Intercepts at • Collision of Slave and 0±0 & 1927.1±1.2 [±6.0] Ma Rae MSWD = 0.94 • Taltson-Thelon orogeny 0.29 • A
Slide 64: Possible Source
POSSIBLE SOURCE 64 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 65: Possible Source
Possible Source Can’t create REEs out of thin air so we must have an origin 65 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 66: Possible Source: D1 and/or D2
Possible Source D1 and/or D2 • Erosion of Archean orthogneiss to form sediments • Possibly elevated/concentrated with REEs? 66 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 67: Possible Source: D3
Possible Source D3 • Sediments metamorphosed • REEs form as monazite in anatectic melts • Do orogenic structures control emplacement of lit-par-lit and cross-cutting pegmatites, thereby concentrating REEs to this location? 67 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 68: What's Next?
WHAT’S NEXT? 68 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 69: Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting
Recent Exploration – Summer 2017 Prospecting • Massive radiometric halo • Believe there’s far more radioactive pegmatites to be discovered beneath overburden • Lit-par-lit pegmatites in a migmatite (multiple zones) 69 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 70: What's Next
What’s Next CURRENTLY • Need to fully understand mineralogy and metallurgy • Undertaking additional petrography, SEM, EBSD, microprobe SUMMER 2018 • Additional surface exploration • Trenching and overburden removal along mineralized strike at Wilson and Ivan zones • Define an area of mineralization
Slide 71: Natural Body Armour
Natural Body Armour Only on Alces Lake can you find “natural” body armour 71 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 72: Sincerest Thanks
Sincerest Thanks • Field Assitants: Danny Dzeylion and Kevin Cone • Appia: Tom Drivas, Frank van de Water, and Board of Directors • Co-Author: Irvine R. Annesley • SGS: Charles Normand • U of S: Dr. Yuanming Pan and Howard Zip And of course… …ALL OF YOU 72 appiaenergy.ca CSE:API
Slide 73: Appendix I
Appendix I Slide # Description La wt% Ce wt% Pr wt% Nd wt% Sm wt% Eu wt% Gd wt% Tb wt% Dy wt% Ho wt% Er wt% Yb wt% Lu wt% Y wt% HREE wt%* Th wt% U wt% TREE wt%** CREE*** wt% 33 6.358 13.872 1.156 5.780 0.867 0.867 28.900 N/A 34 pie chart 1 0.086 0.173 0.018 0.072 0.007 0.004 0.360 N/A 34 pie chart 2
Slide 74: A clean energy company
A clean energy company Exploring and developing uranium and rare earth element deposits in Canada's Athabasca Basin area of northern Saskatchewan and the historic mining camp of Elliot Lake, Ontario Appia Energy Corp. Suite 500 – 2 Toronto St. Toronto, ON Canada M5C 2B6 Phone: +1-416-546-2707 Fax: +
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