Cummins Inc. · NYSE:CMI

Cummins — Technical Presentation (January 2019)

38 slides from Cummins's technical presentation, Jan 22, 2019

1. Slide 1: Functions and Features of Generator Set Control Based Paralleling

   Functions and Features of Generator Set Control Based Paralleling PowerHour webinar series for consulting engineers Experts you trust. Excellence you count on. January 22nd, 2019 11:00 PDT / 13:00 CDT (1PDH issued by Cummins)

2. Slide 2: Welcome!

   Welcome! PowerHour is designed to help our engineer partners to… • Keep up to date on products, technology, and codes and standards development • Interact with Cummins experts and gain access to ongoing technical support • Participate at your convenience, live or on-demand • Earn Professional Develo

3. Slide 3: Meet your panelists

   Meet your panelists Cummins presenter: Cummins facilitator: High Resolution Headshot Hassan R Obeid Tom Bakritzes, Global Technical Advisor – Systems and Controls Global Sales Training Manager Cummins Inc. Cummins Inc. Your local Cummins contacts:  Western Canada: Ian Lindquist (ian.Lindquist@cummi

4. Slide 4: Disclaimer

   Disclaimer The views and opinions expressed in this course shall not be considered the official position of any regulatory organization and shall not be considered to be, nor be relied upon as, a Formal Interpretation. Participants are encouraged to refer to the entire text of all referenced documen

5. Slide 5: Course Objectives

   Course Objectives Functions and Features of Generator Set Control Based Paralleling This course provides a comprehensive overview of a typical paralleling emergency power system and dives into the fundamental key features needed to parallel generator sets. Throughout this course, the instructor will

6. Slide 6: Power System Building Blocks

   Power System Building Blocks Remote Cloud Connectivity Grid Generator Sets Switchgear Transfer Switches Loads Digital Master 6

7. Slide 7: Generator Set

   Generator Set  Skid  Engine  Alternator  Cooling  Control 7

8. Slide 8: What is Paralleling?

   What is Paralleling?  Synchronous operation of two or more generator sets connected together on a bus in order to provide power to loads 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑓𝑓 𝐻𝐻𝐻𝐻 = Generator Sets 120 Transfer Switches 𝑛𝑛: 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟, 𝑃𝑃: 𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃𝑃 Emergency Point of Power Connection: Switchgear…

9. Slide 9: Why Parallel?

   Why Parallel?  Reliability • Not dependent on a single generator. If one generator fails, there are other generators to power the load  Performance • A large generator bus capacity will act more like a utility. There will be less frequency and voltage variations during load steps  Redundancy • Cr

10. Slide 10: What To Specify For a Paralleled Power System

    What To Specify For a Paralleled Power System  Seamless operation if a generator set fails • During a start • While paralleled  No single point of failure • Control architecture redundancy • Not dependent on a paralleling master control  Capacity to load consumption optimization • Prolong generat

11. Slide 11: Paralleling Control

    Paralleling Control 11

12. Slide 12: Elements of Paralleling Controls

    Elements of Paralleling Controls ECM AVR  Speed control – Governor (ECM)  Voltage control – Automatic Voltage Regulator (AVR)  Generator set arbitration Ø • De-energized bus: which generator set closes its breaker first v  Synchronization (frequency, phase and voltage) • Energized bus 0 90 180 2

13. Slide 13: Paralleling Generator Sets

    Paralleling Generator Sets  A generator set output power can be connected to a another generator source only when the following conditions are met: v • Waveform (2/3rd pitch or 5/6th pitch) • Phase sequence • Speed difference (frequency) A A t • Phase angle difference • Voltage amplitude difference

14. Slide 14: Synchronizing

    Synchronizing Phase Ø  Phase and Frequency: engine governor fuel v  Voltage: alternator field excitation ECM 0 90 180 270 360 Deg Voltage v Frequency f1 f2 0 t AVR v Generator 1 output Generator 2 output 0 t1 t2 t3 t4 t 14

15. Slide 15: Concept Check

    Concept Check What are the advantages of paralleling generator sets? a) Scalability/Expandability b) Reliability c) Redundancy d) All of the Above 15

16. Slide 16: Traditional Paralleling Control Design

    Traditional Paralleling Control Design  Paralleling control in the switchgear  Master paralleling control • Single point of failure UTILITY MAIN MASTER PARALLELING PARALLELING CONTROL UNIT #1 UNIT #2 VM WM AM VM WM AM VM WM AM VM WM AM  Component based design SEL SW W SEL SW SEL SW LS SEL SW SEL

17. Slide 17: Integrated Autonomous Paralleling Design

    Integrated Autonomous Paralleling Design Integrated Generator Set Control Human Machine Interface 17

18. Slide 18: Paralleling Control – Closer Look

    Paralleling Control – Closer Look Data Link Data Link Human Machine Interface Generator Set Controller Engine Control Module  User Interface  First Start Arbitration  Governing  Configurations/Settings  Synchronizing (Ø, V, Hz)  Engine Protection  Alarms  Voltage Regulation  Engine metering

19. Slide 19: Integrated Autonomous Paralleling Design

    Integrated Autonomous Paralleling Design Control wires  No paralleling master  No single point of failure  Consistent design  Reduce wiring  Reduce footprint  Easy to learn and operate  Low or medium voltage Point of Power Connection 19

20. Slide 20: Paralleling Control (Energized Bus)

    Paralleling Control (Energized Bus)  Match Frequency, Phase and Voltage Generator Set Control Sense line & load Hz, Ø Fuel waves: Closed feedback loop: Frequency Hz Hz, Ø & V Offset Phase Ø Line Side V Voltage Voltage V Load Side + - Field Line Side Wave Offset Close Signal CB Synchronized Feedback

21. Slide 21: Paralleling Control (De-Energized Bus)

    Paralleling Control (De-Energized Bus) Start First Start Arbitration Load Share Lines Remote Start G1 G2 G3 G4 1. All generators start 2. First Start Arbitration a) One genset closes 3. The remaining genset sets synchronize and close breakers simultaneously CB CB CB CB 4. Load Share 21

22. Slide 22: Paralleling Sequence of Operation

    Paralleling Sequence of Operation Remote Start Engine Cranks & Builds Up To Rated Speed & Voltage G1 G2 Ready to Load CB CB Gen Bus First Start De-energized Gen Energized Synchronize Arbitration Bus Status First Start Sync Check Permission Won Conditions Met Close Generator Breaker & Load Share 22

23. Slide 23: Load Sharing

    Load Sharing Alternator kVAR = kW = Engine  The proportional division of the kW and kVAR total load between multiple generator sets in a paralleled system k W Dem anded by Load • Load sharing is essential to avoid overloading and k VAR Dem anded by Load stability problems on the generator sets  Lo

24. Slide 24: Seamless Paralleling Operation

    Seamless Paralleling Operation  Paralleling is a function of the generator set control  Distributed logic architecture (control redundancy): • The paralleling logic (synchronizing, load sharing, governing, protection,...) is repeated on each generator set • If a generator set fails - Open parallel

25. Slide 25: Capacity to Load Consumption Optimization

    Capacity to Load Consumption Optimization  Prolong generator sets life expectancy  Save fuel Capacity: 5MW 1 MW 1 MW 1 MW 1 MW 1 MW CB CB CB CB CB Load: 4.75 0.5 MW 1.5 3.0 3.5 MW 25

26. Slide 26: Generator Protection Elements

    Generator Protection Elements  15 – Synchronizer  25 – Synch Check  27 – Undervoltage  32 – Directional Power  40 – Loss of Excitation/Reverse kVAR  46 – Phase Balance Current  47 – Phase Sequence Voltage  50 – Instantaneous overcurrent  51 – Time Overcurrent  59 – Overvoltage CB CB  81U/

27. Slide 27: Energy Reducing Maintenance Switching

    Energy Reducing Maintenance Switching  Energy Reduction Maintenance Setting (ERMS)  Some generator set manufacturers have built into their controls: • Overcurrent protection • Maintenance mode - Bypasses all time delays Local ERMS Switch ERMS Switch “OFF” and “ON” Mode 28

28. Slide 28: Comprehensive Remote Monitoring

    Comprehensive Remote Monitoring  Single point visibility to assets and site performance anytime anywhere  Immediate notification of any critical or non-critical issues through automated emails and push notifications  Access to historical performance data to any asset through reports and trending

29. Slide 29: Concept Check

    Concept Check Which of the following is true when isochronous load sharing is utilized: a) Output voltage is constant but not frequency b) Frequency and phase angle are constant c) Output voltage and frequency stay constant as the load varies d) Output voltage and frequency vary as the load varies 3

30. Slide 30: Paralleling Hardware

    Paralleling Hardware  What is needed to parallel generators: • Two or more generator sets • Electrically operated breakers: one per generator (in switchgear or generator set mounted) - Open coil - Close coil - Breaker position status - Breaker charging motor - Power supply to operate coils o (CPT’s

31. Slide 31: Generator Sets Manual Paralleling

    Generator Sets Manual Paralleling  How to manually parallel generator sets with integrated control? Manual External • Start/Stop generator sets Hardware Synchronizers • Synchronize generator sets and close Generator Set Control Control paralleling circuit breaker V bias  Some Generator set manufac

32. Slide 32: Extended Paralleling Example

    Cummins Plant in Minnesota, Extended Paralleling Example USA  Obtain approval from the utility  Hard-closed transition (100msec)  Soft-Closed transition (>100msec, load ramp)  Extended closed transition  Minimum import set point  Power export back to the utility?  Reverse power protection  E

33. Slide 33: Extended Paralleling Example

    Extended Paralleling Example 13.8kV 13.8kV 13.8kV 52 52 UMA 5MW UMB 52 52 52 52 G1 G2 G3 G4 Instant of two Hz regulation <0.1Hz variation utilities closed Ending together 52 52 operation GMA GMB Load on Utility N.O. N.O. A Utility A ~1400kw ~800kw ramp down  Extended parallel with UMA: Load on Util

34. Slide 34: Course Summary

    Course Summary Functions and Features of Generator Set Control Based Paralleling • Identify the advantages of paralleling as they relate to overall system reliability, performance and flexibility. • Recognize basic generator set paralleling control components, functions and features. • Describe comm

35. Slide 35: Q&A

    Q&A Type your questions, comments, feedback in the WebEx Q&A box. We will get to as many questions as we can We will publish consolidated FAQ along with presentation and webinar recording on powersuite.cummins.com Your local Cummins contacts: AZ, ID, NM, NV: Carl Knapp (carl.knapp@cummins.com), Roc

36. Slide 36: Closing

    Closing Watch out for a follow-up email including A Link to webinar recording and presentation A PDH Certificate Visit powersuite.cummins.com for PowerHour webinar recording, presentation and FAQ archive Other Cummins Continuing Education programs Sizing and spec development tool Please contact Moha

37. Slide 37: Q+A

    Q+A 38

38. Slide 38: 39

    39 39

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