Q2 Financial Statement (Financial Statements Q2 2025)

(In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

(Unaudited)

(In thousands of Canadian Dollars)

Note 2 - Going Concern

Note 17 - Subsequent Events

Approved and authorized by the Board of Directors on August 12, 2025:

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

(In thousands of Canadian Dollars, except per share amounts)

(1)Certain prior period amounts have been restated as a result of a change in presentation for continuing and discontinued operations under IFRS. Please refer to Note 4 - Discontinued Operations

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

(In thousands of Canadian Dollars)

(1)Please refer to Note 4 - Discontinued Operations for details related to the cash flow from discontinued operations.

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

(In thousands of Canadian Dollars)

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated interim financial statements.

For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

1. ‌NATURE OF OPERATIONS‌

   GreenFirst Forest Products Inc. ("GreenFirst", or the "Company") operates as a forest products business consisting of four operating sawmills located in Ontario. On July 2, 2024, GreenFirst announced its plan to spin-out Kap Corporation. Kap Corporation housed GreenFirst's paper mill operations until the spin-out. The spin-out was part of the natural progression of the decentralization and deconsolidation of the paper mill that was originally disclosed by GreenFirst in the fall of 2023. The spin-out of Kap Corporation was completed on November 4, 2024 and as a result the Company distributed the assets and liabilities associated with the Company's paper operations. The consolidated statements of loss and comprehensive loss and other relevant notes have been prepared to separately show the discontinued operations from the Company's continuing operations (Note 4).

   The Company manufactures and markets a wide range of spruce-pine-fir ("SPF") lumber products for use in residential and commercial construction with by-products from production sold to pulp-producers.

   The Company's head office and registered records office is 10 Four Seasons Place, 10 FL, Toronto, ON, M9B 6H7. The Company's common shares are listed on the Toronto Stock Exchange ("TSX") under the trading symbol "GFP".

2. ‌BASIS OF PREPARATION

   Statement of Compliance

   These condensed consolidated interim financial statements ("Financial Statements") are prepared in accordance and in compliance with International Accounting Standards ("IAS 34"), Interim Financial Reporting, as issued by the International Accounting Standards Board ("IASB").

   Our fiscal year is the calendar year ending December 31. The Company's fiscal quarters are the 13-week periods ending on the closest Saturday to the end of March, June, and September with the fourth quarter ending December 31. References to the second quarter ended June 28, 2025 relate to the 13-week period ended June 28, 2025 and references to the two quarters ended June 28, 2025 relate to the 26-week period ended June 28, 2025.

   These Financial Statements were approved by the Company's Board of Directors ("Board") on August 12, 2025.

   Basis of Presentation

   These Financial Statements have been prepared under the historical cost basis, except for investments and cash settled DSUs which have been measured at fair value.

   Going Concern

   These Financial Statements have been prepared on a going concern basis which assumes the Company will be able to realize its assets and meet its obligations in the normal course of business as they become due.

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company reported a net loss from continuing operations of $9.6 million and $8.7 million, respectively. For the two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company reported cash used in operating activities of $22.1 million. As at June 28, 2025, the Company has working capital of $65.0 million including cash of $4.4 million. In addition, as at June 28, 2025, the excess availability under the revolving portion of the credit facility was $39.8 million less $8.1 million of outstanding letters of credit.

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   The Company's ability to continue as a going concern is dependent on its ability to realize positive cash flows from operations. The ability to generate positive cash flows from operations is dependent on market prices for lumber, demand for the Company's products and/or increases in productivity resulting in higher volumes produced and lower costs. In addition, the Company is dependent on supply and demand factors related to the sale of its by-products in the region within which its sawmills are located. The financial viability of pulp and paper mills and their reliance on government assistance in our industry may reduce market demand for by-products, leading to lower market prices and possibly even sawmill closures and/or curtailments. The Company has forecasted its cash flows over the next twelve months based on current lumber prices, duty rates, operating costs and production and sales volumes consistent with the past twelve months. Based on these forecasts, the Company believes that it has sufficient cash/working capital and available lines of credit to finance its operations for the next twelve months.

   However, as a result of the potential imposition of tariffs announced and subsequently paused throughout the year, the uncertainty and impacts of any such potential tariffs related to generating positive cash flows from operations are unknown and indeterminable. The above are material uncertainties that may cast significant doubt about the Company's ability to continue as a going concern.

   These Financial Statements do not include adjustments to the recoverability and classifications of recorded assets and liabilities and related expenses that might be necessary should the Company be unable to continue as a going concern. Such adjustments could be material.

   Basis of Consolidation

   These Financial Statements include the accounts of the Company and the subsidiaries over which the Company exercises control. Control is achieved when the Company is exposed to, or has rights to, variable returns from its involvement with the entity and has the ability to affect those returns through its power over the entity. The financial statements of subsidiaries are included in these Financial Statements from when control commences until the date on which control ceases. The financial statements of the subsidiaries are prepared for the same reporting period and apply the same accounting policies as the Company. All transactions between consolidated entities are eliminated in the consolidation of these Financial Statements. Set out below is a list of subsidiaries of the Company:

   Subsidiary Jurisdiction Direct or Indirect Ownership Date of control and consolidation

   2776034 Ontario Inc. Ontario, Canada 100% September 8, 2020 GreenFirst Forest Products (QC) Inc. Quebec, Canada 100% March 16, 2021 GreenFirst Forest Products (Ontario) Inc. Ontario, Canada 100% January 1, 2024

   Use of Estimates and Judgments

   The preparation of these Financial Statements in conformity with IFRS requires management to make judgments, estimates and assumptions that affect the application of accounting policies and the reported amount of assets, liabilities, income and expenses and disclosures at the date of these Financial Statements. It also requires management to exercise judgment in the process of applying accounting policies. Significant areas requiring estimation and judgment include: assessing the net realizable value of inventory based on estimated selling prices, costs of completion, applicable duties, transportation costs and disposal costs; recoverability of trade and other receivables; estimated useful lives of property, plant and equipment; recoverability of long-lived assets; and employee future benefits. Actual amounts could differ materially from these and other estimates, the impact of which would be recorded in future periods.

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   Functional and Presentation Currency

   These Financial Statements are presented in Canadian dollars, which is the Company's functional currency.

3. ‌MATERIAL ACCOUNTING POLICIES AND ESTIMATES

   These Financial Statements do not include all the information required for full annual financial statements and should be read in conjunction with the annual consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024, which have been prepared in accordance with IFRS® Accounting Standards ("IFRS"), as issued by the IASB. The Financial Statements follow the same accounting policies as described in the consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2024.

   New Accounting Pronouncements Adopted in 2025

   We did not adopt any accounting pronouncements or amendments this period.

   Recent Accounting Pronouncements Not Yet Adopted

   Certain IASB pronouncements have been issued but are not mandatory for the current period and have not been early adopted. The standards applicable to the Company are not expected to have a material impact to these Financial Statements.

4. ‌DISCONTINUED OPERATIONS

On November 4, 2024, the Company completed its spin-out transaction of its paper operations as the next step of its decentralization plan announced earlier in the year. As a result of the spin-out, the Company distributed the assets and liabilities associated with the Company's paper operations to Kap Paper Inc., a wholly owned subsidiary of Kap Corporation, at book value through an equity distribution. The Company closed the Plan of Arrangement that resulted in the distribution of the outstanding shares of Kap Corporation to the Company's shareholders on the basis of one common share of Kap Corporation for each ten common shares (post-consolidation) of the Company. The fair market value of these shares was equal to the equity distribution from the Company's share capital for the assets and liabilities distributed to the shareholders of Kap Corporation on November 4, 2024.

The comparative consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss along with all other relevant notes have been prepared to separately show the discontinued operations from the Company's continuing operations.

For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

Transaction related costs amounting to $0.2 million was incurred by the Company in continuing operations and have been included in the equity disbursement to Kap Paper Inc as part of the spin-off during the year ended December 31, 2024.

The Company sells a portion of its by-products to Kap Paper Inc. as a key input in its operations. These chip sales have previously, been recorded as intercompany chip transfers and eliminated on consolidation for the purposes of preparing the group financial statements. Since Kap Paper Inc. is an external third-party customer to the Company post spin-out, the consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss including other relevant financial statement notes have been revised to include chip sales to Kap Paper Inc. as external chip sales with the recognition of its associated cost of sales. The revenue associated with these transactions for the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 was $3.0 million and $6.4 million respectively (June 29, 2024 - $3.3 million and $6.9 million respectively).

There are certain overhead costs allocated to or from for the Company such as employee salaries, electricity usage and other overhead costs which are determined by the TSA agreement entered into with the Kap Paper Inc. In addition, the Company has a contractual agreement, whereby it leases land, buildings and services from Kap Paper Inc.

For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

(1)Certain prior period amounts have been restated as a result of a change in presentation for continuing and discontinued operations under IFRS. Please refer to Note 4 - Discontinued Operations.

As at June 28, 2025, the Company recorded an inventory valuation reserve of $0.4 million (December 31, 2024 - $0.02 million) to reflect net realizable value being lower than cost.

1. ‌LONG-TERM DEBT GFP Credit Facility

   The Company's credit facility for as at June 28, 2025 is as follows:

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025
   (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)
   Continuity of credit facility
   Balance, January 1, 2025	$ 13,704
   Net proceeds from revolving portion of credit facility	12,500
   Unamortized deferred financing charges on Credit Facility	(43)
   Repayment of Equipment Term Loan	(1,382)
   Carrying value of credit facility, June 28, 2025	24,779
   Less: current portion of Credit Facility	(2,926)
   Long-term portion of Credit Facility	$ 21,853

   Contractual minimum principal repayments related to the credit facility are due as follows:

   Less than 1 year	$ 2,926
   1 - 3 years	6,572
   Thereafter	15,281
   Total	$ 24,779

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company made a net drawdowns of $0.5 million and $12.5 million respectively, on the revolving portion of the credit facility. As at June 28, 2025, the Company has $12.2 million drawn down under the equipment financing portion of the credit facility in the form of a term loan. The Equipment Term Loan has a 60-month term, with monthly amortizing repayments that include both principal and interest. The borrowing is based on select strategic capital expenditure projects and value of existing equipment.

   The Company remains subject to a maximum annual capital expenditure amount relative to budget, as these terms are defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company can draw down on the facility based on a prescribed percentage of accounts receivable and its inventory carrying value, less reserves. As at June 28, 2025, the Company is in compliance with all covenants under the credit facility.

   Under the amended and restated credit agreement, the Company's maximum borrowing capacity under the revolving portion of the credit facility is $60.0 million (December 31, 2024 - $60.0 million) and equipment financing portion of $25.0 million (December 31, 2024 - $25.0 million).

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, $1 thousand and $2 thousand respectively, (June 29, 2024 - $49 thousand and $98 thousand respectively) of deferred financing costs were amortized relating to the credit facility.

   At June 28, 2025, there were $8.1 million (December 31, 2024 - $8.3 million) of outstanding standby letters of credit issued, which reduces the amounts available to draw under the credit facility. Additionally, as at June 28, 2025, the Company also had $5.4 million (December 31, 2024 - $5.4 million) of outstanding standby letters of credit issued backstopped by another third party, thereby not impacting the amounts available to draw under the credit facility. The Company had $5.0 million of letter of credit as at June 28, 2025 issued to Kap Paper Inc. as the applicant was issued and guaranteed (December 31, 2024 - 5.0 million) by a financial institution for which the Company has indemnified the financial institution.

2. U.S. COUNTERVAILING ("CVD") AND ANTI-DUMPING DUTY ("ADD") DEPOSIT

   In late 2016, a petition was filed by the U.S. Lumber Coalition and other petitioners seeking CVD and ADD on Canadian softwood lumber imports to the U.S. On January 6, 2017, a preliminary determination was announced by the U.S. International Trade Commission ("ITC") that there was reasonable indication that the U.S. industry is materially injured by imports of softwood lumber products from Canada and the

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   U.S. Department of Commerce ("DOC") imposed duties on Canadian shipments of softwood lumber into the U.S.

   The initial duty deposit rate, totaling 20.23%, was imposed upon the Company's acquisition of its sawmill assets on August 28, 2021.

   The following table summarizes the cash deposit rates that were in effect along with the preliminary and final revised rates by period:

   Effective dates for combined CVD and ADD Fourth administrative review Cash deposit rates in effect Final Rate

   August 28, 2021 - December 31, 2021 20.23 % 8.05 %

   Fifth administrative review

   January 1, 2022 - December 31, 2022 20.23 % 14.40 %

   Sixth administrative review
   January 1, 2023 - August 1, 2023	20.23 %	35.19 %
   August 2, 2023 - December 31, 2023	8.05 %	35.19 %
   Seventh administrative review
   January 1, 2024 - August 18, 2024	8.05 %	Pending
   August 19, 2024 - September 18, 2024	14.54 %	Pending
   September 19, 2024 - December 31, 2024	14.40 %	Pending
   Eighth administrative review
   January 1, 2025 - June 28, 2025	14.40 %	Pending

   Each Period of Inquiry ("POI") is subject to independent administrative review by the US DOC, and the results of each POI may not be offset but the results within a POI in respect of ADD and CVD may be offset.

   For accounting purposes, a net duty deposit receivable/payable is recorded reflecting differences between the cash deposit rates and the Company's combined accrual rates for each period of review, plus accrued interest receivable/payable.

   On December 16, 2024 the Company entered into a strategic agreement with Mahogany Investors, LLC regarding the sale of its entitlements for refunds of cash duty deposits, including accrued interest, related to duties imposed on softwood lumber exported from Canada to the United States during the specified period of 2021 and 2022.

   The agreed sale price for these entitlements was US$17.4 million ($24.8 million CAD), with the potential for additional proceeds based on the timing and resolution of the ongoing trade dispute. The Company had a nil balance for duty deposits receivable/payable as at December 31, 2024 and June 28, 2025.

   On August 8, 2025, the US DOC's Final Determination of its Sixth Administrative Review with respect to imports of softwood lumber products from Canada for 2023 assessed a duty rate higher than what the Company was assessed in 2023. Based on this final rate, calculated to be 35.19%, the Company will record a non-cash duty expense of approximately US$19.2 million ($26.3 million CAD), plus accrued interest, in the third quarter of 2025 related to the increase in ADD and CVD rates. Cash deposits are paid at the most recent final ADD and CVD duty rates. Amounts paid to date remain held in trust by the US DOC.

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   The Company will continue to reassess the duties deposit estimate at each quarter-end applying the US DOC's methodology to updated sales and cost data as this becomes available. Quarterly revisions to the duties deposit rate may result in a material adjustment to the consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss while the Administrative Reviews are taking place. Changes to the US DOC's existing countervailing duties and anti-dumping duties rates during the course of each administrative review may also result in material adjustments to the consolidated statement of loss and comprehensive loss.

3. ‌SHAREHOLDERS' EQUITY

   Share Capital

   Authorized

   • Unlimited number of common voting shares with no par value.

   • 100,000,000 preferred shares with no par value, none of which are outstanding for the reporting periods presented.

     Issued and outstanding

     Changes to common shares and share capital issued and outstanding are as follows:

     Number of

     	Common Shares	Amount
     Balance, December 31, 2024	22,602,750	273,991
     Balance, June 28, 2025	22,602,750	273,991

     Warrants

     Changes in outstanding common share purchase warrants were as follows:

     Number of Warrants Weighted Average Exercise Price(1) Carrying Amount in reserves

     Balance, December 31, 2024	3,175,262	$ 16.23	$ 9,132
     Balance, June 28, 2025	3,175,262	$ 16.23	$ 9,132
     (1)In dollars per common share.
     Loss Per Share
     For the second quarter ended		June 28, 2025	June 29, 2024(1)
     Net loss		$ (9,593)	$ (14,529)
     Net loss from continuing operations		$ (9,593)	$ (9,946)
     Net loss from discontinued operations		$ -	$ (4,583)
     Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding		22,602,750	17,757,227
     Basic loss per share		$ (0.42)	$ (0.82)
     Basic loss per share from continuing operations		$ (0.42)	$ (0.56)
     Basic loss per share from discontinued operations		$ -	$ (0.26)

     Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements
     For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025
     (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)
     June 28,	June 29,
     For the second quarter ended 2025	2024(1)
     Net loss $ (9,593)	$ (14,529)
     Net loss from continuing operations $ (9,593)	$ (9,946)
     Net loss from discontinued operations $ -	$ (4,583)
     Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding 22,602,750	17,757,227
     Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding 22,602,750	17,757,227
     Diluted loss per share $ (0.42)	$ (0.82)
     Diluted loss per share from continuing operations $ (0.42)	$ (0.56)
     Diluted loss per share from discontinued operations $ -	$ (0.26)
     June 28,	June 29,
     For the two quarters ended 2025	2024(1)
     Net loss $ (8,673)	$ (27,880)
     Net loss from continuing operations (8,673)	$ (9,805)
     Net loss from discontinued operations -	$ (18,075)
     Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding 22,602,750	17,757,227
     Basic loss per share $ (0.38)	$ (1.57)
     Basic loss per share from continuing operations $ (0.38)	$ (0.55)
     Basic loss per share from discontinued operations $ -	$ (1.02)
     June 28,	June 29,
     For the two quarters ended 2025	2024(1)
     Net loss $ (8,673)	$ (27,880)
     Net loss from continuing operations (8,673)	$ (9,805)
     Net loss from discontinued operations -	$ (18,075)
     Basic weighted average number of common shares outstanding 22,602,750	17,757,227
     Diluted weighted average number of common shares outstanding 22,602,750	17,757,227
     Diluted loss per share $ (0.38)	$ (1.57)
     Diluted loss per share from continuing operations $ (0.38)	$ (0.55)
     Diluted loss per share from discontinued operations $ -	$ (1.02)
     (1)Certain prior period amounts have been restated as a result of a change in presentation	for continuing and

     discontinued operations under IFRS. Please refer to Note 4 - Discontinued Operations

     As at June 28, 2025, 403,298 stock options (June 29, 2024 - 451,647), granted by the Company were either not vested or not in-the-money and therefore non-exercisable (Note 12).

     There were no shareholder dividends declared during the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 and June 29, 2024.

4. ‌EQUITY-BASED COMPENSATION

   Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan

   In 2021, the Company established the 2021 Omnibus Equity Incentive Plan ("Omnibus Plan") for directors, officers, employees and contractors. Under the Omnibus Plan, the Company may grant stock options, Restricted Share Units ("RSUs"), Performance Share Units ("PSUs"), Deferred Share Units

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   ("DSUs") and Dividend-Equivalent Rights. The maximum number of common shares which can be reserved for issuance under the Plan is 10% of the prevailing issued and outstanding shares of the Company. The Omnibus Plan was amended and restated in 2024.

   Stock Options

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 the Company granted nil stock options, under the Omnibus Plan (June 29, 2024 - nil). During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 the Company forfeited/expired nil stock options, due to terminations/expirations under the Omnibus Plan (June 29, 2024 - nil and 100,000 respectively,). As at June 28, 2025, 403,298 stock options to directors, officers, employees and contractors were outstanding (June 29, 2024 - 451,647), of which 266,884 stock options were vested and exercisable (June 29, 2024 - 374,515).

   Number of Options Weighted Average Exercise Price(1) Years Before Expiration Outstanding, December 31, 2024 403,298 $ 16.81 $ 2.38

   Forfeited/expired - - -

   Outstanding, June 28, 2025 403,298 $ 16.81 $ 1.89

   (1)In dollars per option.

   The Company recorded an expense related to the stock options outstanding under the Omnibus Plan for the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 of $0.1 million and $0.1 million, respectively (June 29, 2024 - $0.1 million and $0.1 million).

   Restricted Share Units

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company granted 49,270 and 49,270 RSUs (June 29, 2024 - nil and nil) granted at a share price of $4.11 per RSU. During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company recorded a expense of $0.1 million and $0.2 million, respectively (June 29, 2024 - $0.2 million and $0.4 million) related to the RSUs outstanding under the Omnibus Plan.

   The RSUs are valued based on the fair market value of the Company's common shares at the date of grant, and the fair value of the awards is expensed over the vesting period.

   As at June 28, 2025, the Company had 167,634 RSUs outstanding (June 29, 2024 - 97,087 RSUs) and

   as at June 28, 2025 48,544 RSUs had vested (June 29, 2024 - nil).

   Deferred Share Units (Equity-settled)

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company granted 182,532 and 209,335 DSU, respectively (June 29, 2024 - 14,876 and 36,243 DSUs) with grant values ranging between $3.97 and $4.11 per DSU. During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company recorded a expense of $0.7 million and $1.6 million, respectively (June 29, 2024 - nil and nil) related to the issuance of equity-settled DSUs under the Omnibus Plan. The DSUs are valued based on the fair market value of the Company's common shares at the date of grant, and the fair value of the

   awards is expensed immediately.

   As at June 28, 2025, the Company had 315,106 equity-settled DSUs outstanding (December 31, 2024 -

   105,771 DSUs).

   Deferred Share Units (Cash-settled)

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company granted nil and nil DSUs, (June 29, 2024 - nil and nil DSUs). During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   Company recorded a recovery of nil and 0.6 million, respectively (June 29, 2024 - recovery of $0.4 million and expense of $0.1 million) related to the change in the DSUs liability under the Omnibus Plan.

   As at June 28, 2025, the Company had 79,421 liability-settled DSUs outstanding (December 31, 2024 -185,197 DSUs). As at June 28, 2025, the liability related to DSUs is $0.3 million (December 31, 2024 -

   $1.0 million).

   Performance Share Units (Equity-settled)

   During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company granted 39,538 and 39,538 PSUs which are equity-settled (June 29, 2024 - nil and nil PSUs). During the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, the Company recorded an expense of nil and nil, respectively (June 29, 2024 - nil and nil). The PSUs are expensed over their applicable vesting period.

   As at June 28, 2025, the Company had 39,538 PSUs outstanding (June 29, 2024 - nil PSUs) and as at June 28, 2025 nil PSUs had vested (June 29, 2024 - nil PSUs).

5. ‌RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS

   Investment in Boreal Carbon Corporation

   On November 30, 2021, the Company purchased 1,428,571 common shares in Boreal Carbon Corporation ("Boreal") for $0.5 million which is currently fair valued at $1.4 million. Boreal is an entity focused on acquiring and managing forestry projects in North America to generate carbon credits. The Chairman of GreenFirst is a member of the Boreal board. (Note 14).

   There was no change in the investment carrying value during the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (June 29, 2024 - nil). This investment is accounted for at fair value with changes in fair value recorded in net income (loss).

   Management Services Agreements

   Certain directors of the Company, or their related parties, hold positions in other companies that result in them having control or significant influence over these companies. Some of these companies transacted with the Company during the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 and June 29, 2024. Following are the aggregate values of such transactions:

   June 28 June 29 For the second quarter ended 2025(1) 2024(1)

   Fees incurred for services - officers and companies controlled by

   officers 122 391

   June 28 June 29 For the two quarters ended 2025(1) 2024(1)

   Fees incurred for services - officers and companies controlled by

   officers 174 1,176

   (1)Includes fees for management services, administrative support, and reimbursement of expenses.

6. ‌FINANCIAL INSTRUMENTS AND RISK MANAGEMENT

   As at June 28, 2025, the Company's financial instruments categorization and values are as follows:

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   Category

   Cash and cash equivalents Amortized cost

   Trade and other receivables Amortized cost

   Long-term debt, current Amortized cost

   Long-term debt Amortized cost

   Vendor-takeback mortgage Amortized cost

   Other current liabilities, related to cash-settled DSU liability Fair Value

   Investment Fair value

   The Company has classified its investment in Boreal as fair value through profit and loss. The Company uses Level 3 inputs to assess the fair value of the investment at the reporting date as there is no public information available regarding the value of Boreal's common shares.

   The Company's financial instruments expose the Company to credit, liquidity and market risk.

   Credit Risk

   Credit risk is the risk of financial loss to the Company if a customer or counterparty to a financial instrument fails to meet its contractual obligations and arises primarily from the Company's cash deposits and receivables from customers.

   The Company's maximum exposure to credit risk attributable to cash deposits as at June 28, 2025 is $4.4 million (December 31, 2024 - $27.8 million). The Company holds these deposits with a Canadian Schedule 1 financial institution.

   The Company's exposure to credit risk with respect to accounts receivable is dependent upon individual characteristics of each customer. Each new customer is assessed for creditworthiness before payment and delivery terms and conditions are offered, with such review encompassing external ratings, and bank and other references. Purchase limits are established for each customer and are regularly reviewed. The Company does not require specific credit guarantees for its customers and mitigates the risk of potential losses through the active monitoring of its receivables, considering past experience with its customer base, current economic conditions and any known specific customer issues.

   The Company regularly reviews the collectability of its accounts receivable and establishes an allowance for expected credit losses based on its best estimate of expected credit losses. At June 28, 2025, a $0.2 million (December 31, 2024 - $0.2 million) allowance for expected credit losses was recorded.

   The carrying amount of accounts receivable, excluding value added tax, of $18.0 million, represents the maximum credit exposure for its accounts receivables as at June 28, 2025 (December 31, 2024 - $13.7 million).

   Liquidity Risk

   Liquidity risk is the risk that the Company will not be able to meet its financial obligations as they become due. The Company manages its liquidity to fulfill its obligations when due and monitors cash flow requirements daily and projections weekly.

   The Company can draw down on the revolving portion of the credit facility based on a prescribed percentage of accounts receivable and its inventory carrying value, less reserves. The facility matures on September 23, 2028. Drawings under the equipment financing portion are either project specific or based on a prescribed percentage of appraised equipment value.

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   The Company had drawn down $12.5 million on the revolving portion of the credit facility at June 28, 2025 (December 31, 2024 - nil). Additionally, the Company had excess liquidity of $39.8 million (December 31, 2024 - $39.3 million) less open letters of credit of $8.1 million (December 31, 2024 - $8.3 million) backed by the credit facility. Additionally, as at June 28, 2025, the Company also had $5.4 million (December 31, 2024 - $5.4 million) of outstanding standby letter of credit issued backstopped by another third party, thereby not impacting the amounts available to draw under the credit facility. The Company had $5.0 million of letter of credit as at June 28, 2025 issued to Kap Paper Inc. as the applicant was issued and guaranteed (December 31, 2024 - $5.0 million) by a financial institution for which the Company has indemnified the financial institution. The Company also had $12.3 million drawn against the equipment financing portion of the credit facility at June 28, 2025 (December 31, 2024 - $13.7 million) with an additional $12.7 million (December 31, 2024 - $11.3 million) available to draw down.

   The Company also had surety bonds totaling US$5.7 million and $3.8 million outstanding as of June 28, 2025. These bonds are in support of the Company's obligations to the US Department of Commerce for countervailing and anti-dumping duties, the Quebec Bureau de Mise en Marche Des Bois ("BMMB") in relation to timber cutting rights, and the Ontario Ministry of the Environment for access to certain waste disposal sites both GreenFirst and Kap Paper Inc. as the applicant for which the Company has agreed to indemnify.

   Market Risk

   The Company is exposed to market risk primarily through changes in commodity prices, interest rates and the US dollar to Canadian dollar exchange rate.

   Commodity Prices

   The Company's products are commodities that are widely available from other producers; because these products have few distinguishing qualities from producer to producer, competition is based primarily on price, which is determined by supply relative to demand. The Company attempts to minimize the economic impact of these changes through continuously looking for cost reductions in its operations and employing flexible manufacturing schedules that can increase or decrease in response to supply and demand fluctuations. The Company currently does not hedge its exposure to commodity prices.

   Interest Rate Risk

   Interest rate risk is the risk that the fair value or future cash flows of a financial instrument will fluctuate because of changes in market interest rates. The Company has borrowings under its credit facility which creates interest rate risk exposure for the Company. The revolving portion of the credit facility bears a variable rate of Canadian Prime Rate plus a premium, currently at 5.70% annualized at June 28, 2025. The Equipment Term Loan portion of the credit facility bears a fixed rate of 7.70%.

   As at June 28, 2025 a 100 basis point increase in the interest rate on the revolving portion of the credit facility would decrease the net earnings in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss by $0.1 million on an annual basis. Similarly, as at June 28, 2025 a 100 basis point reduction in the interest rate on the revolving portion of the credit facility would increase the net loss by $0.1 million on an annual basis.

   Currency Risk

   The Company is exposed to foreign exchange risk on revenues and expenditures denominated in foreign currencies, principally US dollars. The Company's US dollar denominated sales accounts for a significant volume of its sales. Except for duties and transportation, the majority of the Company's expenditures are in Canadian dollars.

   The Company is exposed to currency risk on US dollar cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable balances.

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

   As at June 28, 2025, the portion of the Company's monetary assets and liabilities held in US dollars are as follows:

   June 28,

   As at (in thousands of US dollars)	2025
   Cash and cash equivalents	$ 1,838
   Accounts receivable	4,065
   Accounts payable and other liabilities	(8,473)
   Net monetary assets in US Dollars	$ (2,570)

   Based on the US dollar statement of financial position exposure at June 28, 2025, with other variables unchanged, if the Canadian dollar were to weaken against the US dollar by 1%, relative to the rate at June 28, 2025, the net earnings in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss would be approximately

   $0.04 million greater. If the Canadian dollar were to strengthen against the US dollar by 1%, relative to the rate at June 28, 2025, the net earnings in the statement of loss and comprehensive loss would be approximately $0.04 million less.

7. ‌CAPITAL MANAGEMENT

   The Company's objectives when managing capital are to maintain a strong statement of financial position and to continuously improve its cost structure to maintain liquidity throughout commodity price cycle and to support access to additional capital for expansion. The Company defines capital as net debt and shareholders' equity.

   June 28,

   As at	2025
   Total debt outstanding1	$ 24,779
   Less: cash and cash equivalents	(4,372)
   Net debt	20,407
   Shareholders' equity	138,774
   Total capital	$ 159,181

   (1)Total debt outstanding consists of the carrying amounts of the Company's borrowings under the credit facility.

   The Company manages its capital through detailed operating and capital expenditure budgeting combined with frequent forecasting. The Company's strategic capital expenditure decisions are predicated on adequate cash flow from operations and through sale of non-core assets to support those expenditures.

   The Company's credit facility contains restrictive covenants that limit the Company's ability to undertake certain actions without the lender's consent, and it also includes the following financial covenant test performed quarterly: a maximum annual capital expenditure amount relative to budget, as defined in the Credit Agreement. The Company monitors its performance monthly as well as its future performance expectations, adjusting as required, so it remains in compliance with the covenants. The Company was in compliance with its covenants under the Credit Agreement as at June 28, 2025.

   Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

8. ‌SEGMENT AND GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION

   The Company manages its business as a single operating segment, being lumber products. The Company harvests and purchases logs which are then either manufactured into lumber and other wood products at the Company's operations. All operations are located in Ontario in Canada.

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025, there was one customer that represented

   10% or more of total net sales for the Company (June 29, 2024 - one customer).
   The Company sells to both foreign and domestic markets as follows:
   For the second quarter ended	June 28, 2025	June 29, 2024(1)
   Canada	$ 15,690	$ 17,438
   United States	68,848	52,212
   Total net sales	$ 84,538	$ 69,650
   For the two quarters ended	June 28, 2025	June 29, 2024(1)
   Canada	$ 26,619	$ 32,372
   United States	129,749	109,725
   Total net sales	$ 156,368	$ 142,097
   (1)Certain prior period amounts have been restated as a result of a change in presentation for continuing and discontinued operations under IFRS. Please refer to Note 4 - Discontinued Operations
   Sales by product line is as follows:
   For the second quarter ended	June 28, 2025	June 29, 2024(1)
   Lumber products	$ 78,087	$ 64,095
   Chips, by-products and other	6,451	5,555
   Total net sales	$ 84,538	$ 69,650
   For the two quarters ended	June 28, 2025	June 29, 2024(1)
   Lumber products	$ 143,716	$ 130,328
   Chips, by-products and other	12,652	11,769
   Total net sales	$ 156,368	$ 142,097

   (1)Certain prior period amounts have been restated as a result of a change in presentation for continuing and discontinued operations under IFRS. Please refer to Note 4 - Discontinued Operations

   Accounts receivable, trade by product line is as follows:

   June 28, December 31, As at 2025 2024

   Lumber products $ 6,227 $ 1,757

   Chips, by-products and other 7,729 5,570

   Accounts receivable, trade $ 13,956 $ 7,327 Notes to the Condensed Consolidated Interim Financial Statements

   For the second quarter and two quarters ended June 28, 2025 (In thousands of Canadian dollars unless otherwise stated)

9. SUBSEQUENT EVENTS

On August 8, 2025, the US DOC's Final Determination of its Sixth Administrative Review with respect to imports of softwood lumber products from Canada for 2023 assessed a duty rate higher than what the Company was assessed in 2023. Refer to Note 10 for further details.

Subsequent to June 28, 2025 the Company made net drawdowns of $1.5 million on the revolving portion of its credit facility.

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