Slide 1: Flash Joule Heating: A New Era of Sustainable Metal Extraction
For personal use only FLASH JOULE HEATING: A NEW ERA OF SUSTAINABLE METAL EXTRACTION PRESENTATION AT COSM 2024, SEATTLE WA 04 November 2024 ASX: MTM
Slide 2: Overview
Overview • MTM Critical Metals Ltd is an ASX-listed emerging Industrial Technology Company at the forefront of innovation in the critical minerals and metals sectors. • We are committed to advancing the commercialisation of our sustainable Flash Joule Heating (FJH) For personal use only metal recove
Slide 3: MTM: Australia & U.S. Presence
MTM: Australia & U.S. Presence KNIGHTHAWK ENGINEERING For personal use only ENGINEERING DESIGN & SCALE-UP Houston, Texas, USA Perth Australia Flash Metals USA HQ (MTM) Houston, Texas MTM HQ FJH PIONEERS / R&D Perth Australia MTM has a Global Licence Agreement for FJH with Rice University Houston, Te
Slide 4: MTM: How can I Buy Shares?
MTM: How can I Buy Shares? • MTM is listed on the Australian Stock Exchange (Ticker ASX: MTM) • The Company is exploring options to undertake a U.S. listing via the over-the-counter (OTC) markets, operated by OTC Markets Group (OTCQB). This is expected to be finalised in the coming weeks For persona
Slide 5: Coming Soon: U.S. listing of shares through OTC Market
Coming Soon: U.S. listing of shares through OTC Market • In the U.S., there is a substantial pool of capital and strong investor demand for opportunities that integrate Natural Resources / Metals with cutting-edge Technology. For personal use only • The Company is exploring options to undertake a U.
Slide 6: U.S. Dependency on Critical Metals
U.S. Dependency on Critical Metals For personal use only >95% reliant on imports for the 13 most “critical” metals, with China being the primary import source for > 50% of these. Source: Visual Capitalist (2023) 6
Slide 7: Disconnect Between Technology and Natural Resources
Disconnect Between Technology and Natural Resources • Modern technology & civilisation is underpinned by metals (underappreciated by most of society). • Critical technologies, including Military Defence, AI, Robotics, Energy Storage, & quantum computing. For personal use only • Lithium, cobalt, nick
Slide 8: The Natural Resources Cycle is Turning
The Natural Resources Cycle is Turning For personal use only Source: Incrementum AG (2024) 8
Slide 9: EXAMPLE: Metals in Electric Vehicle Battery
EXAMPLE: Metals in Electric Vehicle Battery Typical 60 kWh ‘NCMA’ battery For personal use only 185 kg metals • 6 kg lithium • 29 kg nickel • 20 kg copper • 8 kg cobalt Source: VisualCapitalist (2022) 9
Slide 10: EXAMPLE: Datacentres - The Silent Giants of Metal Consumption
EXAMPLE: Datacentres‒ The Silent Giants of Metal Consumption Estimated Metal Tonnes per MW For personal use only Copper (Cu) 27 Aluminium (Al) 10 Steel 40 Lead (Pb) 4 Microsoft’s $500M datacentre in Chicago Lithium (Li) 0.1 required 2,200 t of Copper Nickel (Ni) 0.5 Cobalt (Co) 0.2 Gallium (Ga) 0.05
Slide 11: Global Datacentres (~6,000): Majority in USA
Global Datacentres (~6,000): Majority in USA Global Datacentres • Est. Up to 70 % of World’s internet traffic flows through a handful of rural Number of Data Centres 80 3000 counties in the American northeast For personal use only • Major growth anticipated over next decade 40% of World’s total are
Slide 12: EXAMPLE: Rare Earth Elements
EXAMPLE: Rare Earth Elements Crucial in Defence Applications Smartphone Wind Turbine (iPhone) (3 MWh) For personal use only F-35 ~420 kg REO Arleigh Burke-class destroyer ~2,400 kg REO USS Virginia ~4,200 kg REO 16 REE Elements 4 REE Elements 0.05 kg REO 2,000 kg REO Source: Congressional Research S
Slide 13: Growing Demand and Supply Chain Risks
Growing Demand and Supply Chain Risks • Demand for critical metals will skyrocket over the next decade driven by Computing & the “Energy Transition”. Example COPPER For personal use only Total amount of Copper produced over human history Copper required to achieve “net zero” by 2050 Source: VisualCa
Slide 14: Global metal supplies are dwindling
Global metal supplies are dwindling • High-grade ore bodies have been depleted. The “easy” stuff has been found • More waste material must now be processed to extract the same amount of metal. For personal use only Source: S&P Global IQ (2012) 14
Slide 15: World now depends on older mines with declining grades
World now depends on older mines with declining grades Mine Country Mine Commencement Years in Production 2023 Cu Production Top 20 Copper Mines by Production in El Teniente Chile 1819 205 401 2023 - Dominated by by archaic mines Bingham Canyon USA 1863 161 310 For personal use only Chuquicamata Chi
Slide 16: Chinese Dominance in Rare Earths
Chinese Dominance in Rare Earths • China has ~ 30% of worlds REE reserves, YET • China controls ~100% EV, Wind Turbine, & Military Grade NdFeB Magnet Production For personal use only • China undertakes > 90% of the downstream refining & manufacturing of REEs • Only one single Western Company with ab
Slide 17: Chinese Dominance in Rare Earths
Chinese Dominance in Rare Earths • Early 1980’s (Regan / Thatcher era) ⇒ For personal use only • Major offshoring & Technology Transfer push to China (lower costs & less regulation) • Massive expansion of Chinese R&D into REE Metallurgy and Processing • 1992 – Deng Xiaoping • Magnequench – USA-pione
Slide 18: Environmental Costs of Extraction - REEs
Environmental Costs of Extraction - REEs For personal use only Baotou, Inner Mongolia • World's biggest supplier of REEs for last 40 years • Weikuang Dam: 12km2 of Tailings Dam (artificial lake) • Unlined • Radioactive Source: S&P Global IQ (2012) 18
Slide 19: Environmental Costs of Extraction - REEs
Environmental Costs of Extraction - REEs For personal use only Myanmar’s & China’s clay leaching Major source of cheap REEs since 1970s 19
Slide 20: Environmental Costs of Electronic Waste
Environmental Costs of Electronic Waste For personal use only World’s largest e-waste dump in Agbogbloshie Ghana, Africa 20
Slide 21: Flash Joule Heating: A New Era of Sustainable Metal Extraction
For personal use only Flash Joule Heating: A New Era of Sustainable Metal Extraction 21
Slide 22: Processing Technology Breakthroughs that Changed History
Processing Technology Breakthroughs that Changed History Bessemer Converter Modern Rotary Kiln Fluidized Bed ElecArc Furnace (MiniMill) 1856 1885 1921 1955 For personal use only Revolutionised scrap 1st Inexpensive method Revolutionised Revolutionised metal recovery. to mass produce steel Continuous
Slide 23: ElecArc Furnace (MiniMill)
ElecArc Furnace (MiniMill) U.S. Raw Steel Production by Technology: 1900-2024 180 • Initial Skepticism: Large steelmakers Open Hearth Bessemer dismissed MiniMills, doubting their scalability. 160 U.S. Raw Steel Production (million tons) Basic Oxygen Process Electric Arc Furnace • Nucor's Vision: ado
Slide 24: Introducing Flash Joule Heating (FJH)
Introducing Flash Joule Heating (FJH) • Originally developed by Dr James Tour at Rice University to produce graphene, FJH has evolved into a method for efficiently extracting metals from unconventional sources like e-waste & mine tailings. For personal use only • Potential to revolutionise metal rec
Slide 25: How does it Work? Example Refractory Minerals
How does it Work? Example Refractory Minerals • Target metal of interest “locked” in “glass” jail (tight bond) • Liberate the target metal of interest by thermal shock. i.e. Li from Spodumene For personal use only SPODUMENE (Li) LIBERATE EXTRACT CHLORINE LiCl Refractory mineral matrix 25
Slide 26: Real-World Success with FJH
Real-World Success with FJH Extract valuable metals from Industrial Waste Streams For personal use only Spent High value Li-Ion Batteries E-Waste FJH Semiconductor Scrap Mine Tailings Improve performance of refractory Mineral Processing Operations Rare Lithium Niobium Antimony Earths 26
Slide 27: "Game changer" potential for the Lithium industry
“Game changer” potential for the Lithium industry Spodumene is the primary source of Li globally, and the traditional extraction process involves significant energy usage & recovery inefficiencies For personal use only 3 distinct opportunities Complete Recover Improve flowsheet revamp unrecoverable
Slide 28: E-Waste – a rich source of metals
E-Waste – a rich source of metals Weight and value of metals contained in the 62 Mt of e-waste generated globally in 2022 For personal use only 2.1 Mt 270 t 0.52 Mt 3.9 Mt 120 t US$19B US$15B US$14B US$11B US$8B 44 kt 280 kt 1,200 t 28 kt US$1.4B US$1B US$0.9B US$0.3B Source: Forti et.al 2024; Patel
Slide 29: Real-World Success – E-Waste & Gallium / Indium Scrap
Real-World Success – E-Waste & Gallium / Indium Scrap For personal use only Source: See previous ASX:MTM announcements. 29
Slide 30: Preparing for commercial scale-up with FJH Demonstration Plant
We are preparing for commercial scale-up with For personal use only our FJH Demonstration Plant (“FDP”) Initial plant to be located in Texas
Slide 31: Onshoring Critical Metal Supply Chains - GOLD
Onshoring Critical Metal Supply Chains - GOLD • Strong demand project over next decade due to monetary debasement & worsening geopolitics • iPhone / Gold Ratio For personal use only • In “fiat” dollars – the iPhone has increased in price by ~150% since 2007 (5.5% CAGR) • In ounces of Gold, it has de
Slide 32: Onshoring Critical Metal Supply Chains - GALLIUM
Onshoring Critical Metal Supply Chains - GALLIUM Major Gallium & Germanium Importers from China • Market Supply Issues: The global gallium market has been severely impacted by China’s export For personal use only restrictions, leading to dramatic price increase. • Crucial for various applications, i
Slide 33: Onshoring & Localising Critical Metal Supply Chains
For personal use only Onshoring & Localising Critical Metal Supply Chains 33
Slide 34: Conclusion – FJH = New Era in Sustainable Metal Extraction
Conclusion – FJH = New Era in Sustainable Metal Extraction • The next generation of metal recovery technology For personal use only • Enhances national security by reducing reliance on imports. • Sustainable solution for by converting waste into value • Empowers industries with local access to criti
Slide 35: Contact MTM Critical Metals Limited
For personal use only CONTACT MTM Critical Metals Limited Suite 2, 38 Colin Street, West Perth, WA 6005 Australia Phone 08 6391 0112 | Email info@mtmmetals.com.au Michael Walshe ASX:MTM CEO, MTM Critical Metals Ltd mtmmetals.com.au Steven Ragiel President, Flash Metals USA, Inc. 35