Slide 1: Solving Low Delta T Syndrome for Better Energy Efficiency
Solving Low Delta T Syndrome for Better Energy Efficiency Jon Hildebrand Strategy and Brand Management
Slide 2: Low Delta T Syndrome
LOW DELTA T SYNDROME The dark side of HVAC systems
Slide 3: The Paris Agreement forces us to limit global warming and lower greenhouse gases
The Paris Agreement forces us to limit global warming and lower greenhouse gases
Slide 4: Buildings use 40% of global energy, 25% of water, 40% of resources
Buildings are an integral and Buildings use about: elementary part of the • 40% of global energy global energy system • 25% of global water • 40% of global resources they emit 1/3 of GHG 4
Slide 5: HVAC is 33-39% of a building's energy use
For buildings to According to LEED be able to realize 33- 39% of a building’s their potential, energy use is HVAC they must first and foremost be Greenbuild estimates that energy efficient 6% of the world’s energy is used for cooling
Slide 6: Low Delta T Syndrome
As discovered in the Helsinki Report, buildings with central plants are far from being energy efficient Many suffer from a condition called Low Delta T Syndrome
Slide 7: More than half of buildings with a central plant suffer from Low Delta T Syndrome
Research suggests that more than half of buildings with a central plant are suffering from Low Delta T Syndrome
Slide 8: High awareness of the Low Delta T syndrome
Today, we can see a high awareness of the Low Delta T syndrome
Slide 9: What is Low Delta T Syndrome?
What is... Low Delta T Syndrome?
Slide 10: Low Delta T Syndrome may occur when…
Low Delta T Syndrome may occur when… coils and too much coils foul and water systems valves are not water is degrade with are not sized properly delivered age or lack dynamically proper balanced maintenance
Slide 11: A quick lesson on Power Output
A quick lesson on Power Output
Slide 12: For a constant load on the coil, flow and Delta T are inversely proportional
For a given/constant load on the coil, flow and Delta T are inversely proportional ሶ 𝑮𝑷𝑴 Power Output 𝑸 = 𝟓𝟎𝟎 ∙ 𝑮𝑷𝑴 ∙ ∆𝑻 ∆𝑻 𝑸ሶ in BTH/U and is constant
Slide 13: Power output increases with the flow
400.000 30 28 350.000 26 24 300.000 22 Power = BTUh 250.000 20 18 200.000 16 ∆𝑻 14 150.000 12 10 100.000 8 50.000 6 4 0 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Flow = GPM The Power output in BTUh increases with the flow
Slide 14: Delta T decreases as the flow to load ratio decreases
400.000 30 28 350.000 26 24 300.000 22 Power = BTUh 250.000 20 18 200.000 16 ∆𝑻 14 150.000 12 10 100.000 8 50.000 6 4 0 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Flow = GPM Delta T decreases as the flow to load ratio decreases
Slide 15: What happens when the coil receives more flow than needed?
400.000 30 28 350.000 26 24 300.000 22 Power = BTUh 250.000 20 18 200.000 16 ∆𝑻 14 150.000 12 10 100.000 8 50.000 6 4 0 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 Flow = GPM What happens when the coil receives more flow than is needed?
Slide 16: What happens when the coil receives more flow than needed?
400.000 30 28 350.000 26 24 300.000 22 Power = BTUh 250.000 20 18 200.000 16 ∆𝑻 14 150.000 12 10 100.000 8 50.000 6 4 0 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Flow = GPM What happens when the coil receives more flow than is needed?
Slide 17: The plant operates in the saturation zone with higher flow but no added kW
The plant will operate in the saturation zone with a higher flow, but no added kW Reduced Delta T
Slide 18: Costs of overflowing the coil
400.000 30 28 350.000 325 kBTU/hr 2 26 320 kBTU/hr 1 24 300.000 22 Power = BTUh 250.000 20 18 200.000 16 ∆𝑻 14 150.000 12 10 100.000 8 50.000 6 4 0 2 0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 Flow = GPM 55 GPM 65 GPM Costs of overflowing the coil
Slide 19: Pump Affinity Law for energy needed to increase flow
The energy required to increase the flow can be calculated using the Pump Affinity Law HP1: power needed for GPM1 3 HP2: power needed for higher GPM2 𝐻𝑃2 𝐺𝑃𝑀2 = 𝐻𝑃1 𝐺𝑃𝑀1 GPM1: flow in gallons per minute GPM2: flow in gallons per minute
Slide 20: Pump power is proportional to the cube of the flow
According to the Pump Affinity Law: power is proportional to the cube of the flow 1 2 ∆ BTUh 320,000 325,000 1.6% 3 𝐻𝑃2 𝐺𝑃𝑀2 = GPM 55 65 16% 𝐻𝑃1 𝐺𝑃𝑀1 PUMP HP increase = (65/55)3 65% HP
Slide 21: A 1.6% increase in cooling results in a 65% increase in pumping energy
A 1.6% increase in cooling results in a 65% increase in pumping energy 1 2 ∆ Pump Affinity Law BTUh 320,000 325,000 1.6% 3 𝐻𝑃2 𝐺𝑃𝑀2 = GPM 55 65 16% 𝐻𝑃1 𝐺𝑃𝑀1 PUMP HP increase = (65/55)3 65% HP
Slide 22: Effect of Low Delta T on the chiller plant
Low Delta T wastes energy at the coil. What effect can this have on the chiller plant?
Slide 23: At the chiller, flow and Delta T are inversely proportional
At the chiller, flow and Delta T are inversely proportional GPM 𝑻𝒐𝒏𝒔 ∙ 𝟐𝟒 𝑮𝑷𝑴 = ∆𝑻 ΔT Tons: Load at the chiller
Slide 24: Example: 500 ton chiller at design Delta T of 12
Example: At a design Delta T of 12 this 500 ton chiller will run at 100% capacity 𝟓𝟎𝟎∙𝟐𝟒 𝑮𝑷𝑴 = = 1000 𝟏𝟐 CHILLER 500 TONS
Slide 25: Example: Delta T drops to 8, second chiller staged on
Example: If the Delta T were to drop to 8 with the same 500 ton load, a second chiller will need to be staged on due to the additional flow 𝟓𝟎𝟎∙𝟐𝟒 𝑮𝑷𝑴 = = 1500 𝟖 CHILLER 500 TONS CHILLER 500 TONS
Slide 26: Maintaining design Delta T makes the central plant more efficient
If the Delta T could be maintained as designed, the central plant would operate much more efficiently
Slide 27: Solving Low Delta T Syndrome with Belimo Energy Valve
Solving Low Delta T Syndrome with Belimo Energy Valve
Slide 28: Success Story: Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT)
Success Story Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Average Delta T rose from If implemented campus wide 6 F to 12 F, reducing chilled annual savings were water flow by estimated to be as high as 49% $1.5 million
Slide 29: Success Story: Nanyang Technological University, Singapore
Success Story Nanyang Technical University, Singapore The peak chilled water flow through the cooling coil was Annual pumping energy reduced reduced from 25 l/s to 18 l/s 76,700-90,500 kWh 18.4% reduction in Annual cooling energy reduced average day-time flow 175,000 – 220,000 kWh
Slide 30: Success Story: Hillsdale College
SUCCESS STORY Hillsdale College Mossey - Library & Delp Hall Delta T was raised on average over 3.5F, Electricity consumption reduced reducing usage of chiller by by as much as 300 hrs/year 16%
Slide 31: The Energy Valve is recognized by the HVAC industry
The Energy Valve is an innovative solution recognized by the HVAC industry ACME 2016 Acrex 2015 ControlTrends 2014 ControlTrends 2012 Winner of Innovation Award Winner of award of excellence Energy Saving Product of theYear Best commercial product of the year 2015 Energy Show 2017 AHR Innovation Awa
Slide 32: A change of mind set is needed for building energy efficiency
To achieve higher energy efficiency in buildings a change of mind set is needed.
Slide 33: A building revolution is needed to meet Paris protocol and Helsinki report
A building revolution is needed to meet the requirements from the Paris protocol and the Helsinki report
Slide 34: Closing the performance gap of central plants
Closing the performance gap of central plants, will lead to the demanded efficient energy usage
Slide 35: The Introduction of Energy Valve 3.0 will provide
The Introduction of Energy Valve 3.0 will provide: Advanced Automatic Cloud-based efficiency optimization services For more information contact Belimo or visit energyvalve.com
Slide 36: energyvalve.com
For more information and access to useful tools and resources, please see energyvalve.com FIND US CONTACT WEBSITE BELIMO Holding AG Phone: +41 43 843 61 11 For more information Brunnenbachstrasse 1 Fax: +41 43 843 62 41 about Belimo visit CH-8340 Hinwil - Switzerland E-mail: ir@belimo.ch www.belimo.