Lithium Universe Limited · ASX:LU7
Lithium Universe — Investor Presentation (May 2026)
42 slides from Lithium Universe's investor presentation, May 29, 2026
Slide 1: Precious Metals Extraction Recycling Division
For personal use only PRECIOUS METALS EXTRACTION RECYCLING DIVISION Silver Extraction from PV Recycling Gold Copper Extraction from E Waste
Slide 2: Gold Copper Extraction from E-Waste
For personal use only GOLD COPPER EXTRACTION FROM E-WASTE
Slide 3: Our E-Waste Problem
OUR E-WASTE PROBLEM WHAT IS E-WASTE <20% ARE RECYCLED For personal use only • Discarded electrical, electronic equipment, • Rest are dumped in land fills computers, phones, and circuit boards • Reason – complex metals and polymers – costly • Est 93.5 Mt to end in Land Fill • High temp smelting and c
Slide 4: Traditional E-Waste Smelting
TRADITIONAL E-WASTE SMELTING For personal use only • Proven large-scale industrial recovery technology • Processes complex mixed electronic waste streams • Operates at extremely high temperatures • High energy use and carbon emissions • Requires expensive smelting infrastructure • Precious metals di
Slide 5: Gold Copper in Circuit Boards
GOLD COPPER IN CIRCUIT BOARDS GOLD USE IN CIRCUIT BOARDS For personal use only • Gold is applied to PCB edge connectors • Contact pads, switch contacts and thin protective board coatings • Fine bonding wires linking chips to their packages COPPER USE IN CIRCUIT BOARDS • Backbone in all circuitry • U
Slide 6: Gold and Copper in E-Waste
URBAN MINING & EXTRACTION For personal use only GOLD AND COPPER IN E-WASTE • Approx 200–350 grams of Au /tonne of E-waste • Printed Circuit Boards – up to 900 grams Au /tonne • Cu in E-waste ranges from 50–270 kg per tonne • Significant silver, palladium and rare metals also recoverable • E-waste re
Slide 7: Gold Mine vs E-Waste Comparison
URBAN MINING & EXTRACTION For personal use only GOLD MINE VS E-WASTE COMPARISON • Approx. 200–350 grams Au per tonne of E-waste • Typical gold mines average only 5–7 g/t Au • E-waste grades can exceed mines by > 50 times • Urban mining reduces dependence on new gold mines • Lower environmental footp
Slide 8: Demand Supply - Gold & Copper
DEMAND SUPPLY - GOLD & COPPER GOLD COPPER For personal use only • Supply constrained, capital intensive, slow to • Total Cu supply – 32-34 million tonnes permit and develop • Demand ~28-30 million tonnes per year • Total gold production = 5,000 tonnes per year • Current LME price of copper – US$9,80
Slide 9: Typical E-Waste Recycling Plant
TYPICAL E-WASTE RECYCLING PLANT For personal use only Can purchase E-waste to feed into GCDE Technology
Slide 10: LU7 Acquires Gold Copper Diamide Extraction (GCDE) Technology
LU7 ACQUIRES GOLD COPPER DIAMIDE EXTRACTION (GCDE) TECHNOLOGY For personal use only • Agreement to acquire global rights • New hydrometallurgical processes for e-waste recycling • Ability to selectively extract gold and copper from E-Waste • Prof Jason Love & Prof Carole Morrison • Edinburgh Univers
Slide 11: Diamide Ligand
• Organic compound – Amide Ligand For personal use only • Contains two coordinating amide donor sites • Selectively binds Au³⁺ chloride complexes in solution • Forms a stable gold–ligand coordination complex DIAMIDE LIGAND • Operates effectively in acidic chloride media • High affinity for gold over
Slide 12: GCDE Technology
GCDE TECHNOGY • Hydro-met process instead of smelting • Gold and copper - soluble chloride AuCl₄⁻ CuCl₄²⁻ For personal use only • Uses a diamide ligand as a selecting agent • Diamide is added - selectively bind to the gold ion • Acts like selective “magnets” for Gold • Diamide gold complex crystalli
Slide 13: Stage – Gold Extraction
STAGE 1 – GOLD EXTRACTION For personal use only
Slide 14: Stage – Copper Extraction
STAGE 2 – COPPER EXTRACTION For personal use only
Slide 15: LU7 Acquires GCDE Technology
LU7 ACQUIRES GCDE TECHNOLOGY For personal use only • LU7 secured exclusive global GCDE commercialization rights • Agreement signed with University of Edinburgh • Patents pending in Europe and United States • LU7 may commercialize and sublicense technology globally • Edinburgh receives 2–3% revenue r
Slide 16: Silver Extraction from PV Recycling
For personal use only SILVER EXTRACTION FROM PV RECYCLING
Slide 17: PV Solar Panels Key to Transition
PV SOLAR PANELS KEY TO TRANSITION For personal use only • Australian target of 82% renewable energy by 2030 • Target of 43 per cent reduction in carbon emissions • PV solar panels key to energy transition • Renewable electricity generation – quicker, cheapest • Global PV market - US$39.8 billion by
Slide 18: Australia - PV Solar Panels
AUSTRALIA - PV SOLAR PANELS For personal use only • 37% of Australian households - installed PV panels • 4 million homes and small businesses • In 2024, 12.4% of Aust electricity came from rooftop solar • Forecast utility-scale PV to surpass 50 GW by 2030
Slide 19: The Problem Today
THE PROBLEM TODAY For personal use only • Globally 60-78mt accumulated waste PV by 2050 • Australia 1 Mt end-of-life PV worth $1B by 2045 • Only 15% of PV cells today are recycled • Rest ends up in LAND FILL • Valuable silicon, silver, gallium & indium 15%
Slide 20: Scraping Valuable Silver
SCRAPING VALUABLE SILVER For personal use only • About 20 grams of Silver – each PV panel • Electrical contacts – flow of electricity • “Fingers" (thin lines) and "busbars" (thicker lines) • >A$67 of Silver in every panel
Slide 21: Tsunami of Solar Waste quote
For personal use only “Australia is about to be hit by a Tsunami of Solar Waste” (International Energy Agency))
Slide 22: PV Solar Cell
PV SOLAR CELL For personal use only Frame Front Glass Encapsulant (EVA) Solar Cell Encapsulant (EVA) Back Sheet
Slide 23: Critical Metals Lost from Inefficient Recycling
CRITICAL METALS LOST FROM INEFFICIENT RECYCLING For personal use only Silicon Silver Gallium Indium (Electrical (Energy (Energy (Semiconductor) Conductivity) Efficiency) Absorption)
Slide 24: Silver in Solar Modules quote
For personal use only In Fact, the Silver that’s contained inside Solar Modules equates to in its totality, Australia’s Biggest Silver Mine” (Australia Smart Energy Council)
Slide 25: Silver Market
SILVER MARKET For personal use only 700 35% • Record demand 680 million ounces in 600 30% 500 25% Photovoltaic chare 2024 Million ounces 400 20% • Industrial demand surged by 7% 300 15% • Growth is expected to carry beyond 2025 200 10% 5% • Photovoltaics and AI as the fastest- 100 0 0% growing drive
Slide 26: Silver Price Responses
SILVER PRICE RESPONSES For personal use only • Demand has started to outstrip supply • Market deficit 118 mil oz • Significant silver price increase • US$15/oz in 2018 to US$73/oz 2025 • 380% increase since 2018 • Silver recovery from recycling will become increasing important
Slide 27: Silicon Market
SILICON MARKET For personal use only Silicon Metal Market Market Size in Million Tonnes 4.49 million CAGR 5.41% Metal Market • 3.45 million tonnes in 2025 • 4.49 million tonnes by 2030 growing at 3.45 million CAGR 5.41% pa • Solar panels projected highest growth rate of 7% til 2029 • Silicon dominan
Slide 28: Traditional PV Recycling
TRADITIONAL PV RECYCLING For personal use only • Shredding and grinding PV cells Initial • EVA (binder) is removed by high temperatures Dismantling • EVA removed by toxic acid chemicals Mechanical • Low value glass applications – insulation, buildings Breakdown • Low silicon and silver recovery • Du
Slide 29: LU7 PV Recycling Technology
LU7 PV RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY For personal use only • Microwave Joule Heating Technology (MJHT) • Jet Electrochemical Silver Extraction (JESE) • Layer by layer separation • Preserves materials in cleaner separable form • High value products instead of waste
Slide 30: For personal use only
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Slide 31: Microwave Delamination
MICROWAVE DELAMINATION For personal use only Microwave Delamination • Microwave Joule Heating Technology (MJHT) • Utilizes Microwave Technology Microwave Radiation • Selectively heat and delaminates PV cells Front Glass Glass Plate • Glass panel instead of crushed glass EVA EVA Solar Cell Solar Cell
Slide 32: MJHT Selective Delamination
MJHT SELECTIVE DELAMINATION For personal use only Back Sheet Delamination Clean Glass Sheet to be Reused Back Sheet Delamination Microwave Microwave Delamination Delamination Front Glass Front Glass Front Glass EVA EVA Microwave Microwave Radiation Radiation Solar Cell Solar Cell EVA EVA GlassGlass
Slide 33: For personal use only
For personal use only
Slide 34: Silver Extraction
SILVER EXTRACTION For personal use only • Jet Electrochemical Silver Extraction (JESE) • Uses electrochemical low-voltage jet to selectively extract silver • Silver dissolves into dilute nitric acid electrolyte • Leaves aluminum and other impurities behind • High purity silver metal recovered from e
Slide 35: For personal use only
For personal use only
Slide 36: Silver Extraction Silver Deposition
SILVER EXTRACTION SILVER DEPOSITION For personal use only Cathode Anode High Purity Solar Cell Silver Anode Silver Cathode Silver Deposition Extraction
Slide 37: Achievements
ACHIEVEMENTS For personal use only • Silver removal leaves impurities – adjust voltage • Silver deposited at the same process • Recoveries better than 95% • 96% purity of silver deposited • Dopants can be cleaned off silicon wafer • Silicon wafer high purity for direct reuse • All high value separat
Slide 38: Recycling Technology
RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY For personal use only High Purity Macquarie MJHT Macquarie JESE Technology Silicon Feed Technology Silicon Wafer Delamination Silicon Silver Electro Silver Electro Solar Panel Deframe Delamination Wafer Jet Removal Deposition EVA Removal Solid Silver (High Purity) Al Junction EV
Slide 39: Microwave Joule Heating Technology (MJHT)
For personal use only MICROWAVE JOULE HEATING TECHNOLOGY (MJHT) Artist Impression
Slide 40: Jet Electrochemical Silver Extraction (JESE)
For personal use only JET ELECTROCHEMICAL SILVER EXTRACTION (JESE) Artist Impression
Slide 41: Precious Metals Extraction Recycling Division
For personal use only PRECIOUS METALS EXTRACTION RECYCLING DIVISION Silver Extraction from PV Recycling Gold Copper Extraction from E Waste
Slide 42: Cautionary Statements
CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS Information Required by Listing Rules For personal use only The Becancour Lithium Refinery Definitive Feasibility Study (PFS) does not rely upon estimated ore reserves / and or mineral resources. The spodumene concentrate feedstock for the proposed refinery has been assumed to