Slide 1: Introduction to HVO pre-treatment
Introduction to HVO pre-treatment Andrew Logan − Processing fats and oils as feedstocks 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 1 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 2: What we'll talk about today
What we’ll talk about today − Agenda • The pre-treatment process • Factors affecting pre-treatment process design • Considerations to bear in mind beyond the pre-treatment process • Why Alfa Laval 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 2 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 3: The HVO complex
The HVO complex − Alfa Laval solutions in all parts of the complex Hydrogen Sulphur production H2 H2S recovery Vegetable Renewable fuels and animal – Diesel fats and oils – Biojet H2O Feed pre-treatment Water management HVO processes 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 3 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 4: The HVO complex
The HVO complex − Alfa Laval solutions in all parts of the complex Alfa Laval solutions Crude palm oil Process Other seed oils water Degumming Adsorption Pre-treatment (PTU) Basic process design and critical Used cooking oil Chloride Polyethylene Tallow mitigation removal equipment supply Waste heat
Slide 5: The HVO complex
The HVO complex − Alfa Laval solutions in all parts of the complex Alfa Laval solutions Value for end users Pre-treatment (PTU) Basic process design and critical • Maximum feed stock flexibility equipment supply • Longest catalyst life cycle HVO processes • Maximum product yield Process optimization
Slide 6: Why pre-treat?
Why pre-treat? • To remove contaminants in crude fats and oils feedstocks or to reduce them to acceptable levels • To protect equipment and maximize catalyst lifetime • To ensure high yields of renewable diesel downstream 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 6 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 7: Why pre-treat?
Why pre-treat? Removal or reduction of contaminants, such as: • Chlorides • Insoluble impurities (solids) • Polyethylene • Phospholipids and other phosphorus compounds • Proteins • Metals • Moisture • Others: Free fatty acids and sulphur compounds 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 7 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 8: Typical PTU feedstock quality parameters
Typical PTU feedstock quality parameters Vegetable Animal fat Used Component Unit oils (Cat 3) cooking oil Free fatty acids (FFAs) % 3 20 7 Moisture and volatile matter % 0.5 1.5 1 Insoluble impurities % 0.2 0.5 0.5 Unsaponifiables % 1 1 1.5 Phosphorus ppm 250 200 5 Total metals (Mg, B, Na, Fe, Zn,
Slide 9: Typical HVO feedstock quality parameters
Typical HVO feedstock quality parameters Provider Provider Provider Provider Component Unit A B C D Free fatty acids (FFAs) % 15 25 20 20 Moisture and volatile matter % 0.05 0.05 0.05 0.07 Insoluble impurities % 0.05 0.01 0.01 0.01 Unsaponifiables % 1 1 1 1 Phosphorus ppm 3 3 3 2 Total metals (Mg, B
Slide 10: Contaminant removal
Contaminant removal − Process setup Chloride Polyethylene Special mitigation removal Adsorption degumming (optional) (optional) Contaminants treated Contaminants treated Contaminants treated Contaminants treated Chlorides Polyethylene Chlorides Solids Solids Solids Phosphorus Phosphorus Proteins Pro
Slide 11: Why degumming?
Why degumming? • All fats and oils contain gums, or gum-like material (phosphatides or phospholipids) • Removal of gums and gum-like material is a ‘must’ before exposing fats and oils to high temperatures to prevent: − Fouling of heat exchanger surfaces − Catalyst pressure drop − Loss of catalyst ac
Slide 12: Special degumming
Special degumming 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 12 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 13: Why adsorption?
Why adsorption? • To remove residual phosphatides after degumming • To reduce metal content 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 13 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 14: What is bleaching earth?
What is bleaching earth? • Aluminium silicates (bentonite, montmorillonite, attapulgite) • Acid activated to enlarge inner surface • Typically 40 m2 pore surface area per gram • Adjusted particle size distribution to ensure good filtration • Quality varies – price and performance is often related 17
Slide 15: Example of adsorption section
Example of adsorption section 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 15 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 16: Key equipment
Key equipment − Mandatory supply Process line equipment • Centrifuges • Pressure leaf filters • Process vessels and reactors • Heat exchangers • Dynamic mixers 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 16 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 17: PTU design considerations
PTU design considerations Considerations • Feedstock(s) • By-product disposal • Location • Number of lines/trains • Availability 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 17 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 18: Wastewater management
Wastewater management − Maximum recovery, recycle, reuse! Wastewater produced in PTU plant • Degumming section − 5–10% of oil flow − Phosphorous compounds • Chloride mitigation section − 5–10% of oil flow − Chlorides 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 18 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 19: Wastewater management
Wastewater management − Case study of 2,800 m 3/day new PTU complex 4.0 t/h, @ 4 bar Fresh steam 20.8 t/h, Recycled water 0% total dissolved solids 17 t/h, 0.7–3% Wastewater fatty matter Waste < 0.5 t/h, 30% fatty matter = Zero liquid discharge Waste heat recovery from fractionation section ~ 10 t/h
Slide 20: Desalination
Desalination − Usage of waste heat from HVO process to generate process water for the PTU • Using waste heat recovered from the HVO processes as energy to produce water below 2 ppm of total dissolved solids (TDS) from sea, river or groundwater source • No fresh steam required to run these plants bec
Slide 21: Edible oil process line portfolio
Edible oil process line portfolio − Comprehensive solutions Biodiesel/HVO feedstock Crush and Clarify and Degum/ Bleach Deodorize Modify extract water degum neutralize/ Cooking oils dewax Modify by fractionation, Crude palm oil interesterification or Olive oil Bleaching (absorption) hydrogenation to
Slide 22: References
References Fats and oils • More than 500 complete refineries (with neutralization/degumming, bleaching, deodorization) • Thousands of individual process sections Pre-treatment • More than 20 engineering projects • More than 5 plants under construction or in operation 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 22 | w
Slide 23: Why Alfa Laval?
Why Alfa Laval? − Comprehensive Alfa Laval pre-treatment systems for HVO production Boost HVO quality and yield • Flexible, automated pre-treatment systems for continuous handling high volumes of multiple feedstocks • Vast experience in energy-efficient and robust processing for the edible oil and t
Slide 24: Why Alfa Laval?
Why Alfa Laval? − Continuing support • 24/7 hotline for process/plant support available in selected countries • Remote connectivity • Service Level Agreements First 1–2 years (longer term possible) − Four to six recommended visits Year 3 onwards − Two to four recommended visits • Process development
Slide 25: Q&A
Q&A 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 25 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 26: Any further questions
Any further questions Please feel free to contact: Andrew Logan Regional Business Manager – Europe, Edible Oil Systems andrew.logan@alfalaval.com +45 39 53 62 13 Visit our web page on HVO pre-treatment systems 17/03/2021 | © Alfa Laval 26 | www.alfalaval.com
Slide 27: www.alfalaval.com
www.alfalaval.com