Management's Discussion and Analysis For the Years Ended December 31, 2025 and 2024
(Expressed in Canadian dollars)
MANAGEMENT'S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSISThis Management's Discussion and Analysis ("MD&A") supplements but does not form part of the financial statements and the notes thereto for the years ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 (collectively referred to hereafter as the "financial statements").
The financial statements of the Company have been prepared in accordance with IFRS Accounting Standards as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board (IASB). All amounts are expressed in Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated. Other information contained in this document has been prepared by management and is consistent with the information contained in the financial statements.
The Company's certifying officers are responsible for ensuring that the financial statements and MD&A do not contain any untrue statement of a material fact or omit to state a material fact required to be stated, or that is necessary to make a statement not misleading in light of the circumstances under which it was made. The Company's certifying officers certify that the financial statements together with the other financial information included in the filings fairly present, in all material respects, the financial condition, financial performance and cash flows of the Company as of the date of, and for the periods presented in the filings.
In this MD&A, "NorthX", the "Company", or the words "we", "us", or "our", collectively refer to NorthX Nickel Corp. The first, second, third, and fourth quarters of the Company's fiscal years are referred to as "Q1", "Q2", "Q3",and "Q4", respectively. The year-to-date periods ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 are referred to as "YTD 2025" and "YTD 2024", respectively.
The Company's Audit Committee and the Board of Directors provide an oversight role with respect to all public financial disclosures by the Company. The Board of Directors approves the financial statements and MD&A after the completion of its review and recommendation for approval by the Audit Committee, which meets periodically to review all financial reports, prior to filing.
The following MD&A has been prepared by management, in accordance with the requirements of NI 51-102 as of April 22, 2026.
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTSCertain statements contained in this document constitute "forward-looking statements". All statements other than statements of historical fact contained in this MD&A, including, without limitation, those regarding the Company's future financial position and results of operations, strategy, proposed acquisitions, plans, objectives, goals and targets, and any statements preceded by, followed by or that include the words "believe", "expect", "aim", "intend", "plan", "continue", "will", "may", "would", "anticipate", "estimate", "forecast", "predict", "project", "seek", "should" or similar expressions or the negative thereof, are forward-looking statements. These statements are not historical facts but instead represent only the Company's expectations, estimates and projections regarding future events. These statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve assumptions, risks and uncertainties that are difficult to predict. Therefore, actual results may differ materially from what is expressed, implied, or forecasted in such forward-looking statements.
Additional factors that could cause actual results, performance or achievements to differ materially include, but are not limited to risks associated with: geological risks; limited operating history; inability to generate earnings or pay dividends for the foreseeable future; uncertain ability to raise additional funds when required; reliance on a small number of key managers lacking backup; potential conflicts of interest among directors and officers of the Company; lack of liquidity for shareholders of the Company; ability to secure needed permits; ability to physically access and work the Company's property assets due to poor weather; a potential lack of key contract personnel and services providers needed to execute elements of the Company's exploration plans; and market risk consisting of fluctuations in the Company's share price, metal prices, credit market conditions; and investor appetite for early stage exploration companies.
Management provides forward-looking statements because they believe such statements deliver useful guidance and information to readers when considering their investment objectives. Though management believes such statements to be as accurate as possible in the context of the information available to management at the time in which they are made, management cautions readers that the guidance and information contained in such statements may rapidly be superseded by subsequent events. Consequently, all of the forward-looking statements made in this MD&A are qualified by these cautionary statements and other cautionary statements or factors contained herein, and there can be no assurance that the actual results or developments suggested by such forward-looking statement will be realized or, even if substantially realized, that they will have the expected results, or effects upon, the Company. These forward-looking statements are made as of the date of this MD&A and the Company assumes no obligation to update or revise them to reflect subsequent information, events or circumstances or otherwise, except as required by law.
The forward-looking statements in this MD&A are based on numerous assumptions regarding the Company's present and future business strategies and the environment in which the Company will operate in the future, including assumptions regarding business and operating strategies.
The disclosure relating to deposits and mineral resource estimates in this MD&A and referred to herein was prepared in accordance with National Instrument 43-101 Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects ("NI 43-101") which differs from the requirements of the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the "SEC"). The terms "measured mineral resource", "indicated mineral resource" and "inferred mineral resource" used in this MD&A are in reference to the mining terms defined in the Canadian Institute of Mining, Metallurgy and Petroleum Standards (the "CIM Definition Standards"), which definitions have been adopted by NI 43-101. Accordingly, information contained in this MD&A providing descriptions of our mineral deposits in accordance with NI 43-101 may not be comparable to similar information made public by other U.S. companies subject to the United States federal securities laws and the rules and regulations thereunder.
Investors are cautioned not to assume that any part or all mineral resources will ever be converted into reserves. Pursuant to CIM Definition Standards, "inferred mineral resources" are that part of a mineral resource for which quantity and grade or quality are estimated based on limited geological evidence and sampling. Such geological evidence is sufficient to imply but not verify geological and grade or quality continuity. An inferred mineral resource has a lower level of confidence than that applying to an indicated mineral resource and must not be converted to a mineral reserve. However, it is reasonably expected that the majority of inferred mineral resources could be upgraded to indicated mineral resources with continued exploration. Under Canadian rules, estimates of inferred mineral resources may not form the basis of feasibility or pre-feasibility studies, except in rare cases. Investors are cautioned not to assume that all or any part of an inferred mineral resource is economically or legally mineable.
QUALIFIED PERSONThe Company's disclosure of a technical or scientific nature in this Report has been reviewed and approved by Adree DeLazzer P. Geo. a Qualified Person ("QP") (as defined in National Instrument 43-101, "Standards of Disclosure for Mineral Projects").
DESCRIPTION OF THE BUSINESSNorthX Nickel Corp. ("NorthX" or the "Company") is engaged in the exploration of mineral claims located in Québec and Ontario, Canada. The Company was incorporated under the laws of the Province of British Columbia on October 26, 2018.
On May 1, 2024, the Company changed its name from Archer Exploration Corp. to NorthX Nickel Corp. and concurrently began trading on the Canadian Securities Exchange (the "Exchange") under the new symbol "NIX", replacing its former symbol "RCHR", under which it had traded since February 11, 2021.
The Company's registered and records office is located at 1200 Waterfront Centre, 200 Burrard Street, Vancouver, BC, V7X 1T2.
As at December 31, 2025, the Company had no active subsidiaries. Its wholly owned subsidiary, 1273600 B.C. Ltd., was voluntarily dissolved on January 25, 2024, under the Business Corporations Act.
In December 2024, the Company entered into an agreement whereby Magna Mining Inc. ("Magna") will acquire the Company's portfolio of nickel and base metal assets located in the Sudbury Basin ("Sudbury Properties"). The assets and liabilities relating to this agreement were classified as held for sale as at December 31, 2024.
On July 21, 2025, the Company completed the sale of all property, assets, rights, and obligations related to its Sudbury Properties to Magna pursuant to the definitive asset purchase agreement dated December 18, 2024. As part of the transaction, Magna assumed all liabilities associated with the Sudbury Properties, including the Broken Hammer Project Mine Closure Plan. The Company paid $500,000 to Magna in connection with this obligation. Magna also assumed responsibilities related to joint venture operations, NSR royalty payments, and annual work commitments. On July 31, 2025, the irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $481,629, originally posted in favour of the Ontario Ministry of Mines on February 28, 2024, was fully released and returned to the Company following the completion of the sale to Magna.
Costs relating to the acquisition and claim maintenance of exploration and evaluation assets (including option payments and annual fees to maintain the property in good standing) are capitalized and deferred by property until the project to which they relate is sold, abandoned, impaired, or placed into production.
The Company's cash flows from operations are negative, and its level of expenditures is dependent on debt and equity to finance its exploration operations.
SHARE CONSOLIDATIONOn May 1, 2024, the Company completed consolidations of its common shares on a three-for-one and six-for-one basis, respectively. All share and per share amounts have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect these consolidations. Any references to common shares are on a post-consolidation basis. Numbers of warrants and stock options and their respective exercise prices have been retrospectively adjusted to reflect the effects of the consolidations.
SELECTED FINANCIAL INFORMATIONAs at December 31, 2025, current assets were $1,114,818 (December 31, 2024 - $3,615,825, inclusive of assets held for sale of $2,655,709) and current liabilities were $94,927 (December 31, 2024 - $2,803,075 inclusive of liabilities held for sale of 2,655,709, resulting in working capital of $1,019,891 (December 31, 2024 - $812,750).
As at December 31, 2025, the Company had total assets of $4,654,369 (December 31, 2024 - $7,150,650), which is comprised of $1,062,234 of cash (December 31, 2024 - $875,556), receivables of $6,747 (December 31, 2024 - $28,771), $45,837 of prepaid expenses (December 31, 2024 - $55,789), assets held for sale of $nil (December 31, 2024 - $2,655,709), exploration and evaluation assets of $3,502,315 (December 31, 2024 - $3,466,634), property and equipment of $8,486 (December 31, 2024 - $10,691) and other assets of $28,750 ( December 31, 2024 - $57,500).
As at December 31, 2025, the Company had total liabilities of $94,927 (December 31, 2024 - $2,803,075), which was comprised of trade and other payables of $94,927 (December 31, 2024 - $147,366) and liabilities held for sale of $nil (December 31, 2024 - $2,655,709).
SALE OF SUDBURY PROPERTIES MAGNAIn December 2024, the Company entered into an agreement whereby Magna Mining Inc. ("Magna") will acquire the Company's portfolio of nickel and base metal assets located in the Sudbury Basin ("Sudbury Properties"). The assets and liabilities relating to this agreement were classified as held for sale as at December 31, 2024.
On July 21, 2025, the Company completed the sale of all property, assets, rights, and obligations related to its Sudbury Properties to Magna pursuant to the definitive asset purchase agreement dated December 18, 2024. As part of the transaction, Magna assumed all liabilities associated with the Sudbury Properties, including the Broken Hammer Project Mine Closure Plan. The Company paid $500,000 to Magna in connection with this obligation. Magna also assumed responsibilities related to joint venture operations, NSR royalty payments, and annual work commitments. On July 31, 2025, the irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $481,629, originally posted in favour of the Ontario Ministry of Mines on February 28, 2024, was fully released and returned to the Company following the completion of the sale to Magna.
MASON RESOURCES STRATEGIC INVESTMENTOn May 14, 2024, the Company completed a non-brokered private placement of 9,479,166 units of the Company ("Units") at a price of
$0.24 per unit for aggregate gross proceeds of $2,275,000 (the "Offering"). Pursuant to the Offering, Mason Resources Inc. ("Mason") invested $1,000,000 in the Company and subscribed for 4,166,667 Units (the "Strategic Investment"). The Strategic Investment represents a 14.4% ownership interest in the Common Shares on a non-diluted basis and 25.2% on a partially diluted basis assuming the exercise in full of the warrants issued to Mason.
In connection with the Strategic Investment, the Company entered into an investor rights agreement (the "Mason Investor Rights Agreement"). Pursuant to the Mason Investor Rights Agreement, so long as Mason holds at least 10% of the issued and outstanding Common Shares, it will have pre-emptive rights and top-up rights.
In addition, Mason has agreed to restrict its exercise of any warrants if doing so would result in Mason owning or controlling more than 19.9% of the then issued and outstanding Common Shares. Additionally, Mason has the right to designate two directors to the Board (the "Mason Nomination Right"), with the current nominees being Mr. Simon Marcotte and Ms. Adree DeLazzer. The Mason Nomination Right will decrease to one nominee in the event that it holds 5% or more (but less than 10%) of the issued and outstanding Common Shares on a non-diluted basis. Mason's head office is located at 120 Adelaide Street West, Suite 1410, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
NICKEL ASSETSGrasset Project, Québec
The Grasset Project is a resource-exploration stage Ni-Cu-Co-PGM project located in the James Bay territory in Nord-du-Québec administrative region of the province of Québec, Canada, approximately 55 kilometres west-northwest of the city of Mattagami and 170 kilometres north of the town of Amos. The Grasset Project consists of 153 claims blocks and an aggregate area of 81.81 km2 in the Northern part of the Abitibi Region. The Company owns a 100% interest in the Grasset Project, subject to a 2% underlying NSR royalty.
The Property is 23 km long stretching SE-NW and covering the Grasset Ultramafic Complex ("GUC") that is made up of a mix of volcanic, intrusive and sub-intrusive rocks of mainly ultramafic composition. The GUC ultramafics are in contact with an abundance of sulphur-rich sediments and volcanics. Assimilation of sulphur by the ultramafic magma is the main process that precedes precipitation and concentration of nickel-rich sulphides at the base of the ultramafic rocks. The GUC is located at the extreme northern edge of the Abitibi Craton, which, in this area, is in contact with the Opatica Craton. The vast majority of nickel mining camps are located at the edge of major cratons or at inter-craton boundaries.
The Grasset Deposit, discovered in 2012, comprises two subparallel mineralized horizons (H1 and H3) of disseminated to locally semi-massive to massive sulphide mineralization located at the southeastern end of the Grasset Ultramafic Complex. An initial mineral resource estimate and preliminary metallurgical testing results was published by the former owners, Balmoral Resources Ltd. ("Balmoral"), in early 2016 and an updated resource estimate was published by Wallbridge in late 2021 (the "Resource Estimate"), which was comprised of 5,512,000 tonnes grading 1.53% NiEq Indicated and 217,000 tonnes grading 1.01% NiEq Inferred. The bulk of the resources was tabulated within the H3 horizon; the H1 horizon hosting less than 2% of the resources.
2021 Grasset Resource Estimate (November 2021)(1),(2):Indicated
>0.80% NiEq | Tonnes | NiEq (%) | Ni (%) | Cu (%) | Co (%) | Pt (g/t) | Pd (g/t) | Contained NiEq (t) | Contained Ni (t) | Contained Cu (t) | Contained Co (t) | Contained Pt (oz) | Contained Pd (oz) |
Horizon 1 | 89,200 | 1.00 | 0.82 | 0.09 | 0.03 | 0.15 | 0.33 | 900 | 700 | 100 | 20 | 400 | 1,000 |
Horizon 3 | 5,422,700 | 1.54 | 1.22 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.26 | 0.64 | 83,300 | 66,400 | 7,300 | 1,400 | 45,400 | 112,200 |
Total | 5,512,000 | 1.53 | 1.22 | 0.13 | 0.03 | 0.26 | 0.64 | 84,200 | 67,100 | 7,400 | 1,400 | 45,800 | 113,100 |
Inferred
>0.80% NiEq | Tonnes | NiEq (%) | Ni (%) | Cu (%) | Co (%) | Pt (g/t) | Pd (g/t) | Contained NiEq (t) | Contained Ni (t) | Contained Cu (t) | Contained Co (t) | Contained Pt (oz) | Contained Pd (oz) |
Horizon 1 | 13,600 | 0.95 | 0.78 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.14 | 0.32 | 100 | 100 | 10 | 3 | 100 | 100 |
Horizon 3 | 203,500 | 1.01 | 0.83 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.34 | 2,100 | 1,700 | 200 | 40 | 1,000 | 2,200 |
Total | 217,100 | 1.01 | 0.83 | 0.09 | 0.02 | 0.15 | 0.34 | 2,200 | 1,800 | 200 | 43 | 1,000 | 2,400 |
The Resource Estimate is based on a 0.80% NiEq cut-off grade. The independent and qualified person for the Resource Estimate, as defined by NI 43 101, is Carl Pelletier, P.Geo. (InnovExplo Inc.). The effective date of the Grasset 2021 Resource Estimate is November 9, 2021. These mineral resources are not mineral reserves as they do not have demonstrated economic viability. The Resource Estimate follows 2014 CIM Definition Standards and the 2019 CIM MRMR Best Practice Guidelines. Two mineralized zones were modelled in 3D using a minimum true width of 3.0 m. Density values are interpolated from density databases, capped at 4.697 g/cm3. High-grade capping was done on raw assay data and established on a per zone basis for nickel (15.00%), copper (5.00%), platinum (5.00 g/t) and palladium (8.00 g/t). Composites (1-m) were calculated within the zones using the grade of the adjacent material when assayed or a value of zero when not assayed. The Resource Estimate was completed using a block model in GEMS (v.6.8) using 5m x 5m x 5m blocks. Grade interpolation (Ni, Cu, Co, Pt, Pd, Au and Ag) was obtained by ID2 using hard boundaries. Results in NiEq were calculated after interpolation of the individual metals. The Resource Estimate is categorized as indicated and inferred based on drill spacing, geological and grade continuity. A maximum distance to the closest composite of 50 m was used for indicated mineral resources and 100 m for the inferred mineral resources. The criterion of reasonable prospects for eventual economic extraction was met by having constraining volumes applied to any blocks (potential underground extraction scenario) using DSO and by the application of a cut-off grade of 0.80% NiEq. Cut-off calculations used: Mining
= $65.00/t; Maintenance = $10.00/t; G&A = $20.00/t; Processing = $42.00/t. The cut-off grades should be re-evaluated in light of future prevailing market conditions (metal prices, exchange rate, mining cost, etc.). The NiEq formula used a USD:CAD exchange rate of 1.31, a nickel price of US$6.95/lb, a copper price of US$3.33/lb, a cobalt price of US$17.06/lb, a platinum price of US$984.85/oz, and a palladium price of US$2,338.47/oz.
Gold and silver do not contribute to the economics of the deposit. Results are presented undiluted and in-situ. Ounce (troy) = metric tons x grade / 31.10348. Metric tons and ounces were rounded to the nearest hundred. Metal contents are presented in ounces and pounds. Any discrepancies in the totals are due to rounding effects; rounding followed the recommendations in NI 43-101. The QP is not aware of any known environmental, permitting, legal, title-related, taxation, socio-political, marketing or other relevant issue that could materially affect the Resource Estimate.
The quantity and grade of reported inferred resources in the Resource Estimate are uncertain in nature and there has been insufficient exploration to define these inferred resources as an indicated or measured mineral resource and it is uncertain if further exploration will result in upgrading them to an indicated or measured mineral resource category.
NICKEL ASSETS (continued)Drilling in 2018-2019 by Balmoral discovered another significant zone of nickel mineralization in the Central GUC prospect, located approximately 7 kilometres to the northwest of the Grasset deposit. The nickel sulphide mineralization exhibits classic sulphide segregation/settling textures grading down sequence from disseminated, to net-textured matrix, to massive sulphide, over widths of 5 to 20 metres. The broadest mineralized interval intersected to date was in drill hole FAB-18-58, which returned 7.58 metres grading 1.05% Ni, 0.31% Cu, 0.05% Co, 0.20 g/t Pt and 0.48 g/t Pd that included a 0.65metres thick basal massive sulphide zone grading 4.14% Ni, 0.26% Cu, 0.18% Co, 1.9 g/t Pt and 0.89 g/t Pd.
Very limited Ni-focused exploration has been carried out away from the immediate Grasset resource and Central GUC prospect areas where several untested, or partially tested coincident magnetic/conductivity anomalies have been delineated, demonstrating excellent potential for further significant Ni-Cu-Co-PGE discoveries. No work was completed on the property following Wallbridge's acquisition of Balmoral in May 2020.
Exploration Program - GrassetOn June 15, 2023, the Company provided an update on its 2023 winter drilling program at its Grasset Nickel Project located in the Abitibi Greenstone Belt of Quebec, Canada. A new high-grade nickel-PGM zone, now called "H1X", was discovered at depth on the south-east extension of the H1 mineralized horizon:
GR23-03 intersected 1.82% Ni over 4.60 metres, including 5.75% Ni over 0.60 metres at a depth of 330 metres below surface
The 4.60 metre interval includes 0.95 g/t Pd and 0.40 g/t Pt, with a subinterval of 3.85 g/t Pd and 1.68 g/t Pt over 0.60 metres.
On January 17, 2024 and March 22,2024, the Company published the results of two short subsequent drilling campaigns:
GR23-08 cut a net-texture zone grading 1.06% Ni over 5.60 metres including 1.61% Ni, 1.1 g/t Pt-Pd over 2.50 metres
GR24-10A intersected a high-grade zone of 2.67% Ni, 2.32 g/t Pt-Pd over 2.90 metres
This included a subinterval of 4.08% Ni, 4.57 g/t Pt-Pd over 0.85 metres within a broader zone grading 1.19% Ni, 0.99 g/t Pt-Pd over 8.20 metres.
The three intercepts in holes 03, 08 and 10A represent the thickest, highest nickel-PGM mineralization ever drilled on the H1 mineralized horizon. The H1X Zone remains open at depth, below 250 metres from surface, and along strike for at least 500 metres.
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Diamond Drilling
Following a review of historical drill core and data and with the new information gathered during the year, the Company's interpretation of the local geology is that high-grade nickel mineralization, in both H1 and H3, is hosted within sub-volcanic ultramafic conduits within the GUC. Moreover, the ultramafic hosts are in contact with sulphide-rich volcanics and sediments. This confirms that the ultramafic rocks were intruded within sulphide-rich volcanics, absorbing sulphur, which is an essential element for the precipitation of nickel in the magmatic nickel metallogenetic model.
A first drilling campaign was started in February 2023 and ended in July with Six holes being completed. The Grasset Deposit resources in H3 have a sub-vertical extension that have been drilled to a depth of 600 metres. In order to test the potential of the sub-vertical fertile conduit at depth, the Company attempted to drill two vertical pilot holes between H1 and H3 horizons with the objective of drilling branch holes at depth from each pilot hole, toward the two mineralized zones, by wedging and/or controlled directional drilling.
The first vertical pilot hole, GR23-01, was collared in early February 2023, with an ultimate vertical depth target of 1,500 meters. The objective of pilot hole GR23-01 was to initially utilize large loop, high power downhole electromagnetic surveying to generate drilling targets below the H1 and H3 zones that are more easily accessible with controlled directional drilling at depth. As GR23-01 encountered very difficult ground conditions, wedging or controlled drilling was impossible. The deviation of the hole through caving faults and very soft rock was too extensive to warrant continuing, and the decision to abandon the hole was made after reaching a depth of 446 metres.
A second pilot hole, GR23-02, was collared 130 metres southeast of GR23-01 with an 87-degree dip and a northwest azimuth, aligned to favour the natural deviation tendencies within the softer rock units. As with GR23-01, the objective of GR23-02 was to target potential zones of high-grade nickel mineralization beneath the thickest, richest part of the current mineral resource. GR23-02 also encountered very challenging ground conditions. Two caving faults were encountered, and the hole was deviating in the wrong direction. Due to these adverse conditions and the risk of losing the directional drilling device, the hole was abandoned at a depth of 874 metres.
NICKEL ASSETS (continued)Hole GR23-03 was designed to test the H1 mineralized horizon approximately 350 metres south-east of the eastern limit of the defined mineral resource and at a vertical depth of about 300 metres. This hole was targeting the H1 horizon approximately 200 metres beneath historical hole GR-14-38 which intercepted 0.51% nickel over 4.51 metres, including 0.80% nickel over 1.07 metres. This intersection is within an interesting circular magnetic anomaly. GR23-03 intersected 1.82% Ni over 4.60 metres, including 5.75% Ni over 0.60 metres at a depth of 330 metres below surface. The 4.60 metre interval includes 0.95 g/t Pd and 0.40 g/t Pt, with a subinterval of 3.85 g/t Pd and 1.68 g/t Pt over 0.60 metres. This intercept represents the thickest, highest nickel sulphide mineralization intersected to date in the H1 Horizon.
This hole was successfully drilled into a large area that had seen little previous attention and the results clearly demonstrate the need for additional exploration on this high-grade nickel discovery.
Drill hole GR-23-04 was designed to test for an extension of the H3 mineralized horizon below the current resource ultimate depth of 350 metres within the middle of the deposit area. It was completed to a depth of 886 metres having crosscut both contacts of the main ultramafic rock units without any obvious visible massive sulphide mineralization, however, disseminated sulphides were observed over the expected intersection of the H3 and H1 Horizons with no values of interest. A high-powered, down-hole electromagnetic technique (Abitibi Geophysics InfiniTEM XL) was attempted but due to a downhole blockage, the survey could not be completed.
Hole GR23-05 was drilled to a final depth of 1,151.8 meters, testing the more prospective areas of the high-grade H3 and H1 Horizons at target depths up to 1,000 metres below surface. The target area is a step down of about 500 metres under the known H3 resources on section 6+00E where some of the best intersections are located. The objective was to test the potential at depth for another nickel lens along the fertile ultramafic conduit. At such a depth, a very large area could be investigated with the help of high-power, down-hole electromagnetic techniques. Disseminated sulphides were intersected where H3 and H1 were expected, indicating the proximity to a favourable environment hosting magmatic massive sulphides but contained no significant metal values. Down-hole EM was also completed on GR23-05 with no obvious conductors detected within the ultramafics.
Hole GR23-06 was designed to test a deep 3D magnetic anomaly situated below some interesting assay values closer to surface. Previous drilling in GR15-70 intersected 3.24%Ni over 2.17 metres and GR15-02 intersected 0.61%Ni over 2.3 metres. Hole GR23-06 was recollared due to issues while anchoring the casing and GR23-06A was drilled to intersect the same target and was drilled to a final depth of 1,104 metres. The expected and favourable lithologies were crossed and both the H3 and H1 horizons were intersected with only disseminated sulphides being intersected in the H3 horizon and no pentlandite visible in H1.
In November and December 2023, a short drilling campaign of two holes was completed on the depth extension of the high-grade mineralization of the newly discovered zone H1X cut in hole GR23-03. Hole GR23-07 intersected the H1 Horizon at a depth of 430 metres; 100 metres below the high-grade intercept of hole GR23-03. The northern contact of the ultramafics, where H1 mineralization is located, was strongly sheared and hosted a few metres of disseminated sulphides. Within 10 metres of the ultramafic contact the hole intersected
0.44 metres of massive sulphides grading 2.97% Ni and 4.1 g/t Pt-Pd within felsic volcanics. A massive sulphides intersection outside the ultramafic rocks is a first on the Grasset Property but it's not uncommon in other nickel mining camps like Sudbury or Norilsk.
Hole GR23-08 cut the H1 horizon 60 metres south-east of hole GR23-07, at a depth of 420 metres. It intersected a zone of mainly net texture sulphides that graded 1.06% Ni over 5.60 metres, including 1.61% Ni, 1.1 g/t Pt-Pd over 2.50 metres.
During winter 2023/2024, a third drilling campaign of three holes was performed on the property. Hole GR24-09 was designed to intersect the center of a conductive plate, N9, that was interpreted from a high-power, large loop InfiniTEM XL surface survey conducted in 2023. The N9 plate occupies an area of approximately 400 by 400 metres and ranges from a depth of 300 to 700 metres. The anomaly is located at the northern contact of an ultramafic sequence (interpreted from magnetic surveys). Due to technical difficulties, hole GR24-09 was unable to reach its target and following an unsuccessful attempt to wedge the hole at a depth of 336 metres, the decision was made to abandon the hole and move the drill rig to the Grasset Deposit for continued drilling of the H1X Discovery Zone. Notwithstanding the technical challenges, the N9 target remains a priority as it presents very similar characteristics to the S6 conductive plate that overlays the H1X Discovery Zone.
Hole GR24-10A intersected the H1X Zone 50 metres above and 50 metres southeast of hole GR23-08. It cut a high-grade zone of 2.67% Ni, 0.44% Cu, 2.32 g/t Pt-Pd over 2.90 metres, including a subinterval of 4.08% Ni, 0.98% Cu, 4.57 g/t Pt-Pd over 0.85 metres within a broader zone grading 1.29% Ni, 0.19% Cu, 1.08 g/t Pt-Pd over 7.20 metres. The mineralization is comprised of two zones of massive sulphides, (pyrrhotite and pentlandite) 0.25 and 0.35 metres thick, within a 2.90 metre section of net-texture mineralization. This is the first intersection demonstrating large, high-grade net-texture thickness within the H1X Discovery Zone.
NICKEL ASSETS (continued)Hole GR24-11 was targeting the up-dip extension of the trend defined through the intersections of holes GR23-08 and GR23-03. Unfortunately, due to strong deviation, the hole cut the H1 Horizon 50 metres west of the target and intersected 0.41% Ni over 0.70 metres. As with hole GR23-07, the bottom contact of the ultramafic was strongly sheared with a small zone of disseminated sulphides.
High-grade nickel and PGM intersections which now define the newly discovered H1X Zone, clearly demonstrate the presence of a strong mineralizing system that remains open at depth below 250 metres in the southeast portion of the H1 Horizon. Grades and sulphides textures, observed at the bottom of the main ultramafic package, indicate the potential for these recent intersections to be at the fringe of a new high-grade-hosting ultramafic conduit.
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Sonic Drilling
The Grasset Deposit is situated at the southeastern end of an underexplored 23-kilometre-long belt containing abundant and favourable ultramafic rocks. The property is completely covered by Quaternary glacial deposits, and devoid of any known outcrop. The thickness of the overburden varies from 60 to 90 metres in the south-east part of the property, and from 20 to 60 metres in the northwestern half. Such thick overburden renders the Grasset Deposit and other mineralization blind to conventional surface geochemical sampling techniques. A sonic orientation drill program was performed in Spring 2023 and was designed to sample the glacial till at the base of the overburden. In addition, the first few meters of the bedrock were core sampled in order to identify areas with underlying, geochemically anomalous, bedrock ultramafic rocks. This technique is commonly used with success in exploration campaigns for detecting mineral deposits under thick overburden.
A total of 15 sonic drill holes were completed as part of the 2023 orientation program. The thickness of the overburden is between 75 and 85 metres, and mostly composed of sand and clay with local one-metre-thick horizons of silty clay and silt. The basal till, in the last 8 to 12 metres, was typically composed of sub-angular mafic and ultramafic clasts with some felsic clasts in a silty-sand matrix.
Sonic hole number 4, located just north of the H1 Horizon and directly northwest of the Grasset resources, shows a very high geochemical anomaly in the fines of the basal till. An assay of 352 ppm Ni was obtained in this hole, while the background in the other holes is between 4 and 61 ppm Ni. Copper and cobalt are also highly anomalous in hole number 4. It was demonstrated by Veillette et al. (2005)1 that the oldest and main glacial movement in the Grasset property area was from southeast to northwest. These results confirm that basal till sampling will be a very useful technique, in conjunction with geophysics, for the search of hidden Ni-Cu-Co-Pt/Pd mineralization under thick overburden across the entire Grasset property. A reverse circulation and/or Sonic sampling program is recommended to cover the major parts of the interpreted ultramafic sequences on the property, particularly over the thickest part of the sequences.
- Geophysical Surveys
The effectiveness of conventional geophysical approaches is hampered by multiple factors on the Grasset property, mainly: -the thick overburden; -multiple types of conductive stratigraphic rock units like graphitic mudstones and barren massive pyrite. NorthX management believes that the best potential is for deeper nickel sulphide targets along the fertile ultramafic conduit. In March 2023, the Company commenced deep penetration geophysical surveys over a large area covering the Grasset Deposit.
Abitibi Geophysics' InfiniTEM® XL system was chosen as one of the geophysical techniques to aid in exploration as it has one of the better performance measures in this type of challenging environment. In order to detect anomalous conductors (massive sulphides) at a depth of 500 to 1,000 metres, a 53-kilometre grid line area was cut to allow the installation of two 0.8 by 2.5 kilometre high-power fixed loops. Moreover, the same loops were used to perform high-power down-hole surveys. The InfiniTEM® XL surface survey was completed in August 2023.
1 Veillette, J.J., Paradis, S.J., Buckle, J. 2005. Bedrock and Surficial Geology of the General Area Around Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec and Ontario. In: Bonham-Carter, G. (Ed.), Metals in the Environment Around Smelters at Rouyn-Noranda, Quebec, and Belledune, New Brunswick: Results and Conclusions of the GSC MITE Point Sources Project. Geological Survey of Canada, Bulletin 584, Natural Resources Canada, 1-16.
NICKEL ASSETS (continued)With hole GR23-03 being drilled outside of the known mineralization, a downhole InfiniTEM® XL ("DHEM") geophysical survey was completed and results were released in a press release on August 17, 2023. The DHEM survey yielded three new highly conductive plates within the H1 Horizon at Grasset. The newly modelled plates begin 360 metres below surface and have not yet been drill tested. Conductivity measurements suggest semi-massive to massive pyrrhotite (± pentlandite) may be the source of the conductive anomalies. The three large conductors contain known mineralized intercepts in their periphery but remain largely untested. The size of the three modelled DHEM anomalies suggests a much better continuity at depth when compared to the numerous small plates detected closer to surface. The results of this survey confirmed the excellent potential to intersect magmatic massive sulphides in an untested 500 by 600 metre (minimum) area under the GR23-03 intersection.
The entire Grasset property was covered by an airborne magneto-telluric survey conducted by Expert Geophysics Limited in 2023. The survey consisted of 781 line-kilometres of magneto-telluric (MT), magnetics (MAG), and Very Low Frequency Electromagnetic (VLF) over a 148 km2 area, including the Grasset deposit sector. The purpose of the survey was to map bedrock structures and lithology, including possible alteration and mineralization zones reflected in the electrical resistivity and magnetic properties of the rocks. The data was processed to identify anomalous zones of MT resistivity (less than 600 Ohm-m) and residual magnetic field strength.
The resultant processed responses clearly identify the Grasset deposit and, more significantly, a large area just east of the Grasset deposit where coincident magnetic and low resistivity anomalous responses, with similar intensities as the Grasset deposit, have been delineated. Additionally, just north and west of the Grasset deposit, several MAG-MT anomalies occur in areas of sparse shallow historical drilling. Discrete coincident magnetic and low resistivity anomalies are also clustered farther west of the Grasset deposit area.
In the far north-west part of the property, an isolated VTEM anomaly was previously drilled by historical hole JER-15-04 that intersected ultramafic rocks with 3.5 metres of barren semi-massive sulphides (mainly pyrrhotite) at the south-west contact of the ultramafic rocks. The 2023 airborne MT survey detected a deeply buried (800-1,000m), wide, thick (300 to 600m) and isolated flat lying MT-Mag feature of 400 Ohm-m that dips up to the ultramafic intersection in hole JER15-04 (Figure 3). This large conductive zone is a very attractive target to follow-up given that the MT data strongly suggests that the conductive zone connects with the ultramafic rocks intersected in JER-15-04 that hosts 3.5 metres of magmatic semi-massive sulphides. A detailed ground MT survey is recommended to better define this deep anomaly before any further drilling in this area.
Exploration Cooperation AgreementOn November 18, 2022 the Company and Wallbridge entered into an exploration cooperation agreement (the "Exploration Cooperation Agreement") whereby Wallbridge was granted the right to explore certain portions of the Grasset Project for gold under certain circumstances. The Exploration Cooperation Agreement applies to approximately 7,515 hectares of the Grasset Project and excludes approximately 665 hectares of coverage over the Grasset Deposit. If the results from either Wallbridge's or NorthX's exploration work on the 7,515 hectares that are subject to the Exploration Cooperation Agreement (the "Gold Cooperation Area") establish a mineral resource that consists of primary gold mineralization, then the parties will form a joint venture in which NorthX will have a 30% interest and Wallbridge will have a 70% interest. If the results from Wallbridge's exploration work in the Gold Cooperation Area establish a mineral resource that consists of primary mineralization other than gold, then the parties will form a joint venture in which NorthX will have a 70% interest and Wallbridge will have a 30% interest. The purpose of any such joint ventures will be to explore, develop and operate such mineral resource. The Exploration Cooperation Agreement has a term of five years and is subject to earlier termination in certain circumstances.
Impairment ChargeDuring the period ended September 30, 2024, the Company identified an indicator of impairment related to the Grasset project since the previous reporting period, due to a change in the substantive expenditures budgeted for further exploration and evaluation activities in the medium term due to decreased availability of equity financing for Canadian-listed small-cap exploration and development companies. In accordance with the Company's accounting policy for mineral properties, exploration and evaluation expenditures are capitalized, and management applies judgment to assess whether indicators of impairment exist. This judgment includes considerations such as the period for which exploration rights are held, the likelihood of renewal of these rights, and the evaluation of exploration results. The revised budget for expenditures on the affected property, reflecting a reduction in future exploration and evaluation efforts, has triggered the impairment assessment for this property.
NICKEL ASSETS (continued)An impairment assessment was performed based on a recoverable amount valued at fair value less costs of disposal ("FVLCD"). The Company applied a discount to reflect the stage and quality of its assets and utilized multiple valuation techniques. Various market metrics for comparable junior nickel exploration and development companies with development-stage assets, along with the Company's market capitalization, were considered in determining the FVLCD. The valuation that was most representative of fair value was determined to be
$3,119,894 for Grasset. Management's estimate of recoverability is based on inputs which have a significant effect on fair value that are not directly observable from market data and is therefore classified within Level 3 in the fair value hierarchy. Key assumptions include a range of enterprise values per contained nickel tonne from $20.47 to $72.52, with an average of $46.50 per contained nickel tonne of mineral resource, based on market comparables as of September 30, 2024. A $5 to $10 change in the enterprise value per contained nickel tonne would result in a change to the impairment charge ranging from $335,500 to $671,000. As a result, the Company recorded a non-cash impairment for the Grasset project of $32,750,284 in the year ended December 31, 2024.
Northwestern Ontario
The Northwestern Ontario project is comprised of an interest in 3 properties including 587 unpatented mining claims. The Northwestern Ontario project has a total land area of land area of 128 km2. Claims with a carrying value of $nil have been classified to assets held for sale at December 31, 2025 (2024 - $47,419). The remaining carrying value of $246,875 relates to claims retained by the Company.
On December 21, 2023, the Company provided an update on its Summer 2023 field program at the Gargoyle Ni-Cu-Co project in the Lumby Lake Greenstone Belt.
The highlights are as follows:
The Gargoyle property hosts a 10 kilometre long succession of favourable ultramafic rocks hosting numerous untested conductors
Ni-Cu-Co sulphide mineralization has been traced across intermittent outcrops over a 1 kilometre strike length
Four well-mineralized samples collected from two outcrops, contained anomalous nickel concentrations ranging from 0.54% to 0.76% nickel
Memorandum of Understanding completed with Lac des Mille Lacs First Nations
On December 18, 2024, the Company entered into a definitive asset purchase agreement to sell the property, assets, rights and obligations related to its Sudbury Properties which was comprised of Parkin, Sudbury West, Wahnapitae and Wisner.
As the sale was considered highly probable at December 31, 2024, the assets and liabilities of the Sudbury Properties were classified as assets and liabilities (a disposal group) held for sale and presented separately under current assets and current liabilities, respectively, on the Company's Statement of Financial Position.
At December 31, 2024, the Sudbury Properties were stated at carrying value, which was determined to be the lower of carrying value and FVLCD, as follows:
Note | December 31, 2024 |
$ | |
Cash | 18,370 |
Finance assurance for closure plan | 481,629 |
Exploration and evaluation assets (1) | 2,087,025 |
Property and equipment | 68,685 |
Total assets held for sale | 2,655,709 |
Decommissioning and restoration provision | 2,655,709 |
Total liabilities held for sale | 2,655,709 |
(1) The exploration and evaluation assets included in the Sudbury Properties are certain claims relating to Wahnapitae, Northwest Ontario and Ontario Other as well as claims relates to Parkin, Sudbury West and Wisner Properties. An impairment charge of $486,889 was recognized on these properties to reflect the FVLCD in connection with the asset purchase agreement.
ASSETS AND LIABILITIES HELD FOR SALE (continued)A summary of the Company's discounted liabilities for decommissioning and restoration provisions is as follows:
$ | |
Balance, December 31, 2023 | 2,627,039 |
Change in decommissioning and restoration provision | 508,881 |
Expenditures on Broken Hammer Project | (480,211) |
Classified as held for sale | (2,655,709) |
Balance, December 31, 2024 and 2025 | - |
As part of the acquisition of the Nickel Assets in 2022, the Company acquired the closure liability associated with the Broken Hammer Project closure activities. The Broken Hammer Project has been in a state of inactivity since 2015 and closure plan activities have been ongoing. On February 28, 2024 the Company posted an irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $481,629 in favour of the Ontario Ministry of Mines. Interest on the letter of credit is accrued at a rate of 0.15% monthly.
On July 21, 2025, the Company completed the sale of all property, assets, rights, and obligations related to its Sudbury Properties to Magna pursuant to the definitive asset purchase agreement dated December 18, 2024. As part of the transaction, Magna assumed all liabilities associated with the Sudbury Properties, including the Broken Hammer Project Mine Closure Plan. The Company paid $500,000 to Magna in connection with this obligation. The Company also paid $15,250 to Magna related to a contractual entitlement under the asset purchase agreement representing Magna's share of proceeds received by the Company on the sale of a property subject to a right of first refusal. Magna also assumed responsibilities related to joint venture operations, NSR royalty payments, and annual work commitments. On July 31, 2025, the irrevocable standby letter of credit in the amount of $481,629, originally posted in favour of the Ontario Ministry of Mines on February 28, 2024, was fully released and returned to the Company following the completion of the sale to Magna.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company made payments of $27,684 related to the Broken Hammer Project seasonal discharge and upon closing of the transaction with Magna, the Company paid $138,131 to Magna for seasonal discharge costs incurred up to the closing date, which were the responsibility of the Company until that time. These amounts have been recognized as part of the loss on sale of assets for the year ended December 31, 2025.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company completed the sale of its 50% interest in the Capreol Joint Venture to Vale Canada Limited, which had previously been classified as held for sale. The sale of the Capreol Joint Venture resulted in a gain on disposal of $30,500 recognized during the year ended December 31, 2025.
SHARE CAPITAL HIGHLIGHTSDuring the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company completed the following share transactions:
On July 18, 2025, the Company satisfied the escrow release conditions related to the Offering. Upon release, the Company issued 26,000,000 Units and the net proceeds were partially applied to meet specific cash payment obligations associated with the Sudbury Properties transaction.
On February 10, 2025, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement of 26,000,000 subscription receipts (each a "Subscription Receipt") at a price of $0.05 per Subscription Receipt. Each Subscription Receipt will, subject to the fulfillment of certain escrow release condition, entitle the holder thereof, for no additional consideration, to receive one unit, with each Unit being comprised of one common share ("share") and one share purchase warrant ("warrant") with each warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one common share for a period of 36 months from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $0.075 per warrant. The shares and warrants are subject to a 12 month hold from the date of issuance.
On May 24, 2025, warrants to purchase 20,125 shares at a weighted average exercise price of $0.96 expired unexercised.
The Company issued 648,424, common shares pursuant to the settlement of omnibus awards and reclassified $510,251 from the Company's contributed surplus to share capital.
SHARE CAPITAL HIGHLIGHTS (continued)During the year ended December 31, 2024, the Company completed the following share transactions:
On October 3, 2024, 218,717 RSU's expired and stock options to purchase 322,581 shares at a weighted average exchange price of
$1.11 expired unexercised.
On July 5, 2024, the Company granted 425,000 stock options to certain directors, officers, employees, and consultants. The stock options are exercisable until July 5, 2029 at an exercise price of $0.28 per stock option, and vest in three equal annual installments commencing on the date of the grant.
On July 5, 2024, the Company granted 525,000 restricted share units ("RSUs") to certain officers, employees, and consultants of the Company. The fair value of RSUs is based on the closing price of the Company's common share on the Exchange on the date immediately preceding the grant date. The RSUs will vest in equal one third annual installments commencing on July 5, 2025 and ending on July 5, 2027.
On July 5, 2024, the Company granted 600,000 deferred share units ("DSUs") to certain directors of the Company. The fair value of the DSUs is the closing price of the Company's common share on the Exchange on the date immediately preceding the grant date. The DSUs shall vest when the recipient director ceases to be a director of the Company provided that no DSUs will vest within twelve months of the grant date.
The Company issued 187,216, common shares pursuant to the settlement of omnibus awards and reclassified $95,833 from the Company's contributed surplus to share capital.
On May 14, 2024, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement of 9,479,166 non-flow-through units ("NFT Units") at a price of $0.24 per NFT Unit, for gross proceeds of $2,275,000. Each NFT Unit is comprised of one common share and one non-transferable common share purchase warrant with each warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one common share for a period of 36 months from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $0.36 per Warrant Share.
2,012,035 warrants, 229,166 DSU's, 233,117 RSU's and 411,192 stock options were cancelled or expired unexercised.
USE OF PROCEEDS AND MILESTONESOn February 10, 2025, the Company closed a non-brokered private placement of 26,000,000 subscription receipts (each a "Subscription Receipt") at a price of $0.05 per Subscription Receipt. Each Subscription Receipt will, subject to the fulfillment of certain escrow release condition, entitle the holder thereof, for no additional consideration, to receive one unit, with each Unit being comprised of one common share ("share") and one share purchase warrant ("warrant") with each warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one common share for a period of 36 months from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $0.075 per warrant. The shares and warrants are subject to a 12 month hold from the date of issuance. The gross proceeds from the Offering ("escrowed funds") are being held in escrow. The Escrowed Funds are to be released immediately upon the satisfaction and delivery of notice thereof, amongst other things, of all conditions to the completion of the Company's proposed asset acquisition transaction with Magna Mining Inc.
On July 21, 2025, the Company satisfied the escrow release conditions ("release") related to its non-brokered private placement of 26,000,000 Subscription Receipts at a price of $0.05 per Subscription Receipt for aggregate gross proceeds of $1,300,000. Upon release, the net proceeds were partially applied to meet specific cash payment obligations associated with the Sudbury Properties transaction. In connection with the release, the Company issued 26,000,000 Units, each unit comprised of one common share and one common share purchase warrant with each warrant entitling the holder thereof to purchase one common share for a period of 36 months from the date of issuance at an exercise price of $0.075 per warrant. The shares and warrants are subject to a 12 month hold from the time of release.
The following table summarizes the Company's principal purposes, with approximate amounts, for which the proceeds will be used by the Company:
July 18, 2025
May 14, 2024
$
$
Total proceeds
1,300,000
2,275,000
Allocation of proceeds:
Corporate overhead, general working capital and reclamation costs
1,300,000
2,275,000
The Company successfully achieved its business objectives and milestones using proceeds from private placements, which were allocated toward corporate overhead, general working capital, and reclamation costs. These funds also enabled the Company to maintain sufficient liquidity to meet ongoing operating commitments and continue as a going concern, while supporting the planning and advancement of its exploration programs.
USE OF PROCEEDS AND MILESTONES (continued)Considering the current uncertainty as to the general market and competitive conditions, the Company continues to maintain its fiscally responsible approach to its mineral exploration activities. In particular, the Company continues to evaluate market conditions on an ongoing basis, with the goal of, among other things: (i) identifying the appropriate time to initiate certain business objectives, and (ii) exploring potential alternative, viable opportunities to further develop and expand the Company's business.
The Company notes that there may be circumstances where, for sound business reasons, the Company may be required to reallocate funds, including due to demands for shifting focus or investment in mining exploration and/or development activities, requirements for accelerating, increasing, reducing, or eliminating initiatives in response to changes in market, regulations and/or developments in the mining sector generally and in the price of commodities, unexpected setbacks, and strategic opportunities, such as partnerships, strategic partners, joint ventures, mergers, acquisitions, and other opportunities.
The following table compares planned use of proceeds as disclosed (the "Planned Use") to the actual use of proceeds (the "Actual Use") of the February 10, 2025 Private Placement as at December 31, 2025:
Planned Use
Actual Use
Remaining
Description
Amount
Description
Amount
Description
Amount
Corporate
$1,300,000
Corporate Overhead,
$328,199
Corporate Overhead,
$971,801
Overhead, General
General Working
General Working
Working Capital
Capital Property
Capital Property
and Reclamation
Maintenance and
Maintenance and
Costs
Reclamation Costs
Reclamation Costs
The Private Placement closed in July 2025 and therefore there is a variation between the Planned Use and the Actual Use as of December 31, 2025. The Company does not expect such variance to impact its ability to achieve its business objectives and milestones. The Company continues to expect to use the net proceeds of the Private Placement in accordance with the Planned Use.
The following table compares planned use of proceeds as disclosed (the "Planned Use") to the actual use of proceeds (the "Actual Use") of the May 14, 2024 Private Placement as at December 31, 2025:
Upcoming Work - Exploration and Evaluation ExpendituresPlanned Use
Actual Use
Remaining
Description
Amount
Description
Amount
Description
Amount
Corporate
$2,275,000
Corporate Overhead,
$2,275,000
Corporate Overhead,
$Nil
Overhead, General
General Working
General Working
Working Capital
Capital Property
Capital Property
and Reclamation
Maintenance and
Maintenance and
Costs
Reclamation Costs
Reclamation Costs
The Company is focused on the advancement of its nickel sulphide properties within its portfolio. As of December 31, 2025, the Company had working capital of $1,019,458. The Company intends to achieve the following business objectives during 2026.
Engage in community consultations and future labour sourcing from the local Grasset and Ontario communities;
Advance technical review of the extensive Grasset exploration database;
Analyze geophysical data and further compile analysis of the Grasset property;
Planning next phase of exploration activities at Grasset and Ontario properties.
OUTLOOKThe Company will continue to explore and develop its portfolio of Ni-Cu-Co-PGM properties in Quebec and Ontario. The Company's growth strategy is focused on the exploration and development of its nickel sulphide properties within its portfolio. NorthX's vision is to be a responsible nickel sulphide developer in stable pro-mining jurisdictions. NorthX is committed to socially responsible exploration and development, working safely, ethically, and with integrity.
The Company expects to obtain financing in the future primarily through further equity financing. There can be no assurance that the Company will succeed in obtaining additional financing, now or in the future. Failure to raise additional financing on a timely basis could cause the Company to suspend its operation and eventually to forfeit or sell its interest in its exploration and evaluation assets.
Exploration and Evaluations ExpendituresNorthX is an exploration stage company and engages principally in the exploration of resource properties. Once the legal right to explore a property has been acquired, costs directly related to exploration and evaluation expenditures are recognized and capitalized in the period in which they are incurred. These direct exploration and evaluation expenditures include such costs as acquisition costs, materials used, surveying costs, drilling costs and payments made to contractors.
Exploration expenditures for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 by project are presented in the following table.
Exploration and Evaluations Expenditures (continued)Three months ended
December 31,
Years ended December 31,
2025
2024
2025
2024
$
$
$
$
Grasset
Assay and Analysis
-
-
-
20,733
Camp Costs
2,851
4,448
9,207
113,825
Communications
672
583
2,874
2,428
Drilling
-
-
-
311,684
Field and Equipment
2,040
8,113
18,482
54,533
Fuel
-
-
-
3,843
Geological Consulting
-
27,207
434
290,206
Geophysics
-
4,121
497
40,413
Government Grants
(94,833)
-
(94,833)
-
Ground Logistics
-
-
-
10,300
Health and Safety
-
-
-
366
Impairment Charge
-
-
-
(32,750,284)
Permit and Environment
-
-
1,214
517
Property Maintenance
7,765
5,768
27,804
22,540
Salaries and Wages
(11,992)
13,089
(235)
302,098
Share Based Payments
6,299
43,396
41,990
194,749
Travel and Transportation
-
249
-
20,074
Grasset Total
(87,198)
106,974
7,434
(31,361,975)
Parkin
Acquisition Costs
-
-
-
12,000
Classified as Held For Sale
-
(1,131,363)
-
(1,131,363)
Geological Consulting
-
18,000
-
57,909
Geophysics
-
-
-
9,225
Government Grants
-
-
-
(200,000)
Impairment Charge
-
(263,939)
-
(263,939)
Property Maintenance
-
271
-
28,577
Parkin Total
-
(1,377,031)
-
(1,487,591)
RESULTS OF OPERATIONSThree months ended
December 31,
Years ended December 31,
2025
2024
2025
2024
$
$
$
$
Sudbury W
Acquisition Costs
-
-
-
20,000
Assay and Analysis
-
-
-
162
Classified as Held For Sale
-
(281,640)
-
(281,640)
Geological Consulting
-
-
-
10,963
Impairment Charge
-
(65,705)
-
(65,705)
Property Maintenance
-
-
-
3,132
Sudbury W Total
-
(347,345)
-
(313,088)
Wahnapitae
Classified as Held For Sale
-
(204,789)
-
(204,789)
Geological Consulting
-
-
-
4,604
Impairment Charge
-
(47,776)
-
(47,776)
Property Maintenance
(433)
-
(433)
295
Wahnapitae Total
(433)
(252,565)
(433)
(247,666)
Wisner
Classified as Held For Sale
-
(111,551)
-
(111,551)
Geological Consulting
-
-
-
3,113
Impairment Charge
-
(26,024)
-
(26,024)
Property Maintenance
-
-
-
8,549
Wisner Total
-
(137,575)
-
(125,913)
NW Ontario
Classified as Held For Sale
-
(47,419)
-
(47,419)
Geological Consulting
-
-
-
1,542
Impairment Charge
-
(11,063)
-
(11,063)
Property Maintenance
2,663
933
27,689
10,998
NW Ontario Total
2,663
(57,549)
27,689
(45,942)
Ontario Other
Camp Costs
-
6,435
-
24,180
Classified as Held For Sale
-
(310,263)
-
(310,263)
Field and Equipment
-
-
-
550
Geological Consulting
-
9,424
-
42,534
Geophysics
-
-
-
11,176
Health and Safety
-
-
-
75
Impairment Charge
-
(72,382)
-
(72,382)
Property Maintenance
-
2,430
242
6,804
Salaries and Wages
-
40,375
-
125,875
Travel and Transportation
-
-
-
5,603
Ontario Other Total
-
(323,981)
242
(165,848)
Quebec Other
Geological Consulting
-
-
-
8,394
Property Maintenance
749
-
749
1,136
Quebec Other Total
749
-
749
9,530
Exploration and Evaluation Expenditures
(84,220)
(2,389,072)
35,681
(33,738,493)
A summary of the Company's results of operations for the three and twelve months ended December 31, 2025 and 2024 is as follows:
Three months ended
December 31,
Years ended December 31,
2025
2024
2025
2024
$
$
$
$
Operating expenses
Consulting fees
15,822
2,661
30,856
7,391
Depreciation
-
124
13
3,159
Filing fees
4,683
11,469
60,121
78,758
General and administrative
14,179
20,747
93,175
167,049
Management fees
30,610
180,253
534,975
773,324
Marketing
332
33,448
39,126
223,700
Professional fees
27,404
35,976
151,962
299,820
Property maintenance costs - held-for-sale assets
-
-
91,907
-
Share-based payments
27,401
95,044
142,783
531,672
Asset Impairment Charge
-
(486,889)
-
(33,237,173)
Change in decommissioning and restoration costs
-
-
-
(508,881)
120,431
379,722
1,144,918
2,084,873
Other income (expenses)
Foreign exchange
(130)
516
2,089
563
Interest expense
-
(11,396)
(340)
(11,405)
Interest income
9,053
8,834
52,959
47,905
Gain on sale of equipment
-
-
1,500
-
Loss on sale of assets
-
-
(150,565)
-
Transaction costs
-
-
(6,966)
-
Net loss and comprehensive loss
(111,508)
(868,657)
(1,246,241)
(35,793,864)
The Company reported a net loss of $111,508 for the three months ended December 31, 2025 compared to a net loss of $868,657 for the three months ended December 31, 2024. The primary drivers of this decrease in the net loss were as follows:
General and administrative expenses decreased to $14,179 compared to $20,747 in the comparative period due to overall activity levels being reduced.
Management fees decreased to $30,610 compared to $180,253 in the comparative period due to the reduction of certain advisory costs, as certain oversight functions were internalized and operations were streamlined to support a more focused management structure.
Marketing fees decreased to $332 compared to $33,448 in the comparative period due to the reduction of marketing consultant costs, as workflows were internalized by management and initiatives were streamlined to enable a more focused allocation of resources.
Professional fees decreased to $27,404 compared to $35,976 in the comparative period due to management's strategic focus, and overall activity levels were reduced.
Share-based payments amounted to $27,404 for the period, compared to $95,044 in the prior year comparable period. The change primarily reflects the timing and vesting of stock options and restricted share units (RSUs) granted to officers and employees during the current and previous periods. The fair value of these awards was estimated using standard valuation models and includes assumptions such as expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, and expected life of the instruments.
There was no impairment charge in the current period compared to $486,889 in the prior year comparable period.
RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (continued)The Company reported a net loss of $1,246,241 for the year ended December 31, 2025 compared to a net loss of $35,793,864 for the year ended December 31, 2024. The primary drivers of this decrease in the net loss were as follows:
Consulting fees increased to $30,856 compared to $7,391 in the comparative year due to the engagement of a new consultants as management functions were streamlined to enable a more focused allocation of resources.
General and administrative expenses decreased to $93,175 compared to $167,049 in the comparative year due and overall activity levels being reduced.
Management fees decreased to $534,975 compared to $773,324 in the comparative year due to the reduction of certain advisory costs, as certain oversight functions were internalized and operations were streamlined to support a more focused management structure.
Marketing decreased to $39,126 compared to $223,700 in the comparative year due to the reduction of marketing consultant costs, as workflows were internalized by management and initiatives were streamlined to enable a more focused allocation of resources.
Professional fees decreased to $151,962 compared to $299,820 in the comparative year as management focused resources strategically, and overall activity levels were reduced.
The company incurred $91,907 in costs related to property maintenance costs on the held-for-sale assets compared to $nil in the comparative period as the assets were classified as held for sale close to the end of the prior comparative period.
Share-based payments amounted to $142,783 for the period, compared to $531,672 in the prior year comparable period. The change primarily reflects the timing and vesting of stock options and restricted share units (RSUs) granted to officers and employees during the current and previous periods. The fair value of these awards was estimated using standard valuation models and includes assumptions such as expected volatility, risk-free interest rate, and expected life of the instruments.
There was no impairment charge in the current year compared to $33,237,173 in the prior year.
Change in decommissioning and restoration costs decreased to $nil compared to $508,881 in the comparative year due to sale of assets in the current year which were held for sale in the prior year.
The company incurred a loss on sale of assets in the current year of $150,565 primarily related to payments for the Broken Hammer Project seasonal discharge prior to the closing of the transaction with Magna. There was no asset sale in the comparative period.
The following summarizes quarterly financial results of the Company for the last eight most recently completed quarters:
Q4 2025 | Q3 2025 | Q2 2025 | Q1 2025 | |
$ | $ | $ | $ | |
Net loss and comprehensive loss | 111,508 | 495,415 | 238,050 | 401,268 |
Basic and diluted loss per share | 0.00 | 0.01 | 0.01 | 0.01 |
Working capital | 1,019,891 | 1,013,030 | 220,754 | 410,107 |
Total assets | 4,654,369 | 4,740,089 | 7,851,496 | 6,738,217 |
Total liabilities | 94,927 | 102,838 | 4,056,214 | 2,742,385 |
Shareholders' equity | 4,559,442 | 4,637,251 | 3,795,282 | 3,995,832 |
Deficit | 44,600,629 | 44,489,121 | 43,993,706 | 43,755,656 |
Q4 2024 | Q3 2024 | Q2 2024 | Q1 2024 | |
$ | $ | $ | $ | |
Net loss and comprehensive loss | 868,657 | 33,905,429 | 460,962 | 558,816 |
Basic and diluted loss (income) per share | (0.10) | 1.19 | 0.02 | 0.03 |
Working capital | 812,750 | 755,663 | 1,812,449 | 376,030 |
Total assets | 7,150,650 | 8,095,672 | 41,395,891 | 40,007,188 |
Total liabilities | 2,803,075 | 3,017,880 | 2,796,968 | 3,159,068 |
Shareholders' equity | 4,347,575 | 5,077,792 | 38,598,923 | 36,848,120 |
Deficit | 43,354,388 | 42,485,731 | 8,580,302 | 8,119,340 |
The quarterly trend in working capital is primarily driven by movements in cash from the Company's financing activities, corporate overhead, general working capital, reclamation costs and exploration and evaluation spending. The quarterly trend in total assets is primarily driven by the investment in exploration and evaluation assets from the capitalization of exploration and evaluation costs.
MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICY INFORMATIONThe preparation of the financial data is based on accounting principles and practices consistent with those used in the preparation of the audited financial statements as at December 31, 2025 and 2024.
SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES AND JUDGMENTSThe preparation of the financial statements requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, revenues and expenses. Management continually evaluates these judgments, estimates and assumptions based on experience and other factors, including expectations of future events that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances. Actual results may differ from these estimates and judgments which may cause a material adjustment to the carrying amounts of assets and liabilities. The critical judgements and estimates applied in the preparation of the financial data are consistent with those used in the preparation of the audited financial statements as at December 31, 2025 and 2024.
LIQUIDITY, CAPITAL RESOURCES AND GOING CONCERNThe Company is in the exploration stage and therefore has no cash flow from operations. Its only source of funds since incorporation has been from the issuance of common shares, special warrants, and units. The Company is in the process of exploring mineral claims. The Company has not yet determined whether or when the claims could be economically viable.
As at December 31, 2025 the Company had cash of $1,062,234 (December 31, 2024 - $875,556) and current assets less current liabilities of
$1,019,891 (December 31, 2024 - $812,750).
The Company's cash flows from operations are negative as it is an exploration stage company. During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company used cash of $957,241 in operating activities (2024 - $1,351,001) primarily due to management fees, professional fees, filing fees, marketing costs and general and administrative costs.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company used cash of $129,416 for investing activities (2024 -$2,840,209), primarily related to the closing of the transaction with Magna, offset by the return of the irrevocable standby letter of credit in connection with the closing and cash received from government grants.
During the year ended December 31, 2025, the Company provided cash of $1,273,335 for financing activities (2024 - $2,190,638) due to the closing of the previously announced financing net of share issuance costs.
While the information in the financial statements has been prepared in accordance with IASB on a going concern basis, which presumes the realization of assets and discharge of liabilities in the normal course of business for the foreseeable future, there are conditions and events that cast significant doubt on the validity of this presumption. The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent upon achieving profitable operations and upon obtaining additional financing. While the Company is making its best efforts in this regard, the outcome of these matters cannot be predicted at this time.
OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTSThe Company does not have any off-balance sheet arrangements and does not contemplate having them in the foreseeable future.
RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Related party personnel are those who have the authority and responsibility for planning, directing, and controlling activities of the Company directly or indirectly. Related parties include the Board of Directors, officers, close family members and entities that are controlled by these individuals.
-
The Company had the following transactions with related party entities:
Years ended December 31,
2025
2024
$
$
Wallbridge Mining Company (1)
7,015
97,850
7,015
97,850
Effective November 18, 2022, the Company entered into a sub-lease agreement with Wallbridge for a portion of their premises relating to the nickel assets acquired. The sub-lease agreement terminated on August 31, 2023. The Company also entered into a secondment agreement to provide the Company with Wallbridge personnel for work on the nickel assets on an as needed basis. The Company also pays Wallbridge for the use of Wallbridge accommodations at their Detour-Fenelon Gold Trend site facilities in the Northern Abitibi region of Quebec. At December 31, 2025, the Company had a payable to Wallbridge of $5,306 (2024 - $1,725). Wallbridge and NorthX are also parties to an Investor Rights Agreement and Exploration Agreement.
These transactions were in the normal course of operations.
- Key management personnel
The Company's key management personnel are its directors and officers.
A summary of the Company's key management personnel remuneration is as follows:
Years ended December 31, | ||
2025 | 2024 | |
$ | $ | |
Management and consulting fees (1) | 426,469 | 748,492 |
Share-based payments (2) | 152,592 | 662,140 |
579,061 | 1,410,632 | |
Included in management and consulting fees was $nil (2024 - $131,267) capitalized as exploration and evaluation assets.
Share-based compensation expense are the fair value of options, RSUs, DSUs, granted and $8,679 (2024 - $100,480) was capitalized as exploration and evaluation assets.
As at December 31, 2025, accounts payable and accrued liabilities included $5,306 (2024 - $1,725) payable to directors, officers and companies controlled or related to directors and/or officers. Amounts payable to related parties have no specific terms of repayment, are unsecured and do not bear interest.
PROPOSED TRANSACTIONSAs at December 31, 2025 or the date of this MD&A, the Company had no proposed transactions.
OUTSTANDING SECURITY DATAA summary of the number of the Company's issued and outstanding equity instruments is as follows:
December 31, 2025 | Date of this MD&A | |
# | # | |
Common shares issued and outstanding (1) | 55,281,013 | 55,281,013 |
Warrants | 39,329,257 | 39,329,257 |
Stock options | 1,398,234 | 1,398,234 |
Restricted stock units | 408,144 | 408,144 |
Deferred stock units | 697,916 | 697,916 |
Authorized: Unlimited common shares without par value.
-
Fair value
As at December 31, 2025, the financial instruments such as cash, investments, and trade and other payables are classified and measured at amortized cost. The carrying value of cash, investments, and trade and other payables approximate the fair value due to the relatively short-term nature of these instruments.
The Company is exposed in varying degrees to a variety of financial instrument related risks. The type of risk exposure and the way in which such exposure is managed is provided as follows:
-
Credit risk
Credit risk is the risk that one party to a financial instrument will cause a financial loss for the Company by failing to discharge an obligation. Credit risk for the Company is associated with its cash. The Company has minimal exposure to credit risk on its cash as the Company's cash is held with major Canadian financial institutions.
-
Liquidity risk
Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will encounter difficulty in meeting obligations associated with financial liabilities that are settled by delivering cash or another financial assets. At December 31, 2025, the Company had a cash balances of $1,062,234 (December 31, 2024
- $875,556) to settle current liabilities related to trade payables of $94,927 (December 31, 2024 - $147,366) and has assessed the liquidity risk as minimal.
- Market risk
Market risk is the risk of loss that may arise from changes in market factors such as interest rates and foreign exchange rates.
The Company is not exposed to significant interest rate risk on the basis that it does not hold any financial liabilities subject to variable interest rates.
Foreign currency risk is the risk that the value of the Company's financial instruments denominated in foreign currencies will fluctuate due to changes in foreign exchange rates. The Company does not use derivative instruments to reduce its exposure to foreign currency risk.
The Company is mainly exposed to foreign currency risk on financial instruments (consisting of cash and trade and other payables) denominated in USD. As at December 31, 2025, the Company does not carry significant cash and trade and other payables balances denominated in USD.
ADDITIONAL DISCLOSURE FOR VENTURE ISSUERS WITHOUT SIGNIFICANT REVENUEThe significant components of operating expenses are included in the section Results of Operations. Significant components of mineral property expenditures are included in the section Exploration and Evaluation Expenditures.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATIONAdditional information relating to the Company is available at https://www.sedarplus.ca and on the Company's website at https://northxnickel.com/
RISKS AND UNCERTAINTIESThe Company is in the business of acquiring, exploring and, if warranted, developing and exploiting natural resource properties. Due to the nature of the Company's proposed business and the present stage of exploration of its mineral properties, the following risk factors, among others, will apply:
Resource Exploration and Development is a Speculative Business
Resource exploration and development is a speculative business and involves a high degree of risk, including, among other things, unprofitable efforts resulting not only from the failure to discover mineral deposits but from finding mineral deposits which, though present, are insufficient in size to return a profit from production. The marketability of natural resources that may be acquired or discovered by the Company will be affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company. These factors include market fluctuations, the proximity and capacity of natural resource markets, government regulations, including regulations relating to prices, taxes, royalties, land use, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection. The exact effect of these factors cannot be accurately predicted, but the combination of these factors may result in the Company not receiving an adequate return on invested capital.
Substantial expenditures are required to establish ore reserves through drilling and metallurgical and other testing techniques, determine metal content and metallurgical recovery processes to extract metal from the ore, and construct, renovate or expand mining and processing facilities. No assurance can be given that any level of recovery of ore reserves will be realized or that any identified mineral deposit, even if it is established to contain an estimated resource, will ever qualify as a commercial mineable ore body which can be legally and economically exploited. The great majority of exploration projects do not result in the discovery of commercially mineable deposits of ore.
Financing Risks
Although the Company has been successful in the past in obtaining financing through the sale of equity securities, there can be no assurance that it will be able to obtain adequate financing in the future or that the terms of such financing will be favorable. Failure to obtain such additional financing could result in delay or indefinite postponement of further exploration and development of its projects with the possible loss of such properties.
Liquidity Risk
The Company has in the past and may in the future seek to acquire additional funding by the sale of Common Shares, the sale of assets or through the assumption of debt. Movements in the price of the Common Shares have been volatile in the past and may be volatile in the future. Furthermore, liquidity of the Company's securities may be impacted by large shareholders.
Fluctuation of Metal Prices
Even if commercial quantities of mineral deposits are discovered by the Company, there is no guarantee that a profitable market will exist for the sale of the metals produced. Factors beyond the control of the Company may affect the marketability of any substances discovered. The prices of various metals have experienced significant movement over short periods of time and are affected by numerous factors beyond the control of the Company, including international economic and political trends, expectations of inflation, currency exchange fluctuations, interest rates and global or regional consumption patterns, speculative activities and increased production due to improved mining and production methods. The supply of and demand for metals are affected by various factors, including political events, economic conditions and production costs in major producing regions. There can be no assurance that the price of any commodities will be such that any of the properties in which the Company has, or has the right to acquire, an interest may be mined at a profit.
Option and Joint Venture Agreements
The Company has and may continue to enter into option agreements and/or joint ventures as a means of gaining property interests and raising funds. Any failure of any partner to meet its obligations to the Company or other third parties, or any disputes with respect to third parties' respective rights and obligations, could have a negative impact on the Company. Pursuant to the terms of certain of the Company's existing option agreements, the Company is required to comply with exploration and community relations obligations, among others, any of which may adversely affect the Company's business, financial results and condition. Under the terms of such option agreements the Company may be required to comply with applicable laws, which may require the payment of maintenance fees and corresponding royalties in the event of exploitation/production. The costs of complying with option agreements are difficult to predict with any degree of certainty; however, if the Company is forced to suspend operations on any of its properties or pay any material fees, royalties or taxes, it could result in a material adverse effect to the Company's business, financial results and condition. The Company may be unable to exert direct influence over strategic decisions made in respect of properties that are subject to the terms of these agreements, and the result may be a materially adverse impact on the value of the underlying properties.
Increased Costs
Capital and exploration cost estimates made in respect of the Company's projects may not prove accurate. Capital and exploration cost estimates are based on the interpretation of geological data, economic studies, anticipated climatic conditions, market conditions for required products and services, and other factors and assumptions regarding foreign exchange currency rates. Any of the following events could affect the ultimate accuracy of such estimates: incorrect data on which exploration assumptions are made; delay in drilling schedules, unanticipated transportation costs; availability of third-party contractors; labour availability; changes in government regulation (including regulations regarding prices, cost of consumables, royalties, duties, taxes, permitting and restrictions on production quotas on exportation of minerals); and title claims.
Reclamation
There is a risk that monies allotted for land reclamation may not be sufficient to cover all risks, due to changes in the nature of the waste rock or tailings and/or revisions to government regulations. Therefore, additional funds, or reclamation bonds or other forms of financial assurance may be required over the tenure of any mineral project of the Company to cover potential risks. These additional costs may have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Mining Industry is Intensely Competitive
The mineral exploration industry is intensely competitive in all its phases and the Company competes with many companies possessing greater financial and technical resources than itself. Competition in the precious metals mining industry is primarily for mineral rich properties that can be developed and produced economically; the technical expertise to find, develop, and operate such properties; the labour to operate the properties; and the capital for the purpose of funding such properties. Many competitors not only explore for and mine precious metals, but also conduct refining and marketing operations on a global basis. Such competition may result in the Company being unable to acquire desired properties, to recruit or retain qualified employees or to acquire the capital necessary to fund its operations and develop its properties. Existing or future competition in the industry could materially adversely affect the Company's prospects for mineral exploration and success in the future.
Permits and Licenses
The Company's operations are subject to receiving and maintaining permits from appropriate governmental authorities. There is no assurance that delays will not occur in connection with obtaining all necessary renewals of permits for the Company's existing operations, additional permits for any possible future changes to operations, or additional permits associated with new legislation. Prior to any development on any of its properties, the Company must receive permits from appropriate governmental authorities. There can be no assurance that the Company will be able to obtain all necessary licenses and permits that may be required to carry out exploration, development and mining operations at its projects, on reasonable terms or at all. Delays or a failure to obtain such licenses and permits or a failure to comply with the terms of any such licenses and permits that the Company does obtain, could have a material adverse effect on the Company.
Government Regulation
Any exploration, development or mining operations carried on by the Company, will be subject to government legislation, policies and controls relating to prospecting, development, production, environmental protection, mining taxes and labour standards. In addition, the profitability of any mining prospect is affected by the market for precious and/or base metals which is influenced by many factors including changing production costs, the supply and demand for metals, the rate of inflation, the inventory of metal producing corporations, the political environment and changes in international investment patterns.
Regulatory Requirements
The activities of the Company are subject to extensive regulations governing various matters, including environmental protection, management and use of toxic substances and explosives, management of natural resources, exploration, development of mines, production and post-closure reclamation, exports, price controls, taxation, regulations concerning business dealings with indigenous peoples, labour standards on occupational health and safety, including mine safety, and historic and cultural preservation. Failure to comply with applicable laws and regulations may result in civil or criminal fines or penalties, enforcement actions thereunder, including orders issued by regulatory or judicial authorities causing operations to cease or be curtailed, and may include corrective measures requiring capital expenditures, installation of additional equipment, or remedial actions, any of which could result in the Company incurring significant expenditures. The Company may also be required to compensate those suffering loss or damage by reason of a breach of such laws, regulations or permitting requirements. It is also possible that future laws and regulations, or more stringent enforcement of current laws and regulations by governmental authorities, could cause additional expense, capital expenditures, restrictions on or suspension of the Company's operations and delays in the exploration and development of the Company's properties.
Economic and Political Conditions
The current economic climate for junior mining issuers has resulted in low valuations for their equities. This has made financing these companies difficult without unduly diluting the existing shareholders. Most of the Company's activities are in northern Quebec, an area with strong political support for mining. While some political opposition to mining can exist in any jurisdiction, the location of the Company's operations somewhat mitigates this risk. Significant and increasing competition exists for the limited number of mineral acquisition opportunities available. As a result of this competition, some of which is with large established mining companies with substantially greater capabilities and financial and technical resources than those of the Company, the Company may be unable to acquire the resources and/or additional attractive mineral properties on terms it considers acceptable. Accordingly, there can be no assurance that the Company's exploration and acquisition programs will yield any new mineral reserves, mineral resources or result in any commercial mining operation.
Global Economy Risk
The volatility of global capital markets, including the general economic slowdown in the mining sector, over the past several years has generally made the raising of capital by equity or debt financing more difficult. Heightened geopolitical risks, including ongoing US trade tensions with key global economies, have further contributed to market uncertainty and volatility. The Company may be dependent upon capital markets to raise additional financing in the future. As such, the Company is subject to liquidity risks in meeting its operating expenditure requirements and future development cost requirements in instances where adequate cash positions are unable to be maintained or appropriate financing is unavailable. These factors may impact the ability to raise equity or obtain loans and other credit facilities in the future and on terms favourable to the Company and its management. If these levels of volatility persist or if there is a further economic slowdown, the Company's operations, the Company's ability to raise capital and the trading price of the Company's securities could be adversely impacted.
Inflation
The Company's operating costs could escalate and become uncompetitive due to supply chain disruptions, inflationary cost pressures, equipment limitations, escalating supply costs, commodity prices and additional government intervention through stimulus spending or additional regulations. The Company's inability to manage costs may impact, among other things, future development decisions, which could have a material adverse impact on the Company's financial performance.
Title Matters
Although the Company has taken steps to verify the title to the mineral properties in which it has or has a right to acquire an interest in accordance with industry standards for the current stage of exploration of such properties, these procedures do not guarantee title (whether of the Company or of any underlying vendor(s) from whom the Company may be acquiring its interest). Title to mineral properties may be subject to unregistered prior agreements or transfers, and may also be affected by undetected defects or the rights of indigenous peoples. The Company has investigated title to all of its mineral properties and, to the best of its knowledge, title to all of its properties for which titles have been issued are in good standing.
Environmental Restrictions
The activities of the Company are subject to environmental regulations promulgated by government agencies from time to time. Environmental legislation generally provides for restrictions and prohibitions on spills, releases or emissions into the air, discharges into water, management of waste, management of hazardous substances, protection of natural resources, antiquities and endangered/threatened species and reclamation of lands disturbed by mining operations. Certain types of operations require the submission and approval of environmental impact assessments. In addition, such laws and regulations can constrain or prohibit the exploration and development of new projects or the development or expansion of existing projects. Environmental legislation is evolving in a manner which means stricter standards, and enforcement, fines and penalties for non-compliance are more stringent. Environmental assessments of proposed projects carry a heightened degree of responsibility for companies and directors, officers and employees. The cost of compliance with changes in governmental regulations has a potential to reduce the profitability of operations.
Exploration and Mining Risks
Fires, power outages, labour disruptions, flooding, explosions, cave-ins, landslides and the inability to obtain suitable or adequate machinery, equipment or labour are other risks involved in the operation of mines and the conduct of exploration programs. Substantial expenditures are required to establish reserves through drilling, to develop metallurgical processes, to develop the mining and processing facilities and infrastructure at any site chosen for mining. Although substantial benefits may be derived from the discovery of a major mineralized deposit, no assurance can be given that minerals will be discovered in sufficient quantities to justify commercial operations or that funds required for development can be obtained on a timely basis. The economics of developing mineral properties is affected by many factors including the cost of operations, variations of the grade of ore mined, fluctuations in the price of gold or other minerals produced, costs of processing equipment and such other factors as government regulations, including regulations relating to royalties, allowable production, importing and exporting of minerals and environmental protection. In addition, the grade of mineralization ultimately mined may differ from that indicated by drilling results and such differences could be material. Short term factors, such as the need for orderly development of ore bodies or the processing of new or different grades, may have an adverse effect on mining operations and on the results of operations. There can be no assurance that minerals recovered in small scale laboratory tests will be duplicated in large scale tests under on-site conditions or in production scale operations. Material changes in geological resources, grades, stripping ratios or recovery rates may affect the economic viability of projects.
No Assurance of Profitability
The Company has no history of earnings and, due to the nature of its business there can be no assurance that the Company will ever be profitable. The Company has not paid dividends on its Common Shares since incorporation and does not anticipate doing so in the foreseeable future. The only present source of funds available to the Company is from the sale of its Common Shares or, possibly, from the sale or optioning of a portion of its interest in its mineral properties. Even if the results of exploration are encouraging, the Company may not have sufficient funds to conduct the further exploration that may be necessary to determine whether or not a commercially mineable deposit exists. While the Company may generate additional working capital through further equity offerings or through the sale or possible syndication of its properties, there can be no assurance that any such funds will be available on favorable terms, or at all. At present, it is impossible to determine what amounts of additional funds, if any, may be required. Failure to raise such additional capital could put the continued viability of the Company at risk.
Community Relations
The Company's relationships with the communities in which it operates and other stakeholders are critical to the future success of its existing exploration operations and the advancement of its projects. There is an increasing level of public concern relating to the perceived effect of mineral exploration and development activities on the environment and on communities impacted by such activities. Publicity adverse to the Company, its operations or extractive industries generally, could have an adverse effect on the Company and may impact relationships with the communities in which the Company operates and other stakeholders. While the Company is committed to operating in a socially responsible manner, there can be no assurance that its efforts in this respect will mitigate this potential risk. Further, damage to the Company's reputation can be the result of the perceived or actual occurrence of any number of events, and could include any negative publicity, whether true or not
The increased usage of social media and other web-based tools used to generate, publish and discuss user generated content and to connect with other users has made it increasingly easier for individuals and groups to communicate and share opinions and views in regard to the Company and its activities, whether true or not. While the Company strives to uphold and maintain a positive image and reputation, the Company does not ultimately have control over how it is perceived by others. Reputation loss may lead to increased challenges in developing and maintaining community relations, and advancing its projects and sustaining investor confidence, all of which may have a material adverse impact on the financial performance and growth of the Company.
First Nations and Indigenous Heritage
First Nations title claims, and Indigenous heritage issues may affect the ability of the Company to pursue exploration, development and mining on its properties. The resolution of First Nations and Indigenous heritage issues is an integral part of exploration and mining operations in Canada and the Company is committed to effectively managing any issues that may arise. However, in view of the inherent legal and factual uncertainties relating to such issues, no assurance can be given that material adverse consequences will not arise.
Climate Change
The potential physical impacts of climate change on the Company's operations are uncertain and may include extreme weather events, increased frequency and intensity of wildfires, changes in rainfall patterns, water shortages, energy disruptions and changing temperatures. There may also be supply chain implications from climate change in getting critical operational inputs to the Company's operations. Compliance issues, increased costs, and reduced productivity may result from such physical impacts.
The Company's operations in the future may be energy intensive. While the Company will review numerous processes to reduce its overall carbon footprint in future economic studies, such as the use of electric battery powered mining equipment, the Company acknowledges climate change as an international and community concern. Legislation and regulations relating to emission levels and energy efficiency are becoming more rigorous and may result in increased costs at its future operations. While the Company has taken measures to manage the use of energy, such regulatory requirements may have an adverse impact on the Company.
Information Technology
The Company is reliant on the continuous and uninterrupted operations of its information technology ("IT") systems. User access and security of all IT systems are critical elements to the operations of the Company. The Company's operations depend, in part, on how well the Company and its suppliers protect networks, equipment, IT systems and software against damage from threats, including, but not limited to, cable cuts, damage to physical plants, natural disasters, terrorism, fire, power loss, hacking, computer viruses, vandalism and theft. The Company's operations also depend on the timely maintenance, upgrade and replacement of networks, equipment, IT systems and software, as well as pre-emptive expenses to mitigate the risks of failures. Any IT failure pertaining to availability, access or system security could result in disruption for personnel and could adversely affect the reputation, operations, or financial performance of the Company.
The Company's IT systems could be compromised by unauthorized parties attempting to extract business sensitive, confidential or personal information, corrupting information or disrupting business processes or by inadvertent or intentional actions by the Company's employees or vendors. A cyber security incident resulting in a security breach or failure to identify a security threat could disrupt business and could result in the loss of business-sensitive, confidential or personal information or other assets, as well as litigation, regulatory enforcement, violation of privacy and security laws and regulations and remediation costs.
Although to date the Company has not experienced any material losses relating to cyber-attacks or other information security breaches, there can be no assurance that it will not incur such losses in the future. The Company's risk and exposure to these matters cannot be fully mitigated because of, among other things, the evolving nature of these threats. As a result, cyber security and the continued development and enhancement of controls, processes and practices designed to protect systems, computers, software, data and networks from attack, damage or unauthorized access remain a priority. As cyber threats continue to evolve, the Company may be required to expend additional resources to continue to modify or enhance protective measures or to investigate and remediate any security vulnerabilities.
While the Company governance policies in place to maintain the confidentiality of information, social media and other web-based information sharing applications may result in negative publicity or have the effect of damaging the reputation of the Company, whether or not such publicity is in fact verified, truthful or correct. The Company places a great emphasis on ensuring the highest reputational standards, however, it may not have the ability to control how it is perceived by others. Reputational loss may result in challenges in developing and maintaining community and shareholder relations and decreased investor confidence.
Uninsured or Uninsurable Risks
Exploration, development and mining operations involve various hazards, including environmental hazards, industrial accidents, metallurgical and other processing problems, unusual or unexpected rock formations, structural cave-ins or slides, flooding, fires, metal losses and periodic interruptions due to inclement or hazardous weather conditions. These risks could result in damage to or destruction of mineral properties, facilities or other property, personal injury, environmental damage, delays in operations, increased cost of operations, monetary losses and possible legal liability. The Company may not be able to obtain insurance to cover these risks at economically feasible premiums or at all. The Company may elect not to insure where premium costs are disproportionate to the Company's perception of the relevant risks. The payment of such insurance premiums and of such liabilities would reduce the funds available for exploration and production activities.
Conflicts of Interest
The directors and officers of the Company may serve as directors and/or officers for other public and private companies, including companies in which the Company has invested in, and may devote a portion of their time to manage other business interests. This may result in certain conflicts of interest. To the extent that such other companies may participate in ventures in which the Company is also participating, and to the extent that such companies may receive funds from the Company, such directors and officers of the Company may have a conflict of interest in negotiating and reaching an agreement with respect to the extent of each company's participation. The Business Corporations Act (British Columbia), which governs the Company, requires the directors and officers to act honestly, in good faith, and in the best interests of the Company and its shareholders. However, in conflict of interest situations, directors and officers of the Company may owe the same duty to another company and will need to balance the competing obligations and liabilities of their actions. There is no assurance that the needs of the Company will receive priority in all cases. From time to time, several companies may participate together in the acquisition, exploration and development of natural resource properties, thereby allowing these companies to: (i) participate in larger programs; (ii) acquire an interest in a greater number of programs; and (iii) reduce their financial exposure to any one program. A particular company may assign, at its cost, all or a portion of its interests in a particular program to another affiliated company due to the financial position of the Company making the assignment. In determining whether or not the Company will participate in a particular program and the interest therein to be acquired by it, it is expected that the directors and officers of the Company will primarily consider the degree of risk to which the Company may be exposed and its financial position at that time.
Key Executives and Outside Consultants
The Company is dependent upon the services of key executives, including the directors of the Company, and will be dependent on a small number of highly skilled and experienced executives and personnel. Due to the relatively small size of the Company, the loss of these persons or the inability of the Company to attract and retain additional highly-skilled employees may adversely affect its business and future operations.
The Company has also relied upon outside consultants, geologists, engineers and others and intends to rely on these parties for their exploration and development expertise. Substantial expenditures are required to construct mines, to establish mineral resources and reserves estimates through drilling, to carry out environmental and social impact assessments, to develop metallurgical processes and to develop the development, exploration and plant infrastructure at any particular site. If such parties' work is deficient or negligent or is not completed in a timely manner, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
Potential Volatility of Market Price of Common Shares and Related Litigation Risks
Securities of publicly listed companies such as the Company have, from time to time, experienced significant price and volume fluctuations unrelated to the operating performance of particular companies. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of the Common Shares. In addition, the market price of the Common Shares is likely to be highly volatile. Factors such as commodity prices, the average volume of shares traded, announcements by competitors, changes in stock market analysts' recommendations regarding the Company and general market conditions and attitudes affecting other exploration and mining companies may have a significant effect on the market price of the Company's Common Shares. It is likely that the Company's results or development and exploration activities may fluctuate significantly or may fail to meet the expectations of stock market analysts and investors and, in such event, the market price of the Common Shares could be materially adversely affected. In the past, securities class action litigation has often been initiated following periods of volatility in the market price of a company's securities. Such litigation, if brought against the Company, could result in substantial costs and a diversion of management's attention and resources, which could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial position and results of operations.
Dilution to Common Shares
During the life of the Company's outstanding common share purchase warrants, as well as options and other rights granted or assumed by the Company, if any, the holders are given an opportunity to profit from a rise in the market price of the common shares. The Company's ability to obtain additional financing during the period such rights are outstanding may be adversely affected and the existence of the rights may have an adverse effect on the price of the common shares. The holders of common share purchase warrants, options and other rights of the Company may exercise such securities at a time when the Company would, in all likelihood, be able to obtain any needed capital by a new offering of securities on terms more favourable than those provided by the outstanding rights.
The increase in the number of common shares in the market and the possibility of sales of such shares may have a depressive effect on the price of the common shares. In addition, as a result of such additional common shares, the voting power of the Company's existing shareholders will be diluted.
Future Sales of Common Shares by Existing Shareholders
Sales of a large number of common shares in the public markets, or the potential for such sales, could decrease the trading price of the common shares and could impair the Company's ability to raise capital through future sales of common shares. The Company has previously completed private placements at prices per share which may be, from time to time, lower than the market price of the common shares. Accordingly, a significant number of the Company's shareholders at any given time may have an investment profit in the common shares that they may seek to liquidate.
No History of Dividends
Investors cannot expect to receive a dividend on their investment in the foreseeable future, if at all. Accordingly, it is likely investors will not receive any return on their investment in the Company's securities other than possible capital gains.
Tax Matters
The Company's taxes are affected by several factors, some of which are outside of its control, including the application and interpretation of the relevant tax laws. If the Company's filing position, application of tax incentives or benefits were to be challenged for any reason, this could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, results of operations and financial condition. The Company is subject to routine tax audits by various tax authorities. Tax audits may result in additional tax, interest payments and penalties which would negatively affect the Company's financial condition and operating results. New laws and regulations or changes in tax rules and regulations or the interpretation of tax laws by the courts or the tax authorities may also have a substantial negative impact on the Company's business. There is no assurance that the Company's financial condition will not be materially adversely affected in the future due to such changes.
Litigation
Defense and settlement costs of legal claims can be substantial, even with respect to claims that have no merit. Like most companies, the Company is subject to the threat of litigation and may be involved in disputes with other parties in the future which may result in litigation or other proceedings. The results of litigation or any other proceedings cannot be predicted with certainty. If the Company is unable to resolve these disputes favourably, it could have a material adverse effect on the Company's business, financial condition and results of operations.
The Company's management consider the risks disclosed to be the most significant to potential investors of the Company, but not all risks associated with an investment in securities of the Company. If any of these risks materialize into actual events or circumstances or other possible additional risks and uncertainties of which the directors are currently unaware or which they consider not to be material in relation to the Company's business, actually occur, the Company's assets, liabilities, financial condition, results of operations (including future results of operations), business and business prospects, are likely to be materially and adversely affected. In such circumstances, the price of the Company's securities could decline and investors may lose all or part of their investment.
U.S federal income tax consequences for U.S. investors
Shareholders in the United States should be aware that the Company believes it was classified as a ''passive foreign investment company'' (''PFIC'') during the tax year ended December 31, 2025. Subsequent to that time, the Company has been classified as a PFIC, and based on current business plans and financial expectations, the Company expects that it may be a PFIC for the current tax year and future tax years. If the Company is a PFIC for any year during a U.S. taxpayer's holding period of the Company's securities, then such U.S. taxpayer generally will be required to treat any gain realized upon a disposition of any such securities or any so-called ''excess distribution'' received on such securities, as ordinary income, and to pay an interest charge on a portion of such gain or distribution. In certain circumstances, the sum of the tax and the interest charge may exceed the total amount of proceeds realized on the disposition, or the amount of excess distribution received, by the U.S. taxpayer. Subject to certain limitations, these tax consequences may be mitigated if a U.S. taxpayer makes a timely and effective QEF Election under Section 1295 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended (the "Code"), or a Mark-to-Market Election under Section 1296 of the Code. Subject to certain limitations, such elections may be made with respect to the Common Shares of the Company. A U.S. taxpayer may not make a QEF Election or Mark-to-Market Election with respect to the Warrants. A U.S. taxpayer who makes a timely and effective QEF Election generally must report on a current basis its share of the Company's net capital gain and ordinary earnings for any year in which the Company is a PFIC, whether or not the Company distributes any amounts to its shareholders. However,
U.S. taxpayers should be aware that there can be no assurance that the Company will satisfy the record keeping requirements that apply to a qualified electing fund, or that the Company will supply U.S. taxpayers with information that such U.S. taxpayers require to report under the QEF Election rules, in the event that the Company is a PFIC and a U.S. taxpayer wishes to make a QEF Election. Thus, U.S. taxpayers may not be able to make a QEF Election with respect to their Common Shares. A U.S. taxpayer who makes the Mark to-Market Election generally must include as ordinary income each year the excess of the fair market value of the Common Shares over the taxpayer's basis therein.
