Target : 2025 digital annual report (2025 Annual Report Target Corporation)

2025

Annual Report Target Corporation

Welcome to our 2025 Annual Report

To explore key stories of the past year and find out what's ahead, visit corporate.target.com.You can view our Annual Report online

at target.com/annualreport.

Financial Highlights

(Note: 2023 was a 53-week year.)

Net Sales

In Millions

Operating Income

In Millions

Net Earnings

In Millions

Diluted EPS

$93,561

$106,005

$109,120

$107,412

$106,566

$104,780

$6,539

$8,946

$3,848

$5,707

$5,566

$5,117

$4,368

$6,946

$2,780

$4,138

$4,091

$3,705

$8.64

$14.10

$5.98

$8.94

$8.86

$8.13

'20 '21 '22 '23 '24 '25

'20 '21 '22 '23 '24 '25

'20 '21 '22 '23

'24

'25

'20 '21 '22 '23

'24

'25

2025 Performance: -1.7%

Five-year CAGR: 2.3%

2025 Performance: -8.1%

Five-year CAGR: -4.8%

2025 Performance: -9.4%

Five-year CAGR: -3.2%

2025 Performance: -8.2%

Five-year CAGR: -1.2%

Total 2025 Merchandise Sales: $102,717 Million

15%

13%

24%

15%

15%

18%

Apparel & Accessories

Beauty

Food & Beverage

Hardlines

Home Furnishings & Décor

Household Essentials

To my fellow shareholders,

I'm grateful for the opportunity to lead this team and this company, as we work together to write a new chapter at Target. In my first year as CEO, my focus is on getting Target back to growth by playing our own game and making big changes to delight our guests.

Over the last few years, our results have been far from what we expect to deliver over time. However, in 2025, I'm proud

of how our team performed in the face of multiple challenges and positioned our business for profitable growth beginning this year. We know we have work to do, and that work is already underway. In recent months, we've engaged in a comprehensive review of our business, which reinforced our understanding of the distinct role Target plays in consumers' lives and the categories where we have the right to win.

That clarity is driving a refreshed strategy. We know we're at our best when we deliver the style, design, experience and value busy families crave, and when we do it with consistency. Our standard is to delight guests every time they shop with us.

Delight begins with sharp pricing, strong in-stocks and fast fulfillment. It's also the joy of finding something new and the confidence that the experience will be easy to shop, inspiring and friendly, every time. That's the bar we're setting for ourselves, and it's the filter guiding the choices we're making.

And we're moving with urgency. In 2026, guests will see and feel more change in what we sell and how we sell it than they have in a decade. This is our path to growth, and it is anchored in four priorities we're advancing in parallel:

Lead with merchandising authority.

We're doubling down on curation that blends style with value and offers a trend-forward point of view guests can trust. That means accelerating momentum in categories where we've had success, leaning into categories where we have a clear right

to win and bringing even more newness to our full assortment. This is how we earn more trips, build bigger baskets and strengthen loyalty over time.

Elevate the guest experience.

Product is the start, but experience is what turns a trip into a relationship. We're raising our standards in stores by

strengthening end-to-end reliability, investing in training and support for our teams, and continuing to improve product availability and presentation. At the same time, we're building an even more welcoming digital front door, so discovery is more personal, more relevant and more connected to the moments that matter for busy families.

Accelerate technology.

We're investing in technology and leveraging AI to make shopping more joyful and support our teams. That includes enhancing search, powering personalization through our loyalty ecosystem, strengthening our media and marketplace businesses and reducing friction for our store teams so they can spend more time serving guests.

Strengthen our team and communities.

Team and community will always sit at the heart of Target. We will continue to invest in our team through pay, benefits and training, so that every team member can grow their career with us. And we remain committed to showing up in communities through meaningful action, including the more than one million hours our team volunteered last year and the 5% in profits we give back to communities in products, cash and through the Target Foundation every year.

A clear strategy also means clear choices about where we will invest. This year, we're planning more than $2 billion in incremental investments across the business, including more than a $1 billion increase in capital expenditures from 2025 and another $1 billion in additional operating investments,

all in service of accelerating growth.

I'm confident in the road ahead because Target has something rare in retail: a powerful brand, a differentiated strategy and an exceptional team. We're excited to get to work, execute our plans and deliver results. And we'll keep listening, learning and adjusting as we go.

Thank you for your continued investment in Target. We're focused, we're moving with urgency and we're committed to delivering the next chapter of growth for Target and creating value for you, our shareholders.

Michael Fiddelke, Chief Executive Officer

1. 2023 consisted of 53 weeks compared with 52 weeks in all other periods presented. The extra week in 2023 contributed $1.7 billion to Net Sales.

2. We calculate Net Debt, a non-GAAP measure, as Long-Term Debt and Other Borrowings, Including Current Portion, net of Short-Term Investments. We believe Net Debt is a useful indicator of our level of financial leverage because short-term investments are available to pay debt maturity obligations. A reconciliation to the most comparable GAAP measure, Long-Term Debt and Other Borrowings, Including Current Portion, is provided above. Other companies may calculate Net Debt differently than we do, limiting the usefulness of the measure for comparisons with other companies.

3. See definition of comparable sales in Form 10-K, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations.

4. Represents Net Sales per retail square foot which is calculated using rolling four quarters average retail square feet.

(Mark One)

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

FORM 10-K

☒ ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the fiscal year ended January 31, 2026

OR

• TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from to

Commission File Number 1-6049

Minnesota

TARGET CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

41-0215170

(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)

1000 Nicollet Mall, Minneapolis, Minnesota

(Address of principal executive offices)

(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

55403

(Zip Code)

Registrant's telephone number, including area code: (612) 304-6073

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes No ☒

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically every Interactive Data File required to be submitted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit such files). Yes ☒ No ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of "large accelerated filer," "accelerated filer," "smaller reporting company," and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer ⌧ Accelerated filer

Non-accelerated filer Smaller reporting company

Emerging growth company

If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards provided pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has filed a report on and attestation to its management's assessment of the effectiveness of its internal control over financial reporting under Section 404(b) of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act (15 U.S.C. 7262(b)) by the registered public accounting firm that prepared or issued its audit report. ☒

If securities are registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act, indicate by check mark whether the financial statements of the registrant included in the filing reflect the correction of an error to previously issued financial statements. ☐

Indicate by check mark whether any of those error corrections are restatements that required a recovery analysis of incentive-based compensation received by any of the registrant's executive officers during the relevant recovery period pursuant to §240.10D-1(b). ☐

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes ☐ No ☒

The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of the registrant as of August 1, 2025, was $45,284,343,058 based on the closing price of $99.77 per share of common stock as reported on the New York Stock Exchange.

Total shares of common stock, par value $0.0833, outstanding as of March 4, 2026, were 452,855,589.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of Target's Proxy Statement for the 2026 Annual Meeting of Shareholders are incorporated into Part III.

PART II

Item 5 Market for the Registrant's Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities25

Item 6 Reserved26

Item 7 Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of

‌PART I

‌Item 1. Business General

Target Corporation was incorporated in Minnesota in 1902. Our corporate purpose is to help all families discover the joy of everyday life. We offer our customers, referred to as "guests," fashionable, differentiated merchandise and everyday essentials at discounted prices. We operate as a single segment designed to enable guests to purchase products seamlessly in stores or through our digital channels. Since 1946, we have given 5 percent of our profit to communities.

When used in this report, the terms "we," "our," "us," "Target," and the "Corporation" mean Target Corporation and its subsidiaries, collectively, unless the context otherwise requires or indicates.

Strategy

Target's strategy is grounded in our purpose to help all families discover the joy of everyday life and our ambition to be the most delightful experience in retail. We differentiate through design, style, and value, and a curated multi-category assortment delivered across stores and digital channels.

Our strategy is centered on four priorities.

Lead with Merchandising Authority. Curating design-led, trend-right assortments that combine quality, newness, and value. We focus on categories and brands where we can offer a distinctive and relevant experience for our guests.

Elevate the Guest Experience. Elevating the guest experience by making shopping easy, inspiring, and friendly. Our stores remain central to this strategy as destination-worthy environments and fulfillment hubs, complemented by digital channels that support discovery, inspiration, and flexibility.

Accelerate Technology to Enable Our Team and Delight Our Guests. Advancing technology, data and operational capabilities that enable personalization, improve execution, and support scalable growth.

Strengthen Our Team and Communities. Developing a future-ready workforce through skills, leadership, and tools that amplify human performance. We are also dedicated to working with communities and partners to make life better everywhere we do business, including continuation of our long history of financial giving and volunteering.

Through this strategy, we seek to strengthen relevance, deepen engagement, and deliver strong long-term financial performance.

The vast majority of our Net Sales are generated by the sale of merchandise to customers. Our strategy continues to leverage stores as fulfillment hubs, with stores fulfilling more than 97 percent of total Merchandise Sales in each of the last three years, which provides convenience for our guests at a reduced fulfillment cost. In addition to Merchandise Sales, we generate revenue from other sources, most notably advertising revenue and credit card profit-sharing income. Note 2 to the Financial Statements provides more information.

$105.8

$104.8

$102.7

$1.6

$1.8

$2.1

Merchandise Sales (in billions)

$105.8 $104.8 $102.7

$19.4

$86.4

$20.5

$84.3

$81.6

2023 (a) 2024 2025

Stores Originated Digitally Originated

(a) 2023 consisted of 53 weeks. The extra week in 2023 contributed $1.7 billion of Net Sales.

Merchandise Sales by Fulfillment Channel

2023

2024

2025

97.4%

97.6%

97.6%

2.6%

2.4%

2.4%

Financial Highlights

For information on key financial highlights, see Part II, Item 7, Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations (MD&A).

Seasonality

A larger share of annual net sales are traditionally earned during the fourth quarter because it includes the November and December holiday sales period.

Merchandise

The majority of our stores offer a wide assortment of general merchandise and groceries. Most of our stores larger than 170,000 square feet offer a variety of general merchandise and a full line of groceries comparable to traditional supermarkets. Our digital channels include a wide merchandise assortment, including many items found in our stores, along with a complementary assortment sold by Target and third parties through our Target Plus digital marketplace. We manage our business across the six core merchandise categories shown below. Within categories, gross margins vary depending on the type of merchandise.

Merchandise Sales by Category

2023

2024

2025

18%

16%

18%

18%

15%

15%

24%

15%

17%

15%

12%

23%

16%

15%

23%

12%

15%

13%

A significant portion of our Merchandise Sales are from national brand merchandise. Approximately thirty percent of our Merchandise Sales come from our owned and exclusive brands, including, but not limited to, the brands listed below.

We also sell merchandise through periodic exclusive design and creative partnerships, and shop-in-shop experiences, with partners such as Apple, Levi's, and Ulta Beauty, and generate revenue from in-store amenities such as Starbucks and Target Optical. CVS Pharmacy, Inc. (CVS) operates pharmacies and clinics in our stores under a perpetual operating agreement from which we generate annual occupancy income. In 2025, we reached a mutual agreement with Ulta Beauty to terminate our commercial shop-in-shop operating agreement when it expires in August 2026.

Global Sourcing, Import Operations, and Tariffs

Our global sourcing operations operate from offices in 13 countries and support the design, development, and manufacturing of merchandise sold across our stores and digital channels, with a particular focus on owned brands. These operations play critical roles in product quality and safety, cost management, and responsible sourcing practices.

Approximately one-half of the merchandise we offer is sourced from outside the United States, with China representing the largest country of origin for imported goods. We serve as the importer of record for most owned and exclusive, and certain national brand merchandise. As importer of record, we are responsible for customs compliance, including but not limited to, classification, import valuation, and payment of all applicable duties and fees.

We employ a range of tariff mitigation strategies, including supplier negotiations, sourcing diversification, and ongoing evaluation of assortment and pricing decisions. We also utilize permitted customs valuation methods, including the first sale methodology, for certain qualifying direct imports. We generally pay duties based on the price Target pays its vendors for the goods, and later seek refunds for qualifying transactions by filing first sale claims, a significant portion of which have processing and payment cycles that extend beyond one year.

Other Capabilities

We generate revenue through a variety of other sources, including Roundel, which provides advertising services to vendors and other third parties, including marketplace sellers; credit card profit sharing related to our Target Circle Card program; our third-party digital marketplace, Target Plus; membership fees; and others.

Customer Loyalty Program

We seek to drive customer loyalty and trip frequency through our Target Circle™ program, which provides benefits to guests that vary depending on their engagement with the program through one or more of the following offerings:

• a free membership providing deals and bonuses including instant discounts and Target Circle Rewards offerings redeemable on future purchases;

• Target Circle Card1 offerings that provide a 5 percent discount on nearly all purchases, free standard and 2-day shipping on eligible items purchased through our digital channels, and extended returns; and/or

• a paid Target Circle 360™ membership that provides access to unlimited same-day delivery on eligible orders over $35 from Target and other retailers, in addition to free shipping and extended returns benefits generally consistent with our Target Circle Card offering, and exclusive member deals.

1Target Circle Card offerings include Target Debit Card, Target Credit Card, and Target MasterCard (collectively, Target Circle Cards).

Distribution

Most merchandise is distributed to our stores through our network of distribution centers. Common carriers ship merchandise to and from our distribution centers. Vendors or third-party distributors ship certain food and beverage items and other merchandise directly to our stores. Merchandise sold through our digital channels is distributed to our guests through guest pick-up at our stores, via common carriers (from stores, supply chain facilities, vendors, and third-party distributors), and same-day delivery. Our stores fulfill the majority of digitally originated sales, which allows improved product availability, faster fulfillment times, reduced shipping costs, and allows us to offer guests a suite of same-day fulfillment options such as Order Pickup, Drive Up, and Same-Day Delivery.

Human Capital Management

In support of our purpose-to help all families discover the joy of everyday life-we invest in our team, our most important asset, by offering a rewarding experience grounded in growth, well-being, and a culture of care. As one of the largest private employers in the United States (U.S.), our workforce reflects a wide range of goals and expectations, from team members building long-term careers to students, retirees and others seeking flexible work in a supportive environment. We seek to be an employer of choice by attracting, engaging and retaining top talent who live our values and contribute to an inclusive and purpose-driven culture. To that end, we strive to foster a highly engaged team where all employees, referred to as "team members," have fair access to opportunities, feel supported by their teams and communities, and are positioned to contribute to positive experiences for our guests and to overall business results.

As of January 31, 2026, we employed approximately 415,000 full-time, part-time, and seasonal team members. Because of the seasonal nature of the retail business, employment levels peak in the holiday season. We also engage independent contractors, most notably in our Shipt subsidiary.

Our Board of Directors, through the Compensation and Human Capital Management Committee, oversees human capital management matters.

Talent Development and Engagement

We offer a compelling work environment with meaningful experiences and abundant growth and career-development opportunities. This starts with the opportunity to do challenging work and learn on the job and is supplemented by programs and continuous learning that help our team build skills at all levels, including offerings focused on specialized skill development, leadership opportunities, coaching, and mentoring. Our talent and succession planning process supports the development of a strong talent pipeline for leadership and other critical roles. We monitor our team members' perceptions of these development and engagement programs through a number of surveys and use those insights to guide areas of focus and improvement. We are focused on making Target a destination for talent by fostering a culture grounded in inclusivity, connection and drive, where team members feel supported and engaged. We believe inclusion and belonging for all is an essential part of our team and culture, reinforcing our values and helping fuel the growth of our business.

Compensation and Benefits

Our compensation and benefits are designed to support the financial, mental, and physical well-being of our team members and their families. We believe in paying team members fairly and regularly conduct a pay audit to confirm we are doing so. We also share pay ranges and benefit offerings on all US job postings and continue to expand visibility into these offerings. Our compensation packages include a starting wage range of $15 to $24 per hour for

U.S. hourly team members in our stores and supply chain facilities (who comprise the vast majority of our team), a 401(k) plan with dollar-for-dollar matching contributions up to five percent of eligible earnings, paid vacation and holidays, family leave, sick pay, merchandise and other discounts, disability insurance, life insurance, healthcare and dependent care flexible spending accounts, tuition-free education assistance, free mental health services, an annual short-term incentive program, long-term equity awards, and health insurance benefits, including free virtual health care visits. Eligibility for, and the level of, benefits vary depending on team members' full-time or part-time status, work location, compensation level, and tenure.

Workplace Health and Safety

We strive to maintain a safe and secure work environment and have specific safety programs. This includes administering a comprehensive occupational injury- and illness-prevention program and training for team members.

Working Capital

Effective inventory management is key to our ongoing success, and we use various techniques including demand forecasting and planning and various forms of replenishment management. We achieve effective inventory management by staying in-stock in core product offerings, maintaining positive vendor relationships, and carefully planning inventory levels for seasonal and apparel items to minimize markdowns.

The Liquidity and Capital Resources section in MD&A provides additional details.

Competition

We compete with omnichannel retailers, including department stores, off-price general merchandise retailers, wholesale clubs, category-specific retailers, drug stores, supermarkets, direct-to-consumer brands, online marketplaces, and other forms of retail commerce. Our ability to positively differentiate ourselves from other retailers and provide compelling value to our guests largely determines our competitive position within the retail industry.

Intellectual Property

Our brand image is a critical element of our business strategy. Our principal trademarks, including Target, our "Expect More. Pay Less." brand promise, and our "Bullseye Design," have been registered with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office. We also seek to obtain and preserve intellectual property protection for our brands.

Geographic Information

Nearly all of our sales are generated within the U.S. The vast majority of our property and equipment is located within the U.S. In addition to our administrative operations headquartered in the U.S., we perform additional administrative functions in Bangalore, India, and perform global sourcing operations from offices in 13 countries, predominantly in Asia and Central America.

Available Information

Our corporate internet website is corporate.target.com. Our Annual Report on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, proxy statements, and amendments to those documents filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (Exchange Act), are available free of charge on the Investors section of our website (corporate.target.com/investors) as soon as reasonably practicable after we file such material with, or furnish it to, the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (SEC). In addition, the SEC maintains a website (sec.gov) that contains reports, proxy and information statements, and other information regarding issuers that file electronically with the SEC. Investors should note that we currently announce material information to our investors and others using filings with the SEC, press releases, public conference calls, webcasts, or our corporate website (corporate.target.com). Information that we post on our corporate website could be deemed material to investors. We encourage investors, the media, and others interested in us to review the information we post on these channels. The information on our website is not, and shall not be deemed to be, a part hereof or incorporated into this or any of our other filings with the SEC.

Information About Our Executive Officers

Executive officers are elected by, and serve at the pleasure of, the Board of Directors. There are no family relationships between any of the officers named and any other executive officer or member of the Board of Directors, or any arrangement or understanding pursuant to which any person was selected as an officer.

Name Title and Recent Business Experience Age

Michael J. Fiddelke Chief Executive Officer since February 2026. Executive Vice President and Chief 49

Operating Officer from February 2024 to January 2026. Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer from November 2019 to October 2024.

Lisa R. Roath Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer since February 2026. Executive 48

Vice President and Chief Merchandising Officer, Food, Essentials & Beauty from January 2025 to February 2026. Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing Officer from July 2023 to January 2025. Senior Vice President, Merchandising - Food & Beverage from July 2020 to July 2023.

Melissa K. Kremer Executive Vice President and Chief Human Resources Officer since January 2019. 48

Jim Lee Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since September 2024. Prior to 51

joining Target, Mr. Lee held various leadership positions with PepsiCo, Inc., including as Deputy Chief Financial Officer from November 2023 to September 2024, Senior Vice President, Corporate Finance from October 2022 to November 2023, and Chief Strategy and Transformation Officer and Senior Vice President, PepsiCo Beverages North America, from February 2019 to October 2022.

Cara A. Sylvester Executive Vice President and Chief Merchandising Officer since February 2026. 48

Executive Vice President and Chief Guest Experience Officer from May 2022 to February 2026. Executive Vice President and Chief Marketing & Digital Officer from February 2021 to May 2022. Senior Vice President, Home from March 2019 to February 2021.

Prat Vemana Executive Vice President and Chief Information and Product Officer since February 54

2025. Executive Vice President and Chief Digital and Product Officer from October 2022 to February 2025. Prior to joining Target, Mr. Vemana held various leadership positions with Kaiser Permanente, including as Senior Vice President and Chief Digital Officer from July 2019 to October 2022.

Brian C. Cornell Executive Chair since February 2026. Chair of the Board and Chief Executive Officer 67

from August 2014 to January 2026.

‌Item 1A. Risk Factors

Our business is subject to many risks. The following risks, some of which have occurred and any of which may occur in the future, could materially and adversely affect our business and financial performance. These are not the only risks we face and there may be other risks that could materially and adversely affect our business and financial performance. Although the risks are organized by headings, and each risk is discussed separately, many are interrelated.

Competitive and Reputational Risks

If we are unable to positively differentiate ourselves from our competitors, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We attempt to differentiate our guest experience through a careful combination of price, merchandise assortment, store environment, digital experiences, convenience, guest service, loyalty programs, advertising, and marketing. Our ability to successfully differentiate ourselves depends on many competitive factors, including guest perceptions regarding our shopping experience, the safety and cleanliness of our stores, our ability to offer products at affordable prices, the desirability and exclusivity of our offerings, our in-stock levels, the effectiveness of our digital channels and fulfillment options, our ability to responsibly source merchandise, and our ability to create a personalized guest experience. If we fail to differentiate our guest experience from our competitors, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Consumers continue to migrate to digital channels and seek out multiple fulfillment options, which has affected the ways we attempt to differentiate ourselves. Since consumers can quickly comparison shop using digital tools, they may make decisions based solely on price or convenience, which could limit our ability to differentiate from our competitors. In addition, providing multiple fulfillment options, expanding our digital channels, expanding our digital assortment through third-party sellers on our Target Plus marketplace, and implementing new technology is complex, costly, and may not meet our guests' expectations. If we are unable to offset our investments in these or other initiatives with improved performance or efficiencies, our results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, if we do not anticipate and adapt to consumer behavior or developments and offerings by our competitors, we may not be able to compete effectively. For example, we may be unable to match or surpass the advances in technologies and capabilities (including artificial intelligence) that our competitors implement for consumer-facing platforms or for internal operations, which could adversely affect our competitive position. As technology (including artificial intelligence) in the digital retail market continues to evolve, new competitors may emerge due to lowered barriers of entry, which could negatively impact our ability to compete. Furthermore, generative artificial intelligence presents emerging ethical issues and could negatively impact our guests and team members. If our use of generative or agentic artificial intelligence becomes controversial or is ineffective, or if the outputs generated are inaccurate or controversial, our reputation and competitive position could be adversely affected. Consumers may also use third-party channels, devices, technologies, and capabilities (including artificial intelligence) to initiate shopping searches and place orders, which could make us dependent on the capabilities and search algorithms of those third parties to reach those consumers. Any failures or difficulties in executing our differentiation efforts or adapting to offerings by our competitors could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

If we do not anticipate consumer demand accurately and respond quickly to changing consumer preferences, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

A large part of our business is dependent on our ability to make trend-right decisions in a broad range of merchandise categories and offer those products at affordable prices. If we do not accurately predict consumer demand and quickly respond to changing consumer preferences and spending patterns, we may experience lower sales, spoilage, and increased inventory markdowns, which could adversely affect our results of operations. Our ability to accurately predict consumer demand and adapt to changing consumer preferences depends on many factors, including obtaining accurate and relevant data on guest preferences, successfully implementing new technologies and capabilities (including artificial intelligence), emphasizing relevant merchandise categories, effectively managing our inventory levels, and implementing competitive and effective pricing and promotion strategies. We have not always been able to accurately forecast consumer demand or react to rapid changes in consumer preferences and spending patterns, which has previously resulted in insufficient or excess inventory, increased inventory markdowns, higher costs (including for storage, transportation, labor, and other expenses), and adverse impacts on our results of operations. If we are unable to do so again in the future, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our continued success is dependent on positive perceptions of Target which, if eroded, could adversely affect our business and our relationships, including with our guests, team members, and vendors.

We believe that one of the reasons our shareholders, guests, team members, vendors and business collaborators choose Target is the positive reputation we have built over many years for serving those constituencies and the communities in which we operate. To be successful in the future, we must continue to preserve Target's reputation. Our reputation is largely based on perceptions. It may be difficult to address negative publicity or sensationalism across media channels, regardless of its accuracy or the reputability of its source, including as a result of fictitious media content (such as content produced by generative artificial intelligence or bad actors). Negative incidents (including those based on differing perspectives or opinions) involving us, our workforce, or others with whom we do business could quickly erode trust and confidence and result in changes in consumer behavior including consumer boycotts, workforce unrest or walkouts, government investigations, and litigation. Negative reputational incidents or negative perceptions of us could adversely affect our business and results of operations, including through lower sales, the termination of existing business relationships, challenges in obtaining new vendors, third-party sellers or business collaborators, loss of new store and development opportunities, higher costs, and team member engagement, retention, and recruiting difficulties. We have previously experienced negative perceptions of our business, which have adversely affected consumer behavior and our results of operations, and we could experience similar occurrences in the future. Any of these outcomes could negatively impact our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

We previously established, and may continue to establish, various goals and initiatives regarding environmental, political, social, and governance matters, including with respect to sustainability and human capital management. We have modified and concluded, and may continue to modify and conclude, certain of these goals and initiatives from time to time. For example, in 2025, we announced that we modified and concluded certain of our initiatives related to diversity, equity, and inclusion, which resulted in adverse reactions from some of our shareholders, guests, team members, and others, as well as consumer boycotts organized throughout 2025. Our establishment and continuation of any goals or initiatives regarding environmental, political, social, and governance matters, any modification or termination of such goals or initiatives, or any failure or perceived failure by us to achieve them, could result in negative reactions from our shareholders, guests, team members, vendors, and other third parties (including governmental entities and officials and non-governmental organizations) and lead to adverse perceptions of our business, consumer boycotts, litigation, investigations, and regulatory proceedings. In particular, certain federal and state officials and agencies have asserted that corporate initiatives regarding environmental, social, and governance matters, including with respect to sustainability, belonging, and diversity, equity, and inclusion, violate various federal and state laws. Although we believe that all of our corporate initiatives have complied with applicable laws, we could still become subject to litigation, investigations, and regulatory proceedings, including as it relates to corporate initiatives that have concluded. Any of these outcomes could negatively impact our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our shareholders, guests, team members, vendors and business collaborators, and other third parties (including governmental entities and officials and non-governmental organizations) have evolving, varied, and sometimes conflicting expectations regarding many aspects of our business, including our operations, product and service offerings, and environmental, political, social, and governance matters. Some of these individuals and organizations have expectations that Target offer or not offer certain products and services or pursue or not pursue particular environmental, political, social, and governance initiatives, including with respect to belonging and diversity, equity, and inclusion. We have previously been unable to meet some of those conflicting expectations, which has led to negative publicity and adversely affected our reputation. For example, we experienced adverse reactions from some of our shareholders, guests, team members, and others related to our assortment of Pride Month products in 2023 and other positions we have taken with respect to social issues, including LGBTQIA+ matters, which resulted in consumer boycotts and litigation. We may in the future take actions, or be perceived to take actions, that do not meet the conflicting expectations of some or all of our shareholders, guests, team members, vendors, business collaborators, and other third parties (including governmental entities and officials and non-governmental organizations) regarding various aspects of our business, including our operations, product and service offerings, and environmental, political, social, and governance matters. As a result, we may experience adverse perceptions of our business, consumer boycotts, litigation, investigations, and regulatory proceedings. Any of these outcomes could negatively impact our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

Reputational harm can also occur indirectly through companies and others with whom we do business or whose products we sell. We have consumer-facing relationships with a variety of other companies, including Apple, CVS, Disney, Levi's, Starbucks, and Ulta Beauty. In addition, we have relationships with third-party companies that sell and ship items directly to guests through our digital channels. We also have relationships with designers, celebrities, influencers, and other individuals, including for advertising campaigns, product collaborations, and marketing programs. If consumers have negative experiences with, or view unfavorably, any of the companies or individuals with whom we have relationships, it could cause them to not shop with us and negatively impact our results of operations.

Our business transformation initiatives may not achieve their intended objectives, which could adversely affect our competitive position, results of operations, and financial condition.

Beginning in 2025, we began a company-wide business transformation effort to increase speed and agility across the organization in support of our strategic priorities. This initiative is intended to simplify cross-functional ways of working, increase role clarity, leverage technology (including artificial intelligence) and data to enhance decision-making, and reduce costs. These efforts have required, and may continue to require, significant changes to the day-to-day ways of working of our team members.

The success of this initiative is subject to the related risks discussed throughout this Item 1A, Risk Factors, as it is interconnected with our broader strategy and further depends on, among other things, effective execution and change management. If our execution is ineffective, if adoption by our team members is slower or more limited than expected, or if the initiative otherwise fails to adequately support our strategy, our competitive position, results of

operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected. We cannot assure that we will achieve all of the intended benefits of this initiative, including anticipated efficiencies, cost savings, or operational improvements, or that such benefits will be realized within expected timeframes.

In addition, the execution of our business transformation efforts has resulted, and may continue to result, in additional costs, including impairment of long-lived assets and costs associated with exiting certain activities or terminating commercial relationships. For example, in 2025, we recognized costs and charges related to reductions in our workforce, facility exits, and the termination of a commercial partnership. Such costs and charges could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

If we are unable to successfully develop, source, and market our owned and exclusive brand products, our results of operations could be adversely affected.

Our owned and exclusive brand products represent approximately thirty percent of our overall merchandise sales and generally carry higher margins than equivalent national brand products. Our ability to source, develop, and market our owned and exclusive brands depends on many factors, including our ability to anticipate consumer demand and preferences and make trend-right decisions, our relationships with both established and new vendors, the availability and price of raw materials, product quality, and our ability to offer products at affordable prices. If we are unable to successfully develop, source, and market our owned and exclusive brands, or if we are unable to successfully protect our related intellectual property rights, our results of operations could be adversely affected. In addition, our reliance on owned and exclusive brand products may also amplify other risks discussed in this Item 1A, Risk Factors, because many of these products are imported and we are more involved in the development and sourcing of those products. For example, any failure of our owned brands to meet applicable safety standards or Target's or our guests' expectations regarding safety, quality, supply chain transparency, and responsible sourcing could expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation, result in costly product recalls and other liabilities, and exacerbate our reputational risks. In addition, owned brand products generally need longer lead times between order placement and product delivery and require us to take ownership of those products earlier in the supply chain. This requires accurate longer-term forecasting of consumer demand to effectively manage our operations, including for categories where consumer preferences may change rapidly, and exposes us to enhanced risks of supply chain disruptions and trade policy or tariff impacts. We have previously been, and may in the future be, unable to accurately predict consumer demand for our owned brand products. This has resulted, and may in the future result, in insufficient or excess inventory, increased inventory markdowns, and higher costs. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

If we are unable to protect against inventory shrink, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our business depends on our ability to effectively manage our inventory. We have historically experienced loss of inventory (also called shrink) due to damage, theft (including from organized retail crime), and other causes. To protect against rising inventory shrink, we have taken, and may continue to take, certain operational and strategic actions that could adversely affect our reputation, guest experience, and results of operations. In addition, sustained high rates of inventory shrink at certain stores have contributed, and may continue to contribute, to the closure of certain stores and the impairment of long-term assets.

We depend on seasonal moments and higher-margin merchandise to drive sales and net earnings growth.

Our business experiences some seasonality, with a larger portion of our sales traditionally occurring in the fourth quarter because it includes the November and December holiday sales period. In addition to the November and December holiday sales period, we also see increased sales activity during the back-to-school and back-to-college period and other seasonal moments throughout the year. As a result, any factors negatively impacting us during any of these periods, including weather conditions, natural disasters, macroeconomic conditions, consumer preferences, technological disruptions, and political or economic uncertainty or instability, could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition to a greater degree.

We offer our guests a multi-category assortment of everyday essentials and differentiated merchandise. However, we depend on sales of our higher-margin merchandise to drive net earnings growth. As a result, flat sales and sales declines of our higher-margin merchandise have previously limited, and may in the future limit, our ability to drive net earnings growth or result in a decline in our gross margin rate. Furthermore, we are subject to cyclical trends in

consumer spending, which may disproportionately impact sales of certain merchandise and result in lower sales for our higher-margin merchandise. Such trends have previously adversely affected, and could in the future adversely affect, our results of operations.

Our Roundel retail media network may not maintain or grow advertising revenue, which could adversely affect our results of operations.

Roundel, our in-house retail media network, offers advertising services on a variety of digital platforms primarily to our merchandise vendors, either directly or via advertising agencies, and Target Plus third-party sellers to promote their products and services. The digital advertising environment is highly competitive, and our advertisers do not have long-term commitments with us.

The performance of Roundel depends on a number of factors, including the size and composition of our merchandise vendor and seller base, levels of consumer engagement with Target-branded digital platforms, and our ability to maintain effective relationships with key search and social media platforms and third-party technology providers. If our vendor or seller base shrinks, consumer traffic to our digital platforms decreases, or we are unable maintain key relationships, our advertising revenue may fail to meet expectations or may decline.

In addition, changes in data privacy laws and regulations (as discussed elsewhere in this Item 1A, Risk Factors), as well as new or modified policies of third-party platforms through which Roundel's offerings are delivered, could negatively affect Roundel's business model. Increased competition, including from new or enhanced technology offerings such as artificial intelligence-enabled advertising solutions, may further pressure demand for our services. If advertisers reduce or discontinue their use of Roundel's offerings, our competitive position and results of operations could be adversely affected.

Investment and Infrastructure Risks

If our capital investments do not achieve appropriate returns or our efficiency efforts are not successful, our competitive position, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

Our business depends, in part, on our ability to remodel existing stores and build new stores in a manner that achieves appropriate returns on our capital investment. When building new stores, we compete with other retailers and businesses for suitable locations for our stores and available labor and materials. Pursuing the wrong remodel or new store opportunities and any delays, cost increases, or other difficulties related to those projects could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Furthermore, remodels and new store projects have previously been, and may in the future be, delayed or cancelled based on changes in macroeconomic conditions, changes in expected project benefits, the timing for required permit issuances or other regulatory clearances, and other factors, which could result in the inefficient deployment of our capital and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

We have made, and expect to continue to make, significant investments in our technology infrastructure, digital platforms, and supply chain infrastructure. The effectiveness of these investments can be less predictable than remodeling or building new stores, and might not provide the anticipated benefits, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. For example, our stores-as-hubs strategy depends on adequate replenishment facilities to receive, store, and move inventory to stores on a timely basis. Underestimating our replenishment capacity needs could result in lower in-stock levels or increased costs for temporary storage. Conversely, overestimating replenishment capacity needs, changes in macroeconomic conditions, changes in expected project benefits, and other factors have resulted, and could in the future result, in delays or cancellations of supply chain infrastructure projects. Such delays or cancellations have resulted, and may in the future result, in the inefficient deployment of our capital relative to our expectations, including as a result of carrying costs for facilities that are not being utilized. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

A significant disruption to our technology systems and our failure to adequately maintain and update those systems could adversely affect our operations and negatively affect our guests.

We rely extensively on technology systems throughout our business, including systems that we develop internally. We also rely on continued and unimpeded access to the Internet to use our technology systems. These systems are

subject to possible damage or interruption from many events, including power and other outages, telecommunications failures, third-party failures, malicious attacks, security breaches, unplanned downtime, program transitions, and implementation errors. Any damage or disruption to our technology systems could severely interrupt our business operations, including our ability to process guest transactions and manage inventories, which could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition. For example, in the past, we have experienced disruptions to the order fulfillment capabilities on our digital platforms and in our point-of-sale system that prevented our ability to process debit or credit transactions, which negatively impacted some guests' experiences and generated negative publicity. We have invested, and expect to continue to invest, in maintaining and updating our technology systems, but implementing significant changes increases the risk of system disruption. Furthermore, the technology systems that we develop internally may become outdated or ineffective and may be unable to match or surpass third-party systems. Problems and interruptions associated with implementing technology initiatives could adversely affect our operational efficiency and negatively impact our guests and their confidence in us. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Information Security, Cybersecurity, and Data Privacy Risks

If our efforts to maintain information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy are unsuccessful or if we are unable to meet increasingly demanding regulatory requirements, our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

As part of our business, we receive and store information about our guests, team members, vendors, and other third parties. We also rely extensively on information systems throughout our business. We have programs in place to detect, contain, and respond to information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy incidents. However, we may be unable to anticipate security incidents, detect attacks, or implement adequate preventive measures as cyber threats continue to evolve and cyberattacks become more sophisticated and frequent, including through the introduction of viruses and malware (such as ransomware) and the use of enhanced and rapidly advancing technologies and capabilities (including artificial intelligence) by threat actors. Cyberattacks are being carried out by groups and individuals with a wide range of expertise and motives. In addition, hardware or software that we develop or obtain from third parties may contain defects that could compromise information security, cybersecurity, or data privacy. Unauthorized parties may also attempt to gain access to our information systems or facilities, or those of third parties with whom we do business, through fraud, deception, social engineering, or other bad acts. Errors or malicious actions by our team members or contractors, faulty password management, and other vulnerabilities or irregularities could also overcome our security measures or those of third parties with whom we do business and result in a compromise or breach of our or their information systems. The utilization of hybrid and remote work by our team members, vendors, independent contractors, and other third parties has amplified our already extensive reliance on computing and information systems and unimpeded Internet access. Furthermore, the training we conduct as part of our information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy efforts may not be effective in preventing or limiting successful attacks.

We and our vendors face attempts by others to gain unauthorized access to, sabotage, take control of, and corrupt, our information systems and data. As a result of these types of attempts, both we and our vendors have experienced information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy incidents. None of these incidents has recently had a material impact on our business strategy, results of operations, or financial condition. But as we previously experienced a prominent data breach, additional information security, cybersecurity, or data privacy incidents could draw greater scrutiny. If we, our vendors, or other third parties with whom we do business experience additional significant information security, cybersecurity, or data privacy incidents or fail to detect and appropriately respond to significant incidents, our business operations could be severely disrupted and we could be exposed to costly government enforcement actions and private litigation. In addition, our guests could lose confidence in our ability to protect their information, stop using our Target-branded payment cards or loyalty programs, or stop shopping with us altogether. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

The legal and regulatory environment regarding information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy is dynamic and has strict requirements, including for the use and treatment of personal information. Complying with current or contemplated information security, cybersecurity, data privacy, data protection, and data processing laws and regulations (including reporting and disclosure regimes), or any actual or alleged failure to comply, could cause us to incur substantial costs, require changes to our business practices, and expose us to litigation and regulatory risks, each of which could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

Supply Chain and Third-Party Risks

Changes in our relationships with our vendors or other companies, changes in tax or trade policy, interruptions in our operations or supply chain, and increased commodity or supply chain costs could adversely affect our reputation and results of operations.

We are dependent on our vendors, independent contractors, and other third parties (including common carriers) to supply merchandise to our distribution centers, stores, and guests. If our replenishment and fulfillment network does not operate properly, if we are unable to timely import certain merchandise, if a vendor fails to deliver on its commitments, or if common carriers have difficulty providing capacity to meet demands for their services as has happened in the past, we could experience merchandise out-of-stocks, delays in shipping and receiving merchandise, and increased costs, which could adversely affect our reputation and results of operations. In addition, we have consumer-facing relationships with a variety of other companies, including Apple, CVS, Disney, Levi's, Starbucks, and Ulta Beauty. Any termination of, or adverse change in, our relationship with any of these companies could decrease our sales, increase our costs, and negatively impact our reputation and results of operations.

U.S. trade policy is changing rapidly and remains subject to uncertainty. In February 2026, the U.S. Supreme Court ruled that tariffs imposed under the International Emergency Economic Powers Act (IEEPA) were not authorized by the statute. The U.S. government then imposed additional, non-IEEPA global Section 122 tariffs. Any trade disputes or further changes in tax or trade policy, including the imposition of additional tariffs or duties on imported products or changes in tariff levels, between the U.S. and countries from which we source merchandise directly or indirectly through vendors could require us to take certain actions, including raising prices on products we sell and seeking alternative sources of supply from vendors in other countries. Approximately one-half of the merchandise that we offer is sourced, directly or indirectly, from outside the U.S., with China as our single largest source of merchandise we import. In particular, U.S. tariffs imposed or threatened to be imposed on several countries in 2025, including China, India, Vietnam and Bangladesh, and any retaliatory actions taken by such countries have resulted, and could continue to result, in us incurring substantial additional costs to procure a large portion of the merchandise we offer and impact the margin rate for certain products, raising prices on certain products, and starting new vendor relationships in other countries. Many of these tariffs were imposed under IEEPA and were subsequently impacted by the February 2026 ruling, though the process, timing, and amount of any potential refund recovery for such tariffs remain uncertain. We continue to closely monitor these developments and their ultimate impact on our business, results of operations, and financial condition, all of which may be adversely impacted. In addition, if our competitors do not keep pace with any such price increases or are able to offset the impact of tariffs through other actions, such as diversification in their mix of vendors, our competitive position may be adversely affected.

We also utilize a first sale declaration program, which is subject to rigorous requirements, to pay duties and tariffs to

U.S. Customs for merchandise on the basis of the price paid by our vendors rather than the price paid by the importer of record. Our program may be subject to inquiries, investigations, or regulatory proceedings by U.S. Customs. The amount of duties and tariffs that we pay to import merchandise could rise substantially if the U.S. government eliminates the availability of the first sale declaration methodology, if the requirements to utilize this methodology change, or if our ability to rely on this methodology is limited or eliminated. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

Political or economic uncertainty or instability, trade policies, disputes, or sanctions, currency fluctuations, the outbreak of pandemics or other illnesses, labor shortages, labor unrest or strikes, transport capacity and costs, inflation, port security, weather conditions, natural disasters, geopolitical conflicts, social unrest, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, or other events that have affected, and could in the future affect, foreign trade are beyond our control. These types of events have impacted us, and could impact us in the future, including by disrupting our supply of merchandise, increasing the price and limiting the availability of raw materials, increasing our costs, and adversely affecting our results of operations. For example, there have been periodic closings and ship diversions, armed conflicts, unrest, labor disputes, and congestion disrupting railways, trucking, waterways, and ports around the world, including at major U.S. ports where we receive a significant portion of the products we source from outside the U.S. We have from time to time made alternative arrangements to continue the flow of inventory as a result of supply chain disruptions in the U.S. and other countries. If these types of events recur and impact any of the locations or modes of transportation that we depend on, it could increase our costs and adversely affect our supply of inventory. In addition, prices of fuel and other commodities on which our supply chain depends are historically volatile and subject to fluctuations based on a variety of international and domestic factors. Rapid and significant changes in commodity prices, as have occurred in recent years, could further increase our costs and adversely affect our results of operations.

If services we obtain from third parties are unavailable, fail to meet our standards, or increase in cost, our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected.

We rely on third parties to support our business operations, including portions of our technology infrastructure (including certain generative artificial intelligence services), digital platforms, replenishment and fulfillment operations, store and supply chain infrastructure, delivery services (including by independent contractors via our Shipt subsidiary), guest contact centers, payment processing, digital advertising offerings, and extensions of credit for our Target-branded payment card program. If we are unable to contract with third parties having the specialized skills needed to support our operations (including as a result of any labor disputes or labor unavailability at such third parties), if any third-party services are interrupted, or if they fail to meet our performance standards, then our reputation and results of operations could be adversely affected.

In addition, we incur significant expenses related to our reliance on services from third parties. If we are unable to effectively manage these costs or if we face significant increases in any of these costs, our results of operations and financial condition could be adversely affected. In particular, for certain payment methods, including credit and debit cards, we generally pay interchange fees and other processing fees. Given the continued adoption of credit and debit cards by consumers, we have incurred, and expect to continue to incur, significant costs as a result of these fees. Any increase in these fees over time could significantly increase our expenses and adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Legal, Regulatory, Global, and Other External Risks

Our earnings depend on the state of macroeconomic conditions and consumer confidence and spending in the U.S.

Nearly all of our sales are in the U.S., making our results highly dependent on the health of the U.S. economy and

U.S. consumer behavior, confidence, and spending, which can be affected by a variety of factors, including inflation, interest rates, housing prices, unemployment rates, legal and regulatory actions, immigration policies and trends, household debt and wage levels, credit usage, and crime rates. In addition, the interconnected nature of the global economy means that events occurring domestically or internationally, such as geopolitical conflicts, social unrest, terrorist attacks, armed conflicts, public health crises, legal and regulatory actions, immigration policies and trends, energy availability, trade policies, disputes, or sanctions, and market volatility can all affect macroeconomic conditions in the U.S. A deterioration in U.S. macroeconomic conditions or consumer confidence or spending could adversely affect our business in many ways, such as negatively impacting consumer demand (which may disproportionately affect demand for certain merchandise), reducing sales (including our credit card profit-sharing revenue), reducing gross margins, and increasing our expenses, each of which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Uncharacteristic or significant weather conditions or natural disasters, the impacts of a changing climate, and other catastrophic events could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Uncharacteristic or significant weather conditions, including the physical impacts of a changing climate, and other catastrophic events can affect consumer shopping patterns, particularly in apparel and seasonal items, which could lead to lower sales or greater than expected markdowns and adversely affect our results of operations. In addition, we have significant operations in certain states where natural disasters (including hurricanes, tropical storms, floods, fires, and earthquakes) are more prevalent. Natural disasters in those states or in other areas where we operate has previously resulted, and could in the future result, in significant physical damage to, or closure of, one or more of our stores, distribution centers, facilities, or key vendors. Furthermore, weather conditions, natural disasters, and other catastrophic events in areas where we or our vendors operate, or depend upon for continued operations, have adversely affected, and could in the future adversely affect, the availability and cost of certain products within our supply chain, consumer purchasing power, and consumer demand. Additionally, acts of violence and other crimes, including active shooter situations, at or around our stores, distribution centers, or other facilities have, and may in the future, negatively impact the safety and security of our workforce and guests, damage our facilities, or harm our reputation. Any of these events could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

The potential impacts of a changing climate may be widespread and unpredictable and present a variety of risks in the short-term and long-term. The physical effects of a changing climate, such as natural disasters, extreme weather conditions, drought or water scarcity, and rising sea levels, could adversely affect our results of operations, including by increasing our energy costs, disrupting our supply chain, negatively impacting our workforce, damaging our stores, distribution centers, and inventory, and threatening the habitability of the locations in which we operate. In addition to physical risks, the potential impacts of a changing climate also present transition risks, including regulatory and reputational risks. For example, we use commodities and energy inputs in our operations that may face increased regulation due to a changing climate or other environmental concerns, which could increase our costs. Furthermore, our establishment and continuation of our goals and initiatives to create a more resilient business, or any modification, conclusion, failure, or perceived failure by us to achieve them, or to otherwise meet evolving, varied, and sometimes conflicting expectations from our shareholders, guests, team members, vendors, and other third parties (including governmental entities and officials and non-governmental organizations) regarding the environment and our goals and initiatives to create a more resilient business, could lead to adverse perceptions of our business, consumer boycotts, litigation, investigations, and regulatory proceedings. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

We rely on a large, global, and changing workforce of team members, contractors, and temporary staffing. If we do not effectively manage our workforce, our labor costs and results of operations could be adversely affected.

With over 400,000 team members, our workforce costs represent our largest operating expense, and our business is dependent on our ability to attract, train, and retain the appropriate mix of qualified team members, contractors, and temporary staffing. Many team members are in entry-level or part-time positions with high turnover rates historically. In addition, the continuous advancements in automation and artificial intelligence capabilities will continue to impact the skills required in our workforce, and our recruiting and training needs must evolve to maintain pace. Our ability to meet our changing labor needs while controlling our costs is subject to external factors such as labor laws and regulations, labor availability, unemployment levels, prevailing wage rates, benefit costs, changing demographics, immigration laws and regulations, and our reputation within the labor market. If we are unable to attract, train and retain a workforce meeting our needs (including for specialized roles with significant competition for talent) or are unable to successfully execute on succession planning at all levels of the organization, our operations, strategy, guest service levels, support functions, and competitiveness could suffer. Any of these outcomes could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition. We are periodically subject to labor organizing efforts and activism, which could negatively impact how we are perceived by team members and our overall reputation. If we become subject to one or more collective bargaining agreements in the future, it could adversely affect our labor costs, how we operate our business, and our results of operations. In addition to our U.S. operations, we perform additional administrative functions in Bangalore, India, and perform global sourcing operations from offices in 12 countries, predominantly in Asia and Central America, and any extended disruption of our operations in our different locations, whether due to labor difficulties or otherwise, could adversely affect our results of operations. In particular, we rely on our administrative functions in India for various business operations and any events that negatively impact the availability or effectiveness of our administrative functions in India, including political or economic uncertainty or instability, the outbreak of pandemics or other illnesses, labor shortages, labor unrest or strikes, weather conditions, natural disasters, geopolitical conflicts, social unrest, terrorist attacks, and armed conflicts, could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Shareholder activism could adversely affect our business, strategic execution, and stock price.

We regularly engage with shareholders with a goal of strengthening our business. From time to time, shareholders may pursue public or private campaigns to influence our corporate strategy, capital allocation, or environmental, political, social, and governance matters. Any such activist campaigns, including rumors of such campaigns, could result in increased costs, including legal expenses, and diversion of management and board attention. Public activism campaigns may also create actual or perceived uncertainty regarding our strategic direction, which could impair relationships with guests, suppliers, team members, and others, or cause volatility in our stock price that is not reflective of our underlying business fundamentals. These risks could adversely impact our reputation, ability to execute on strategic objectives, results of operations, and financial condition.

Failure to address product safety and sourcing concerns could adversely affect our results of operations.

If any of our merchandise offerings do not meet applicable safety standards or Target's or our guests' expectations regarding safety, supply chain transparency, and responsible sourcing, we could be exposed to legal and reputational risks and our results of operations could be adversely affected. Our vendors and third-party sellers must comply with applicable product safety laws, and we are dependent on them to ensure that the products we buy or offer, respectively, comply with all safety standards. Events that give rise to actual or perceived product safety concerns, including food or drug contamination and product defects, could expose us to government enforcement actions and private litigation and result in costly product recalls and other liabilities. Our sourcing vendors, including any third parties selling through our digital channels, must also meet our expectations and comply with applicable laws and regulations across multiple areas of social compliance, including supply chain transparency and responsible sourcing. We have a social compliance audit process that performs audits regularly, but we cannot continuously monitor every vendor and third-party seller, so we are also dependent on them to ensure that the products we buy or offer comply with applicable standards. If we need to seek alternative sources of supply from vendors with whom we have less familiarity, including to diversify the geographic locations of our vendors to mitigate the impacts of tariffs or other trade policies, the risk of these standards not being met may increase. Negative guest perceptions regarding the safety and sourcing of the products we sell could harm our reputation and adversely affect our results of operations.

Our failure to comply with applicable laws, or changes in these laws, could adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

Our business is subject to a wide variety of complex foreign, national, state, and local laws and regulations.

Our expenses could increase and our operations could be adversely affected by changes in law or adverse judicial developments involving our workforce, including an employer's obligation to recognize collective bargaining units, minimum wage requirements, advance scheduling notice requirements, health care or other mandates, the classification of exempt and non-exempt employees, and the classification of workers as either employees or independent contractors. The classification of workers as employees or independent contractors, in particular, is an area that has experienced legal challenges and legislative changes. Our Shipt subsidiary, which facilitates delivery services (including same-day delivery to our guests), has faced, and continues to face, legal challenges to its worker classification. If, as a result of judicial decisions or legislation, Shipt is required to treat its network of independent contractors as employees, we may experience higher digital fulfillment costs, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

There have been, and may continue to be, changes in the legal or regulatory environment (including as a result of executive orders) affecting many areas related to our business, including merchandise costs and availability, customs and trade policy (including the impacts of our first sale declaration program), workforce availability, transport costs and capacity, information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy, supply chain requirements, product safety, product quality, payment methods, environmental, social, and governance matters (including sustainability, belonging, and diversity, equity, and inclusion), and climate and emissions disclosure. Changes in the environment may occur rapidly. The ultimate impact of any changes in the legal or regulatory environment is not possible to predict and could negatively affect our results of operations and financial condition, including by increasing our expenses, reducing consumer demand for our products and services, limiting workforce availability for us and our vendors, and resulting in litigation, investigations, and regulatory proceedings against us. In addition, if we are unable or perceived to be unable to comply with any changes in the legal or regulatory environment, our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition could be adversely affected. Furthermore, if we fail to comply with other applicable laws and regulations, including the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and other anti-bribery laws, anti-money laundering laws, import restrictions, responsible sourcing laws, and sanctions programs, we could be subject to legal and reputational risks, including government enforcement actions and private litigation, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

Litigation and other legal proceedings may adversely affect our reputation, results of operations, and financial condition.

We are regularly involved in a variety of legal proceedings, including litigation, arbitration, claims, investigations, and inquiries. The frequency of any such proceedings could increase in the future. These proceedings relate to a wide range of matters, including commercial disputes, employment, environmental, social, and governance matters, intellectual property rights, personal injury, shareholder actions, securities claims, and matters relating to our compliance with applicable laws and regulations. These matters are inherently uncertain, and we may not be successful in defending ourselves. Determining applicable reserves and possible losses related to such matters involves judgment and may not reflect the full range of uncertainties and unpredictable outcomes. In addition, our assessment of the materiality and likely outcome of these matters may not be consistent with the ultimate outcome of such matters. Responding to these matters has required, and may in the future require, us to devote significant resources and incur significant expenses, even for those that are non-meritorious, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Any of these proceedings could also generate negative publicity that adversely affects our reputation.

RISK FACTORS & UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Financial Risks

Increases in our effective income tax rate could adversely affect our results of operations.

Several factors influence our effective income tax rate, including domestic and international tax laws and regulations, the related interpretations, the continued availability of purchased tax credits, and our ability to sustain our reporting positions on examination. Changes in any of those factors could change our effective tax rate, which could adversely affect our net earnings. In addition, changes in our operations both in and outside of the U.S. may cause greater volatility in our effective tax rate. Furthermore, we are subject to regular reviews and ongoing audits by both domestic and international tax authorities. For example, the IRS is auditing certain aspects of our intercompany transfer pricing for fiscal years 2021 and 2022. Although we believe our tax positions and estimates are reasonable and we review and maintain adequate reserves, the ultimate tax outcome could differ significantly from our recorded tax amounts and could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition.

If we are unable to access the capital markets or obtain bank credit, our financial condition and results of operations could suffer.

We are dependent on a stable, liquid, and well-functioning financial system to fund our operations and capital investments. Our continued access to financial markets depends on multiple factors including the condition of debt capital markets, the condition of the banking sector, our operating performance, and our credit ratings. If rating agencies lower our credit ratings, it could adversely affect our ability to access the debt markets, our cost of funds, and other terms for new debt issuances and borrowings. Each of the credit rating agencies reviews its rating periodically, and there is no guarantee that our current credit ratings will remain the same. In addition, we use a variety of derivative products to manage our exposure to market risk, principally interest rate fluctuations. Disruptions or turmoil in the financial markets could reduce our ability to fund our operations and capital investments and lead to losses on derivative positions from counterparty failures, which could adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.

If we fail to achieve our projected results or otherwise fail to meet market expectations regarding our financial performance, the price of our stock could be volatile or adversely affected.

Our results of operations have previously fluctuated from quarter to quarter, sometimes significantly, and may do so again in the future. If we fail to achieve our projected results, if our guidance is not aligned with market expectations, if we modify our guidance, if we modify our share repurchase program or our approach to dividend distributions, or if we fail to meet the expectations of investors or securities analysts, our stock price may decline (as it has at times in recent years), and the decrease in the stock price may be disproportionate to any shortfall in our financial performance. Additionally, factors such as performance results for our competitors and news or announcements by us, our competitors, and other third parties (including governmental entities and officials and non-governmental organizations) may result in a decline and volatility in our stock price.

‌Item 1B. Unresolved Staff Comments

Not applicable.

‌Item 1C. Cybersecurity.

Set forth below is information regarding our cybersecurity risk management, strategy, and governance, along with a related description of our information security and data privacy practices.

Securing company systems, business information, and personal information of our guests, team members, vendors, and other third parties is important to us. We have systems in place to:

• safely receive, protect, and store that information;

• collect, use, and share that information appropriately; and

• detect, contain, and respond to information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy incidents.

  While everyone at Target plays a part in information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy, oversight responsibility is shared by our Board of Directors, its committees, and management.

  Responsible party Oversight of information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy Board of Directors Oversight of these topics within Target's overall risks

  Audit & Risk Committee Primary oversight responsibility for information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy, including internal controls designed to identify, assess, and manage risks related to these topics

  Management Our Chief Information and Product Officer, Chief Information Security Officer, and other senior members of our cybersecurity, risk, and compliance and ethics teams are responsible for identifying, assessing, and managing risks related to these topics, and reporting to the Audit & Risk Committee and/or the full Board of Directors

  Our program and practices regarding information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy include the following:

• Audit & Risk Committee and Board of Directors updates. To inform and educate the Audit & Risk Committee in its primary oversight responsibility for information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy, management provides updates on these topics. For example, the Chief Information Security Officer addresses information security risks and controls, cyber threats, and other program updates, and senior members of the risk team provide enterprise risk management program updates. In addition, the Board of Directors receives updates from management regarding Target's overall risks, which include risks related to these topics.

• Integration into enterprise risk management program. By aligning the identification, assessment, and management of risks related to information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy with our overall approach to risk oversight by the Board of Directors, its committees, and management, we have integrated these practices into our enterprise risk management program.

• Management expertise. Our Chief Information and Product Officer leads the strategic direction and management of Target's product and engineering teams. He is responsible for Target's enterprise technology systems and oversees Target's cybersecurity, data platforms, data science, infrastructure, product engineering, and enterprise product teams. He previously served as Target's Chief Digital and Product Officer and held a variety of leadership roles in enterprise technology and product management prior to joining Target. He has developed significant knowledge and skills regarding enterprise technology systems, including cybersecurity. Our Chief Information Security Officer has a strong background in technology, information security, cybersecurity, threat intelligence, incident response, data protection, compliance, and risk management. She champions a strong security culture both internally and externally and contributes to the broader cybersecurity community by serving in several advisory roles and promoting industry collaboration, best-practice sharing, and talent development.

• Systems and processes. We use a combination of industry-leading tools and in-house technologies to protect Target and our guests, operate a proactive threat intelligence program to identify and assess risks, including from threats associated with our use of third-party service providers, and we run a cyber fusion center to investigate and respond to threats. Our program is based on recognized industry security standards and control frameworks, which we seek to validate through internal and independent assessments. Our cybersecurity team regularly tests our controls through penetration testing, vulnerability scanning, and attack simulation. In addition, we have an incident response program to address potential security and privacy incidents. As part of this incident response program, members of management are informed about and monitor the prevention, detection, mitigation, and remediation of potential security and privacy incidents. The program uses a coordinated escalation model to provide information to, and engage with, relevant members of management and the Board of Directors, as needed, throughout the incident response process.

• Understanding evolving threats in the industry and with our suppliers. Our cybersecurity and data privacy teams work to understand evolving threats, developing issues, and industry trends, and our vendor teams monitor and assess risks with our suppliers.

• Collaboration with organizations across different industries. We share threat intelligence and collaborate with organizations across different industries to share best practices, fight cybercrime, enhance privacy, discuss new technologies, better understand the evolving regulatory environment, and advance capabilities in these areas.

• Investment, training, and development of our cybersecurity and data privacy teams. We invest in building and developing cybersecurity talent and engineering expertise, using both in-house and external resources rather than relying solely on third-party providers. Our training model combines internal subject matter expertise with curated external resources. Our cybersecurity and data privacy team members hold industry certifications, stay current on emerging technologies, and regularly participate in training and conferences.

• Regular training and compliance activities for our team members. Our team members receive annual mandatory training on information security, cybersecurity, and data privacy topics to understand the behaviors and technical requirements necessary to protect company and guest information, and appropriately collect, use, and share personal information. We also offer ongoing practice and education for team members to recognize and report suspicious activity.

• Use of third parties. Beyond our in-house capabilities we engage with leading security and technology vendors to assess our information security and cybersecurity program and test our technical capabilities.

• Insurance coverage. We maintain insurance coverage intended to limit our exposure to certain network security and privacy matters.

See "Information Security, Cybersecurity, and Data Privacy Risks" in Part I, Item 1A, Risk Factors for additional information regarding risks from cybersecurity threats.

PROPERTIES

‌Item 2. Properties

Stores as of

Retail Square Feet

Stores as of

Retail Square Feet

(a) Supply Chain Facilities includes distribution centers, sortation centers, and other facilities with a total of

72.9 million square feet.

We own and lease our corporate headquarters buildings and other office spaces in the Minneapolis, Minnesota, area and elsewhere in the U.S. We also lease office space in other countries. Our properties are in good condition, well maintained, and suitable to carry on our business.

For additional information on our properties, see the Capital Expenditures section in MD&A and Notes 12 and 19 to the Consolidated Financial Statements.

LEGAL PROCEEDINGS & MINE SAFETY DISCLOSURES

‌Item 3. Legal Proceedings

On January 31, 2025, and February 20, 2025, Target Corporation and members of its Board of Directors were named as defendants in two purported federal securities law class actions filed in the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida. The complaints allege violations of Sections 10(b), 14(a), and 20(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and Rules 10b-5 and 14a-9 relating to certain prior disclosures of Target about risks related to its environmental, social, and governance initiatives (including with respect to diversity, equity, and inclusion) and oversight of those risks. One plaintiff is seeking to represent a class of shareholders who purchased or otherwise acquired Target common stock between August 26, 2022, and November 19, 2024, and the other plaintiff is seeking to represent a class of shareholders who purchased or otherwise acquired Target common stock between March 9, 2022, and August 16, 2023. Both plaintiffs have marked the class actions as related to a previously filed individual federal securities action in which the court denied a motion to dismiss. The plaintiffs seek damages and other relief, including attorneys' fees, based on allegations that the defendants misled investors, including about the risks associated with Target's environmental, social, and governance initiatives (including with respect to diversity, equity, and inclusion) and its 2023 Pride Month merchandise collection, and oversight of those risks. The plaintiffs allege that such conduct affected the value of Target common stock. These proceedings were consolidated on July 24, 2025. On November 14, 2025, the United States District Court for the Middle District of Florida transferred these proceedings to the United States District Court for the District of Minnesota. Target intends to vigorously defend these lawsuits.

‌Item 4. Mine Safety Disclosures

Not applicable.