Slide 1: Emerging Sustainable Technologies
Research Emerging Sustainable Technologies Report from 2020 Technology Watch Authors: Elodie Le Cadre Loret, Jan Mertens, Jean-Pierre Keustermans, Monique Créach © Adobe Stock / Freepik Based upon discussions with ENGIE LABS experts Laurent Baraton, Koenraad De Bauw, Emmanuel Girasa, Jim Gripekoven,
Slide 2: Emerging Sustainable Technologies
Emerging Sustainable Technologies We must act now to accelerate our goal of a carbon neutral energy transition. The International Energy Agency published in September 2020, their Energy Technology Perspectives stating that to reach our net-zero carbon emission ambition by 2050, we will need lots of
Slide 3: Objective of this document
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Objective of this document Energy In the future Present a selection of emerging technologies that: Impact energy today Very likely will impact energy in future May impact energy directly or indirectly even though today they seem far away from our current and ‘planne
Slide 4: Green energy is key to solving top issues
Emerging Sustainable Technologies © AdobeStock © AdobeStock © AdobeStock Only 25 % of the required CO2 as a resource will be Green energy is the key CO2 emissions to meet part of the portfolio of enabler for solving the top carbon neutrality can be technologies required to 10 issues that we face ach
Slide 5: Introduction: top 10 issues facing the world
Introduction Emerging Sustainable Technologies We need to adress the first three structural challenges to Energy ensure having the means to fight the other ones! 1986 Nobel Prize-winning chemist, Professor Richard Smalley identified Water what he felt were the top 10 issues facing the world and thei
Slide 6: Water, food and energy nexus
Introduction Emerging Sustainable Technologies Water Food: Water is the keystone for the entire agro-food supply chain. Food Energy: Energy is an essential input throughout the entire agro-food supply chain, from pumping water to processing, transporting and refrigerating food. Energy Water : While
Slide 7: We need to speed up R&D and Innovation
Introduction Emerging Sustainable Technologies We need to speed up R&D and Innovation! Cumulative emissions reductions to baseline trends by technology maturity Net-zero emissions by 2070 Net-zero emissions by 2050 Heavy industry & long-distance transport Mature Early adoption Demonstration Large pr
Slide 8: We will need also green molecules
Introduction Emerging Sustainable Technologies We will need also green molecules (gases/liquids) for industry, building and transport Global CO2 emissions redutions in the Sustainable Development Scenario, relative to baseline trends Source [3] 8
Slide 9: Renewable molecules increase renewable energy demand
Introduction Emerging Sustainable Technologies BUT “Due to efficiency losses in capturing and converting atmospheric CO2, the production of renewable molecules will increase the overall demand for renewable energy drastically.” Mertens, Belmans and Webber, 2020 Modified from Source [4] Sources [4],
Slide 10: Emerging Sustainable Technologies
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Emerging Sustainable Technologies © Adobe Stock Direct Air Capture for Sustainable catalysts as circular carbon Pumped Hydro Cybersecurity and energy transition economy Compressed Air Small Modular Nuclear biomimicry enablers © DNVL © Paul Box Hydrothermal Pyrogasif
Slide 11: Direct Air Capture for circular carbon economy
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Direct Air Capture for circular carbon economy © AdobeStock
Slide 12: CO2 capture from the air: myth or reality?
Direct Air Capture for circular carbon economy Emerging Sustainable Technologies CO2 capture from the air: myth or reality? Technology wise, a reality Carbon dioxide can be removed from ambient air through chemical processes based on acid-base reactions. Direct Air Capture (DAC) is comparable to the
Slide 13: Why capture from the air when there are concentrated sources?
Direct Air Capture for circular carbon economy Emerging Sustainable Technologies Why capture from the air when there are so many concentrated CO2 sources? Advantages Challenges These challenges can be DAC can capture the CO2 emitted by decentralized CO2 in the atmosphere is highly overcome by: sourc
Slide 14: CO2 capture from the air: myth or reality?
Direct Air Capture for circular carbon economy Emerging Sustainable Technologies CO2 capture from the air: myth or reality? Next 5-10 years a major milestone to go from myth to reality The leading DAC technology developers are all striving for the first large scale demonstration where the economics
Slide 15: Pumped Hydro Compressed Air
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Pumped Hydro Compressed Air © DR
Slide 16: Hybridization of CAES with a thermodynamic cycle
Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Emerging Sustainable Technologies Hybridization of a mechanical solution (CAES) with a thermo- dynamic cycle offers a novel energy storage Compressed Air Energy Storage (CAES) Pumped Hydroelectric Storage (PHS) Industrial development (Adiabatic CAES): Industrial developme
Slide 17: Merging CAES and PHS: new opportunities
Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Emerging Sustainable Technologies Merging CAES and PHS: new opportunities for both systems ADVANTAGES: CHALLENGES: Trigeneration storage can be expected: Optimisation of the pump-turbine design for heat, cold and power can be managed increasing the cavern depth of dischar
Slide 18: Towards commercialisation of offshore HPES concept
Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Emerging Sustainable Technologies Towards the commercialisation of the offshore Hydro-Pneumatic Energy Storage (HPES) concept Energy storage device (ocean CAES) can be integrated directly into a floating offshore platform. Thus energy is stored using a Hydro- Pneumatic Li
Slide 19: Emerging topic with projects developing commercial facilities
Pumped Hydro Compressed Air Emerging Sustainable Technologies An emerging topic with projects already developing commercial facilities Power grid storage & Wind or PV farm integration Ground Level FLASC Remora demonstrator Integrated Diverse pilot since patented by Segula Energy Storage 2017 Technol
Slide 20: Small Modular Reactor
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Small Modular Reactor © AdobeStock
Slide 21: Small modular reactors defined
Small Modular Reactor Emerging Sustainable Technologies Small modular reactors (SMRs) are commonly defined as nuclear reactors of 300MWe equivalent or less, designed with modular factory fabrication Water pool Reactor building Steam line Provide an ultimate heat sink that Prevent the release of radi
Slide 22: SMRs bring answers to nuclear economy questions
Small Modular Reactor Emerging Sustainable Technologies SMRs bring sensible answers to crucial questions relative to nuclear economy Enabler of neutral- Turning waste into carbon transition watts Investment-grade new Inherently safer Better size compatibility with Reduce nuclear waste by build proje
Slide 23: SMR development globally with 2 demonstration plants
Small Modular Reactor Emerging Sustainable Technologies SMR is already in development globally with 2 demonstration plants already built IMSR (Terrestrial) TRL 4 SSR-W (Moltex) TRL 3 Thermal molten salt reactor. Fast molten salt reactor. Under design for construction Under licensing for at NBP Point
Slide 24: Challenges require qualified human resources
Small Modular Reactor Emerging Sustainable Technologies The known challenges from this high technology requires qualified and experimented human ressources 1. International Licensing strategy 2. Improved value chain Multi-lateral harmonisation Built-in design lessons learned from recent projects Cou
Slide 25: Cybersecurity and biomimicry for society resilience
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Cybersecurity and biomimicry for society resilience © AdobeStock
Slide 26: Keeping systems cyber-secure while enlarging digital footprint
Cybersecurity and biomimicry for society resilience Emerging Sustainable Technologies How to keep systems cyber-secure while enlarging the digital footprint? Resilience is needed Cyber Attack on digital equipment Lost of Impacted IoT Viruses Confidentiality Loss of production & revenues Targeted and
Slide 27: Learning from nature to self-repair IoT devices
Cybersecurity and biomimicry for society resilience Emerging Sustainable Technologies We can learn from nature on how to equip IoT devices with a mechanism to self-repair after being cyber-attacked Self-healing NATURE Starfish has the capability to regenerate limps after being crippled Starfish TECH
Slide 28: The biomimicry eight steps loop method
Cybersecurity and biomimicry for society resilience Emerging Sustainable Technologies The biomimicry eight steps loop method 4 Identification of 8 Tests and implementations biological models 3 Transposition to biology 7 Transposition to technology 2 Technical problem abstraction 6 Biological strateg
Slide 29: Comparison of biomimicry projects around the world
Cybersecurity and biomimicry for society resilience Emerging Sustainable Technologies Comparison of different biomimicry projects available around the world Human Immune Human Immune System-Antibodies Bio-phenomena: System Eusocial bahaviours Ant colony 8 9 Human Immune in ant colonies 5 6 7 System–
Slide 30: Sustainable catalysts as energy transition enablers
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Sustainable catalysts as energy transition enablers © AdobeStock
Slide 31: Catalysis is a key enabling technology
Sustainable catalysts as energy transition enablers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Catalysis is a key enabling technology for energy transition Both energy (heat, electrons, photons) and Its performance is driven by: Comparison of activation energy with catalyst are required to convert • Its comp
Slide 32: PGM catalysts dominate today's applications
Sustainable catalysts as energy transition enablers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Platinum group metal (PGM) catalysts dominate today’s applications CHALLENGES Even at high production volumes, the PGM catalyst is expected to represent a significant part of the fuel cell cost. The wide developmen
Slide 33: Conventional, alternative and tomorrow's catalysts
Sustainable catalysts as energy transition enablers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Conventional catalysts Alternative catalysts Tomorrow’s catalysts Fossil fuel feedstock Renewable feedstock Renewable feedstock Harsh reaction conditions Mild reaction conditions Mild reaction conditions Low proces
Slide 34: Future catalysts based on earth-abundant materials
Sustainable catalysts as energy transition enablers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Future catalyst will have to be based on earth-abundant materials and will require to work at moderate pressure and temperature ultimately The biocatalytic approach could allow the convergence of both approaches AD
Slide 35: Power-to-proteins
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Power-to-proteins © AdobeStock
Slide 36: Power-to-proteins production by bacterial cultures
Power-to-proteins Emerging Sustainable Technologies Power-to-proteins approach consists in the production of a protein-rich material by bacterial cultures using electrolytic H2 as energy source Commonly used microorganisms are hydrogenotrophs like Cupravidius necator, Rhodococcus opacus or Hydrogeno
Slide 37: Protein pathway remains to be demonstrated at scale
Power-to-proteins Emerging Sustainable Technologies This no-brainer protein production pathway remains to be demonstrated economically at scale and socially accepted Parameter Animal based Vegetable based Microbial Land footprint High and only Low and can be arable Medium and only arable barren Food
Slide 38: Portfolio of start-ups and partnerships
Power-to-proteins Emerging Sustainable Technologies A dynamic portfolio of start-ups developing the subject at different stages and with different focuses. Oil and gas as well as electricity utilities are partnering Start-ups In partnerships with 38
Slide 39: Growing biotech economy
Power-to-proteins Emerging Sustainable Technologies The steadily growing biotech economy is experiencing an ever growing momentum pulled by key enabling technologies to harness biology without wasting resources Biotechnologies have been ever rising since a Cost per Human Genome Sequenced Similaritie
Slide 40: Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and waste
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and waste © AdobeStock
Slide 41: Hydrothermal gasification converts liquid organic waste
Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and waste Emerging Sustainable Technologies Hydrothermal Gasification converts liquid organic waste into green gases in contrast to pyrogasification processes which valorize dry organic waste What is a liquid © Dominique VERNIER Digestates from Sewage sludge from
Slide 42: Gasification in hot compressed water
Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and waste Emerging Sustainable Technologies Hydrothermal Gasification is gasification in hot compressed water which uses water in a supercritical state Hydrothermal reactor © Lionel Le Saux / SIPA Syngas above the water supercritical point (221 bar, 374°C) 260-30
Slide 43: Complementary or competitive pathway for green gas
Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and waste Emerging Sustainable Technologies Hydrothermal Gasification is either a complementary or competitive alternative pathway for green gas production from organic waste © etagautier.com ADVANTAGES CHALLENGES Complementary to pyrogasification process which v
Slide 44: Gas companies and infrastructures involved
Hydrothermal gasification of biomass and waste Emerging Sustainable Technologies Gas companies and transport infrastructures are involved in the & development of the sector by providing support to technology developers and to & initiate pilot or demonstration projects 44
Slide 45: Pyrogasification of waste (Solid Recovered Fuel)
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Pyrogasification of waste (Solid Recovered Fuel) © Paul Box
Slide 46: Pyrogasification of SRF converts dry waste into energy carriers
Pyrogasification of waste (Solid Recovered Fuel) Emerging Sustainable Technologies Pyrogasification of Solid Recovered Fuel (SRF) is an efficient way to convert dry waste into several energy carriers Heat & Power FROM SMALL (2 MWTH) TO HIGH UNIT CAPACITIES (<100 MWTH) ηpower : 25-35% Cogeneration ηh
Slide 47: Pyrogasification of dry wood is mature
Pyrogasification of waste (Solid Recovered Fuel) Emerging Sustainable Technologies Pyrogasification of dry wood is a mature technology also flexible to turn various waste into valuable end-products in the future ADVANTAGES CHALLENGES It reduces waste dumping and its impact on Health & Costly pretrea
Slide 48: Few examples of waste pyrogasification available
Pyrogasification of waste (Solid Recovered Fuel) Emerging Sustainable Technologies While biomass pyrogasification has been widely proven, only few examples of waste pyrogasification are available Cogeneration unit of (50 MWelectricity, 90 Enerkem inaugurated in 2014 an MW Heat) from 160 MW of SRF in
Slide 49: Multi-purpose offshore platforms
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Multi-purpose offshore platforms © DNVL
Slide 50: Multi-purpose offshore platform opportunity
Multi-purpose offshore platform Emerging Sustainable Technologies Multi-purpose offshore platform is an oppportunity of exploiting synergies for activating (far-)offshore economic activities What it is? a constellation of various offshore industrial and other activities, like renewable energy genera
Slide 51: Multi-purpose platforms reduce environmental pressure
Multi-purpose offshore platform Emerging Sustainable Technologies Compared to several single-use platforms, multi-purpose platforms reduce environmental pressure on the oceans but governance, public acceptance and still present technical issues make their implementation challenging Floating satellit
Slide 52: Development supported by European Commission programs
Multi-purpose offshore platform Emerging Sustainable Technologies Their development is mainly supported by different European Commission research programs Ocean of Tomorrow within the FP7, with around 31 projects including: MERMAID: offshore wind farms, marine aquaculture and wave energy. TROPOS: de
Slide 53: Green Ammonia and Smart Fertilizers
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Green Ammonia and Smart Fertilizers © AdobeStock
Slide 54: Tomorrow's green fertilizer production
Green Ammonia and Smart Fertilizers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Tomorrow’s 1 The combination of the production of green ammonia form renewable electricity derived from wind, PV or hydro, while using carbon dioxide from conventional power plants, industry or through green fertilizer direct air
Slide 55: Drivers of sustainable small-scale fertilizer production
Green Ammonia and Smart Fertilizers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Drivers of sustainable small-scale fertilizer production PROCESS INCREASING DEMAND LONG-RANGE CONSTRAINTS in the food/agriculture TRANSPORT to isolated Intermittency effect on GEOGRAPHICAL market. How to reliably areas adds a subs
Slide 56: Green fertilizer production is an active sector of innovation
Green Ammonia and Smart Fertilizers Emerging Sustainable Technologies Green fertilizer production is an active sector of innovation Short to Mid-term solutions Long-term solutions TARGETS: TARGETS: Higher catalyst activity at low temperature Higher faradaic efficiency Lower synthesis loop pressure H
Slide 57: Conclusions
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Conclusions
Slide 58: Energy in the future
Conclusions Emerging Sustainable Technologies Energy In the future 2050 2030 Selected indicators to reach net-zero emissions by 2050 through technology Energy Today Source [3] 58
Slide 59: Discussion / Questions
Emerging Sustainable Technologies Research Discussion / Questions Feel free to contact us @ jan.mertens@engie.com / elodie.lecadre@engie.com
Slide 60: References
Emerging Sustainable Technologies [1] Smalley R.E., 2005. Future Global Energy Prosperity: The Terawatt Challenge. MRS Threats. Fifth IEEE Conference on Self-Adaptive and Self-Organizing Systems [42] Senior, M., 2020. Europe’s biotech renaissance. Nat Biotechnol.,38, 408–415. [59] Madrid, U.P.d. D4.
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