Sigma Lithium Corporation · NASDAQ:SGML
Sigma Lithium — Investor Day (September 2024)
143 slides from Sigma Lithium's investor day presentation, Sep 24, 2024
Slide 1: Sigma Lithium 2024 Investor Day
Sigma Lithium 2024 Investor Day One Year in as a Leading Producer September 24, 2024 : SGML : SGML : S2GM34
Slide 2: Disclaimer
Disclaimer No Offer or Solicitation Regarding Securities This presentation has been prepared by Sigma Lithium Corporation (“Sigma”) for general information purposes only and does not constitute an offer to sell or a solicitation of an offer to buy any securities of Sigma or its affiliates in any jur
Slide 3: Disclaimer
Disclaimer (…) Sigma is subject to liquidity risk and therefore may have to include a “going concern” note in its financial statements; Sigma may not be able to obtain sufficient financing in the future on acceptable terms, which could have a material adverse effect on Sigma’s business, results of o
Slide 4: Agenda
Sigma Lithium 2024 Investor Day Agenda 10:30 am Welcome & Opening Remarks Matthew DeYoe EVP, Corporate Affairs & Strategic Development Strategic and Commercial Update Ana Cabral Co-Chair & CEO 10:30am – Break 1:30pm Rogerio Marchini Financial Flexibility to Pursue Growth EVP, Corporate Finance & CFO
Slide 5: Strategic Update
Strategic Update CEO & Co-Chairperson – Ana Cabral
Slide 6: Sigma in 2024: Where We Are Today
Sigma in 2024: Where We Are Today
Slide 7: Sigma's Unique Record-Breaking Trajectory From 2022-2024
Sigma’s Unique Record-Breaking Trajectory From 2022-2024 Everything changed... ... world’s 5th largest producing mineral A construction site... industrial complex 2 years page 7
Slide 8: Greentech Plant
Greentech Plant page 18
Slide 9: Greentech Plant
Greentech Plant ——- os. Bae Rs ms fe as : seal rh a A ta ps <= SS75 7 a 7” ; i r : Fa 7 . —_- i aes \ ° & ee
Slide 10: Combining Large Scale Production, Low Cost, Highest Environmental Standards in Lithium
Combining Large Scale Production, Low Cost, Highest Environmental Standards in Lithium...... Large Scale 1. Zero Carbon 2. Zero Tailing Dams 3. Zero Driking Water 4. Zero Toxic Chemicals 5. Zero Dirty Power Traceability/State of the Art Sustainability Low Production Cost Standarts page 10
Slide 11: We Demonstrated Our Ability to Execute
We Demonstrated Our Ability to Execute… Large Scale: 5th Largest Mineral-Industrial Lithium Complex (Rock); Top 10 Global Producer (Brine & Rock) Low Production Cost: Third lowest amongst peers Premium Lithium: Efficiency, Savings, ”Value in Use” for Customers Fully Funded Capex at 3% Double Product
Slide 12: Leading Scale: 5th Largest Lithium Industrial Mining Producing Complex
Leading Scale: 5th Largest Lithium Industrial Mining Producing Complex 150Mt of Estimated Projected Mineral Resource – 109Mt Audited NI-43101 12.0 2.20% Contained Lithium Tonnage (Mt LCE) M&I Grade (Li2O%) 10.7 Average Grade 10.0 9.8 1.70% Contained Lithium in Resources M&I (Mt LCE) 1.40% 1.40% 1.40
Slide 13: World's Largest Lithium Integrated Producers
World’s Largest Lithium Integrated Producers (Brine and Mineral) 2024 Production Capacity (in LCE) Peer 1 200 Peer 2 180 Peer 3 100 Peer 4 90 Peer 5 80 2025 2026 Sigma Lithium - Est 71 >34 Peer 6 66 Peer 7 50 Peer 8 40 Peer 9 40 Sigma Lithium 37 page 13
Slide 14: Sigma Delivers on the Challenge: Low-Cost Production, Ethically Sourced
Sigma Lithium Delivers on the Challenge: Low-Cost Production…Ethically Sourced, Without Sacrificing Sustainability 1,400 1,200 1,000 USD per tonne 800 Low Cost High Cost Supply? Africa Supply? 600 Lepidolite 400 200 - - 500 1,000 1,500 2,000 2,500 3,000 3,500 4,000 4,500 5,000 5,500 Kt Lithium Conce
Slide 15: Quintuple Zero: The Leading Edge of Sustainability
Quintuple Zero: The Leading Edge of Sustainability Ushering a New Era in EV Supply Chain Differentiation Sigma’s Quintuple Zero paved the way forward for the metals and mining sector by effectively lowering its carbon footprint Considerably de-risks the operation from environmental and community
Slide 16: Fundamental Value: Sigma Lithium has NOT Repriced
Fundamental Value: Sigma Lithium has NOT Repriced Once it Became a Loading Producer Transformation amidst severe lithium declines Mkt. Cap Li2CO3 BG (USD billion) (USD/t, VAT) 10.0 90,000 9.0 71,347 70,000 8.0 7.0 50,000 6.0 30,000 24,025 25,506 5.0 4.5 10,439 10,000 4.0 3.5 3.0 -10,000 2.0 1.8 1.4
Slide 17: Pursuing Growth to Meet Increasing Customer Demand
Pursuing Growth to Meet Increasing Customer Demand Sigma offers the right solution for generating returns in a cost-conscious market The leading producer of sustainable lithium in a world where customers are increasingly searching for green & traceable product Mine and processing costs are among the
Slide 18: Where We Are Going
Where We Are Going Expanding the Greentech Industrial Complex to its Full Potential
Slide 19: Sigma's Strategy is Predicated on Efficient & Sustainable Growth
Sigma’s Strategy is Predicated on Efficient & Sustainable Growth High returns, responsible operations, sustainable lithium Maintain capital and financial discipline as we expand capacity Grow Profitably Maximize commercial flexibility to drive premium price realizations Invest to improve throu
Slide 20: Foundation for a Globally Sustainable & Traceable Lithium Supply Chain
Sigma Lithium Built the Foundation for a Globally Sustainable & Traceable Lithium Supply Chain Spodumene Greentech Lithium Global Battery Producers & Automakers Mining Processing Plant Specialty Cathode “Clean” Chemicals EV Battery Premium Lithium • Enabler of High Purity Chemical Production Battery
Slide 21: Expects to Reach 100,000 t/y LCE by 2026
Sigma Lithium Expects to Reach 100,000 t/y LCE by 2026, Becoming a Super Major Executing a Low Risk, Low Capex Strategy Nameplate Capacity (kt LCE) 2024: Efficiency 2025: Completion of 2026: Completion of 2027: Completion of Initiatives Phase 2 Concentration Phase 3 Concentration Intermediate Chemic
Slide 22: Sigma in 2027 and Beyond
Sigma in 2027 and Beyond: Where We Are Headed Next
Slide 23: Positioned Within the Supply Chain to Withstand Price Shocks
Sigma Lithium is Strategically Positioned Within the Supply Chain to Withstand Price Shocks: Segment Generates the Largest Value Creation Mining Concentrate Chemical 0.20 t 9t to 10t Integrated Gross Margin: Integrated Gross Margin: Gross Margin: 10% 50% 30% Standalone Margins: Price: $900 Close to
Slide 24: Most Profitable Segment of the Lithium Supply Chain
Our Business is at The Most Profitable Segment of the Lithium Supply Chain... We Do Not Compete With Refiners in China Refining has been a low margin business... And it has negative margins in 2024 Non-Integrated Converter Margins (2018-2023) (US$/ton) Non-Integrated Converter Margins (2024) (US$/to
Slide 25: Refining Lithium Doesn't Create Value
Refining Lithium Doesn't Create Value: Higher Prices Are an "Optical Illusion" Each ton of refined lithium uses 7 to 10 tons of pre-chemical lithium Therefore, refined lithium prices at $14,000 “contain” $10,000 of pre-chemical lithium value and only $1,000 of remaining gross profit $1,000 $14,0
Slide 26: Global Markets: Conversion Leadership
No Region Can Currently Match China’s Leadership in Conversion BUT Brazil Can Get us Close China is the industry leader Structural Advantages BUT >60% of the world’s lithium Low capex intensity • Geopolitical tensions are chemicals are refined in China, $10-$15k/t of capacity vs mounting with
Slide 27: Solution: Split the Process
Solution : Split the Process Every region maximizes competitive advantages BRAZIL – Focus on Intermediates Investing in a calcine furnace and sulfuric acid leach utilizes Brazil’s low capital and operating cost structures, its proximity to resources, and ability to upcycle waste And Sigma can do
Slide 28: Opportunity to Become a Key Missing Link in Western Chemical Lithium Chain
Opportunity to Become a “Key Missing Link” in Supplying the Western Chemical Lithium Chain, While Capturing Value From Concentrate and Saving Transport in Supplying China Lithium Chemicals Basic Specialty Chemicals Chemicals 100% Lithium Hydroxide Industrial Battery Lithium Pre- Lithium Mine 55% + E
Slide 29: Europe and North America Projected to Reach 300,000t LCE of Chemical Processing
Europe and North America Projected to Reach 300,000t LCE of Chemical Processing Processed production forecast by country / region ('000 tonnes) 2,000 2023 2034 1,600 1,200 800 400 0 China North America Europe Australia Latin America RoW page 29
Slide 30: Lithium Markets & Commercial Strategy
Lithium Markets & Commercial Strategy CEO & Co-Chairperson – Ana Cabral
Slide 31: Lithium Markets
Lithium Markets
Slide 32: EV Growth in China Driving Global Lithium Demand
EV Growth in China Driving Global Lithium Demand: 60% of EV Market Global PEV Sales Growth (YoY %) Electric Car Sales (Millions of EVs) 140% China 61 117% Europe 120% USA 9 50 100% Others 7 12 40 80% 5 10 33 8 15 60% 27 4 52% 47% 6 13 44% 21 3 5 10 40% 17 2 8 27% 14 1 3 7 10 11 2 5 20% 4 25 12% 11 3
Slide 33: EV Growth in China Driving Global Lithium Demand (cont'd)
EV Growth in China Driving Global Lithium Demand: 60% of EV Market (cont’d) Global Lithium Demand kmt LCE Supply Demand Imbalance kmt LCE Lithium market balance and price forecast ('000 tonnes LCE (LHS), $/kg (RHS)) Bearish Demand INCREMENT forecasted for 2024 is larger than the industry's 2,882 200
Slide 34: Battery Demand +23% YTD
Focus on the Numbers… Battery Demand +23% ytd (1) January to July amount of energy held in EVs worldwide was 434.4 Gwh, +23% 800 700 Global EV Battery Installment (GWh) 701 600 500 400 2017 – 2023 CAGR = 51% 509 434 300 355 303 200 Jan - Jul + 23% 100 147 100 118 59 0 2017 2018 2019 2020 2021 2022 2
Slide 35: Procurement Changes in Western Bound Cell Batteries
Procurement Changes in “Western Bound” Cell Batteries: Regardless of Whether They are Made in China, Korea, Japan 2026: EU Battery 2024: Focus on 2027: Building a Passport Traceability Chemical Supply Chain Implementation Keliber Lithium page 35
Slide 36: European Installed Battery Capacity and Traceability
European Installed Battery Capacity is a Reality in 2024: The Full Picture Of Traceability Is Complete With Western Bound Cells to United States European Gigafactory Capacity (GWh) 1,400 1,200 1,000 800 600 400 200 0 2024E 2025E 2026E 2027E 2028E 2029E 2030E 2031E 2032E 2033E 2034E 2035E page 36
Slide 37: Sigma Lithium Stands to Benefit From Changes in Supply Chain
Sigma Lithium Stands to Benefit From Changes in Supply Chain Europe Based EV Battery Producers Europe EV Market = Passport Candidates = 2024E 2024 Lithium Demand from EU Number of cars Cars 4,500,000 693,935(2) LCE (tons) Sigma Supply 244,000(1) 2024 LCE (tons) 37,000 2025 LCE (tons) >70,000 (1) Sou
Slide 38: Challenge to Meet Western Bound Cell Procurement Standards
Challenge to Meet “Western Bound Cell Procurement Standards”: Remaining Low Cost LOW COST: Only Low-Cost Producers Survive the Cycle WASTE: Ecosystems Matter WATER: Lithium is in Arid or Semi Arid Areas TOXIC CHEMICALS: Do Not Disappear… CLEAN POWERED: Diesel & Coal Powered Lithium Plants? LABOR: “A
Slide 39: Low Costs = Race to the Bottom
Low Costs = Race to the Bottom…ZERO Ethical Standards page 39
Slide 40: Commercial Strategy
Commercial Strategy
Slide 41: Commercial Strategy – Maximize Flexibility, Assert Value
Commercial Strategy – Maximize Flexibility, Assert Value Differentiated Approach to Marketing & Partnerships Marketing Strategy is Evolving Areas of Focus Diversify customer base between China and ex-China markets Build out commercial team and hire in strategic markets Moving from trader as principa
Slide 42: Export Credit Lines Fostered Commercial Assertiveness and Diversification
Export Credit Lines Fostered Commercial Assertiveness and Diversification Trader as PRINCIPAL End User Trader as AGENT 3Q23: 45,205 t 4Q23: 59,368 t 1Q24: 52,857 t 2Q24: 52,572 t 3Q24E: 60,000 t 22,860 22,050 22,157 22,000 22,000 22,002 22,000 22,000 22,000 21,624 21,000 17,270 15,000 8,700 Jul-23 S
Slide 43: Quintuple Zero Lithium Concentrate
Quintuple Zero Lithium Concentrate: Sigma Premiunized a Commodity Processing it With Green Technology High Quality • Sigma • Tallison Lower quality • Australia • Canada page 343
Slide 44: Procurement Bifurcation Emerges in Lithium Concentrate
Procurement Bifurcation Emerges in Lithium Concentrate...But Not in Chemicals, Creating Direct Relationship With Non-Traceable Sources Traceability Becomes Key Non Traceable (15% Discount to Traceable) Traceable Lithium (8.25% of Chemical Chemical) Price Formula Percentage 8.25% page 44
Slide 45: Financial Update
Financial Update EVP of Corporate Finance & CFO – Rogerio Marchini
Slide 46: Key Financial Priorities
Key Financial Priorities Conclude Letter of Credit Guarantees Disbursements of the BNDES financing in 4Q 24 ($20m) Subsidized Development BDMG final disbursement ($3mm) Debt (BNDES and Others) Filing Application for Phase 3 Integrated Industrial Plant Filing application for FINEP Innovatio
Slide 47: BNDES Has Committed to P2 Expansion Loan
Brazilian National Development Bank (BNDES) Has Committed to P2 Expansion Loan Project is FULLY FUNDED and Powerful Long-Term Relationship Solidified Loan Commitment Terms: BRL $487 mm Maturity: 16 years Opportunity to partner with Amortization Grace Period: 18 months Sigma For Our Expansions
Slide 48: BNDES Disbursement Minimizes Capital Needs
BNDES Disbursement Minimizes Capital Needs Phase 2 fully financed through BNDES support First BNDES disbursement is a “catch up” to recover capital spending occurring prior to loan finalization We have the flexibility to obtain advancements from BNDES for every reimbursement submission Reimbur
Slide 49: Comfortable Liquidity Position Adapted for New Loan Reality
Comfortable Liquidity Position Adapted for New Loan Reality BNDES support reduces the need for larger trade line balances Forecasted Liquidity 3Q24(1): Cash x Indebtedness BNDES loan package provides a better financing structure than ST LT trade line debt. $90 o Reducing the required trade lines o
Slide 50: Interest Rates Falling As Consistency is Proven
Interest Rates Falling As Consistency is Proven Cost of capital at Sigma has declined considerably over the past twelve months Interest Rate Profile of Existing Trade Line Facilities Interest Rate Profile of Existing Debt Structures 18% 15.5% 12.3% 16% 15.3% 14% 12% 8.6% 9.9% 9.7% 8.6% 10% 8% 5.5% 6
Slide 51: Achieved Target Cost Guidance Ahead of Schedule
Achieved Target Cost Guidance Ahead of Schedule Further potential reductions from increased operational efficiency (1) CIFe Cash Cost FOB Cash Cost Plant Gate Cost SG&A USD/Tonne USD/Tonne USD/Tonne USD mm -22% -24% $658 $12.4 $11.2 -22% $551 $549 $515 -24% $478 $462 $424 $397 $5.2 $5.0 $364 4Q23 1Q
Slide 52: Scale is our friend
Scale is our friend Fixed cost leverage occurs on-site and at HQ Mining Costs – Mining is our most variable cost-centric business, here we gain leverage through non-contracted labor, services and ancillary costs. We are exploring other initiatives to bring down costs site-wide, ex larger trucks for
Slide 53: Scale Levers Fixed Costs Across the Business Model
Scale Levers Fixed Costs Across the Business Model Cash flow potential is considerable should consensus price forecast come to fruition Cash Scenarios 2025E 2026E 2027E Estimated Cash Operating Margin/Tonne Headline Price - 6% Basis (1) (SC 6.0) $1,077 $1,200 $1,413 Product Tonnes Phase 1 270,000 27
Slide 54: Building in Flexibility to the Balance Sheet
Building in Flexibility to the Balance Sheet Multiple capital access points with improving financial conditions Forecasted Liquidity (1) • $57 million USD in cash • $43 million USD in drawn but available trade lines Cash Flow Generation • With production de-risked, scale is readily achievable with c
Slide 55: Mining
Mining General Manager, Mining – Reinaldo Brandão
Slide 56: Key Mining Priorities
Key Mining Priorities Optimized mine planning with intermediate stripping Redesigned Pit Shell Adjusted mine to supply larger industrial processing Shape capacity from 2025 onwards Implementation Geometallurgy Increases Reserve Global Yield (Mine & Plant): Accuracy of modelling increases visib
Slide 57: Redesigned Pit Shell Shape
Redesigned Pit Shell Shape: Optimized Mine Planning with Intermediate Stripping Widen Phase 1 pit to the mine is capable of feeding both industrial processing plants Operation consistency resulting from known geometallurgy, replicating yields on Plant 2 Operational continuity of mining to feed expan
Slide 58: Prepared the Phase 1 Mine for Increased Production in 2025
Prepared the Phase 1 Mine for Increased Production in 2025 Pit shell adjustments allow Xuxa to double production until 2027 Phase 1 Strip Ratios 37.4 16.8 12.9 13.4 13.7 13.3 12.6 Expansion Capex 13.1 8.6 Opex Jan-24 Feb-24 Mar-24 May-24 Jun-24 Jul-24 Aug-24 Sep-24 page 58
Slide 59: We Solved the Community Water Conundrum
We Solved the Community Water “Connundrum” Our 13:1 Strip Ratio Is A Fair Trade-Off Cava Norte APA – Ribeirão Piauí Cava Sul page 59
Slide 60: Dual Pit Structure Provides Risk Mitigation
Dual Pit Structure Provides Risk Mitigation and Resource Optionality: Remarkable Consistency of Ore Body with Geometallurgical Models page 60
Slide 61: Geometallurgy: Block Model for Xuxa
Geometallurgy: Block Model for Xuxa Highlights Robust Concentrations GEOMETALLURGY: Continue to optimize ROM feed with grade control mechanisms and improved geo- metallurgical modeling. Team deployed to ROM pad to assist in optimizing crush blend. Near entirety of Xuxa’s resource is between 1.
Slide 62: Plant Expansion Feed Strategy: Mine 1 then Mine 2
Greentech Plant Expansion Feed Strategy: Initiate with Mine 1 and Open Mine 2 in Second Year Sigma Has Flexibility to Initiate the Industrial Plant Feeding from Mine 1: Grade, Mineralogy, Stripping Ratio, Structural Development 2-year flexibility to open Mine 2: mine preparation to take <6 mon
Slide 63: Operational Optimization Focus: Opportunities For Cost Savings
Operational Optimization Focus: Opportunities For Cost Savings Optimizing ROM Feed, Blasting Strategies, and Phase 2 Commissioning with Key Cost Distribution Equipment Salaries & Rental & Operational Optimization Focus Other Benefits 5% 9% BLASTING: Optimize blasting strategies to reduce particula
Slide 64: Mining Expansions
Mining Expansions General Manager, Geology – Iran Zan
Slide 65: Sigma Will Grow Organically: Large Mineral Resource Base
Sigma Will Grow Organically: Large Mineral Resource Base to Support Expansions • Mines 2, 3 and 4 are Significantly Larger Ore Bodies Than Mine 1 • Each Mine Individually Enables Feeding The 3 Industrial Greentech Processing Capacity, As follows: • Mine 2: Phase 1, 2, 3 Capacity until Depletion • Mi
Slide 66: Mine 2 and Extension: Opportunity to Create a 45-50Mt pit
Mine 2 and Extension: Opportunity to Create a 45-50Mt pit Mine 2 Extension extends to prove resource connection to Mine 2 Outcrops and early 2024 drilling o DH – PRD – 01 – 1.70% Li2O over 15.70m, including 1.81% Li2O over 14.53m. o DH - PRD – 02 – 1.49% Li2O over 14.84m, including 1.86% Li2O ov
Slide 67: Mine 3 and Mine 4: Combined Development
Mine 3 and Mine 4: Combined Development NDC – Murial Strike: Distance between: 330m Total length: 3,200m Contained Resource: 60mt Li2O
Slide 68: Mine 3 and Mine 4: Combined Mine Development of Approximately 60Mt
Mine 3 and Mine 4: Combined Mine Development of Approximately 60Mt Neighboring pit structure akin to leading global spodumene mining projects NDC – Murial strike statistics: o 3.2km long by 1.3km wide o True thickness range of 5 to 50meters o 60Mt of combined resource at 1.37% o 375-meter averag
Slide 69: Industrial DMS Performance Supported by Good Geometallurgy
Industrial DMS Performance of Ore from Mines 2 to 4 is Supported by Good Geometallurgy Consistency: Grade and Concentration Resilience Throughout 115 1.75% Tonnage Lithium Grading Validates Sigma’s claims of consistent grades and 110 1.65% coarse spodumene crystal quality throughout 105 resource p
Slide 70: Greentech Industrial Lithium Processing
Greentech Industrial Lithium Processing General Manager, Industrial – Keith Prentice
Slide 71: Key Industrial Priorities
Key Industrial Priorities: Conclude list of long lead ordering for equipment over 150 Phase 2: Detailed days and 120 days Engineering & Earthworks Order Long Lead Equipment Phase 2: Earthworks Targeted for Completion in 1Q25 Construction Construction & Commissioning Expected in 3Q25 Improvin
Slide 72: 2025 Industrial Expansion
2025 Industrial Expansion
Slide 73: Greentech Line Infrastructure
Expansions Greentech Line Double production to 520ktpa of Green Lithium within a year Infrastructure Phase 2 Capex Fully Funded ~$100mm page 73
Slide 74: Phase 2 Earthworks Ongoing
Phase 2 Earthworks Ongoing Environmental Clearing and Fauna Capturing and Cataloguing: Mandatory Step Ahead of Initiation page 74
Slide 75: The Greentech Plant: Key Modules And Processes
The Greentech Plant: Key Modules And Processes
Slide 76: Greentech Plant
Module 1: Crusher Greentech Plant Module 3: Dry Stacker Module 2: DMS page 76
Slide 77: Process Of Detaching Lithium From The Rock-host
Process Of “Detaching" Lithium From The Rock-host Separating it without The Use Of Chemicals, Pre-Chemical Lithium: 6.5mm Granules Waste page 77
Slide 78: Gravity Based Separation Controlled by Automation
Greentech Plant’s Gravity Based Separation Controlled by Automation Implementing Artificial Intelligence in SCADA systems Detection of Anomalies Correction Recommendation Self Learning Mineralogy page 78
Slide 79: Greentech Plant Utility Requirements and Consumables
Greentech Plant Utility Requirements and Consumables Power consumption requirements are approximately 6.3 MW for the processing plant Raw water consumption is a nominal 35 m3/h Processed water recycled within the plant with a thickener, where all fines slurry streams will be directed and recovered C
Slide 80: Using Inbound Sewage Water In the Greentech Plant
Using Inbound Sewage Water In the Greentech Plant: Reused Until Evaporation Jequitinhonha River: Fecal Residues Inbound River Sewage Treatment page 80
Slide 81: Greentech Plant Water
Greentech GreentechPlant Water Plant DMSReuse CircuitTank page 81
Slide 82: Three-Stage Crusher
Three-Stage Crusher Setting the right stage for effective beneficiation Primary Crusher Secondary DMS Feed Crushing ~800mm ~150mm ~9.5mm Bin Screen >9.5mm Tertiary Crushing Secondary Crusher Tertiary Crusher Screen ~9.5mm Secondary Tertiary Crusher Crusher Ore is sorted, blended, and fed at the ru
Slide 83: Greentech Industrial Plant Adds Value to Spodumene Ore
Greentech Industrial Plant Adds Value to “Spodumene Ore" The elegance is in its simplicity Ore at ROM Pad Technology repurposed from diamond industry where large Crushing & Screening crystals and relative density differentials to host rock drive liberation. Sigma piloted this technology extensiv
Slide 84: Inside the Greentech Plant: Fine Circuit
Inside the Greentech Plant: Fine Circuit 1 Dense Media Separator/ 2 Dense Media "Slush" Centrifuge 3 D&R Screen: Separating tailings 4 Magnetic Separator: Removing from fines Ferrosilicon from Ultrafines page 84
Slide 85: Improved DMS Circuit Avoids the Need for Flotation
Improved DMS Circuit Avoids the Need for Flotation and Enables the Use of Dry Stacking Flotation requires: Use of problematic chemical reagents Use of tailings dams page 785
Slide 86: The World's Best and Most Efficient Pre-Chemical Lithium
The World's Best and Most Efficient Pre-Chemical Lithium: Green, Granulated, High Purity (Low Iron, Mica, Alkaline).
Slide 87: Quintuple Zero Lithium Concentrate
Quintuple Zero Lithium Concentrate: Sigma Premiunized a Commodity Processing it With Green Technology High Quality • Sigma • Tallison Lower quality • Australia • Canada page 387
Slide 88: Optimization of Greentech Plant
Optimization of Greentech Plant
Slide 89: Dense Media Unit Operations are Exceeding Targets
Dense Media Unit Operations are Exceeding Targets DMS technology proven, now we are optimizing DMS Utilization Target Design Utilization Sigma’s DMS module is running spectacularly 100% Greentech DMS utilizations sustaining above target levels. DMS recoveries running near target given input feed
Slide 90: Maximizing Profitability, Doing More With What We Have
Maximizing Profitability, Doing More With What We Have Shipment Targets Every 30-35 days Driving Efficiency 4Q’24 - Install Purification/Reprocessing Circuit • Optimize Usage of Processing Capacity of DMS • Feed Cleaned of Impurities Pre-DMS Increases Recoveries and Yield • Reprocess Tailings Fines
Slide 91: Feed grade improvements should drive better DMS yields
Feed grade improvements should drive better DMS yields 1.60 1.50 Feed grade (%) 1.40 1.30 1.20 1.10 1.00 Mining costs are running on target Ore feed to the DMS should improve as weathered blend is depleted Weather dilute material added to feed mix in January, drove modest drop to DMS feed grades
Slide 92: Dry Stacking: Productivity Increase Through Up-Cycling
Dry Staking: Productivity Increase Through Up-Cycling
Slide 93: Dry-Stacking Circuit
Dry-Stacking Circuit Breaking the cycle in the pursuit of sustainability Hypofines and DMS rejects exit the process and move to thickening and water recirculation Belt-filter dries tailings to precise moisture Tailings exit the facility at 1% lithium-oxide concentration to be stacked on-site
Slide 94: Dry-Stacker running beautifully since commission
Dry-Stacker running beautifully since commission Longer term opportunity to deliver commercial value Cycle perfected after period of commissioning Dry-stacking preserves social license to operations. Breaking the mold in Brazilian mining and correcting for past industry disasters Sigma will deploy s
Slide 95: World Pioneer in Pre-Chemical Lithium
Greentech Industrial Plant World Pioneer in Pre-Chemical Lithium: Global Competitive Success • Zero carbon • Zero hazardous chemicals • Zero polluting energy • Zero drinking water use • Zero tailings dam (the only one in the world) page 195
Slide 96: Dry Stacking and Water Recirculation Module
Dry Stacking and Water Recirculation Module Water reclamation circuit allows for continuous processing water recycling until evaporation Reduces the pull on the Jequitinhonha River Enables more efficient dry-stacking of tailings. page 96
Slide 97: Greentech Dry Stacking Plant: Ultra-Fine Cake
Greentech Dry Stacking Plant: Ultra-Fine Cake pág 97
Slide 98: Greentech Plant Dry Stacking of Tailings
Greentech Plant Dry Stacking of Tailings Dry-stacking eliminates the risks and costs associated with maintaining a tailings dam Preserves the value of the lithium contained in the tailings piles Allows for a more sustainable remediation and closure process pág 98
Slide 99: Industrial Recycling: The Chinese Approach, Nothing Goes to Waste
Industrial Recycling: The Chinese Approach, Nothing Goes to Waste Up-cycled 0% Li2O Reprocessed>1.0% Li2O Recycled 0% Li2O 99 page 99
Slide 100: Worker Safety: Achieved Highest Global Standards
Worker Safety: Achieved Highest Global Standards
Slide 101: ZERO Work Accidents at Greentech Plant
ZERO Work Accidents at Greentech Plant: Second Best at ICMM Achieving Sustainability & Cost Milestones….Without Sacrificing Workers Safety Recorded injuries in 1Q24 and total recorded injury frequency (1) Fatalities Over 1 year without an injury (1) International Council on Mining and Metals (“ICMM”
Slide 102: ZERO Accidents ZERO Fatalities
ZERO Accidents With Loss of Days ZERO Fatalities
Slide 103: Daily Health & Safety Dialogue
Daily Health & Safety “Dialogue”
Slide 104: Daily Health & Safety Dialogue
Daily Health & Safety “Dialogue”
Slide 105: Ambulatory
Ambulatory • Permanent Ambulance • Resident Medical Doctor
Slide 106: ESG Update
ESG Update Maria Salum & Fádwa Andrade
Slide 107: Introduction
Introduction Maria Salum – Co-Chair ESG Committee
Slide 108: Key ESG Priorities
Key ESG Priorities Enable growth and secure our future Focus on Advancing Licensing Phase 2 Mine: License Forecasted 4Q 24, Process for Expansions Phase 3 & 4 Mines: License Forecasted 2025 Reducing Complete Regeneration of waste piles: Polymers Environmental Minimization of blasting effects
Slide 109: Shared Prosperity: Collective Alliance to Lift the People
Shared Prosperity: Collective Alliance to Lift the People of One of the Poorest Regions in the World Demonstrate that the energy transition can be possible with battery materials produced responsibly In harmony with the common goals of preserving the planet against the effects of climate change
Slide 110: Sigma Lithium: Shared Prosperity in Numbers
Sigma Lithium: Shared Prosperity in Numbers 21,000 1,500 13,000 Job Openings Direct Jobs Indirect Jobs (Microcredit & Small Scale Agriculture) 18,000 85% 50% People With Access to Regional Workforce Economically Active Drinking Water Population Beenfited 270,000 20% 3 Million Meals per Month GDP Gro
Slide 111: Creating Shared Prosperity
Creating Shared Prosperity: Combining the Initiatives of Social Inclusion with Industrial Jobs Income Generation The purchasing power created by the jobs (direct and indirect) translates into demand for products and services offered by social inclusion programs $ Direct jobs Microcredit: 2,000 1,510
Slide 112: Net Zero
Net Zero Maria Salum
Slide 113: How Clean is the Nickel & Lithium in a Battery?
r A SIGMA How Clean is the § Nickel & Lithium The production of lithium These crucial metals will and nickel, two key raw have a significant impact on materials for batteries,can the environment depending produce vastly different on the deposits chosen ina Battery? emissions profiles. to mine and pr
Slide 114: Life Cycle Analysis: Metrifying the Carbon Footprint
Life Cycle Analysis: Metrifying the Carbon Footprint Sigma carbon intensity is low enough to use credits as final offset Global Warming Potential: 0.27kg CO2 per Kg of Concentrate Global Warming Potential Contribution Analysis 0.3 0.3 0.25 0.25 0.2 0.2 0.15 0.15 0.1 0.05 0.1 Mine Plant Plant & Mine
Slide 115: Enabling ZERO CARBON Specialty Chemicals
Sigma Lithium: Enabling ZERO CARBON Specialty Chemicals 45.0t Tons of CO2 per Ton of LCE 15.0t 13.0t 5.0t 5.0t 3.0t 2.5t Lepidolite Spodumene Brine DLE Best in X1Class Average X2 LIOH China LIOH China page 115
Slide 116: Brazil's Electricity Grid Enables Decarbonization
Brazil’s Electricity Grid Enables Decarbonization Clean energy at globally competitive prices In 2023 ~91% of Brazil’s electricity was powered by clean energy sources.(1) Sigma secures its power from the Irapé Hydroelectric Plant, 100km from site. Grid supports alternatives as needed. Primary
Slide 117: Technology for Hard to Abate: Carbon Neutrality
Technology for “Hard to Abate”: • Biofuels • Clean Power • Zero Tailings • Electronic Explosives Carbon Neutrality • Support Preservation of Forest • Bottom-up Effort: Puts Food on the Table of the ”Amazon People”
Slide 118: 700 hectares
Reforestation Program supplements carbon commitments 30,000 Trees planted 20,000 Trees to be planted 700 hectares Atlantic forestland preserved page 118
Slide 119: Reducing Environmental Footprint of Mining: Regeneration
Reducing Environmental Footprint of Mining: Regeneration Maria Salum
Slide 120: Regeneration of Mining Area: Application of Polymers
Regeneration of Mining Area: Application of Polymers page 120
Slide 121: Regeneration of Mining Area: Polymers Early Stage Growth
Regeneration of Mining Area: Polymers Early Stage Growth page 121
Slide 122: Regeneration of Mining Area: Up to 6 Months
Regeneration of Mining Area: Up to 6 Months page 122
Slide 123: Fully Regenerated Mining Area: 18 Months
Fully Regenerated Mining Area: 18 Months page 123
Slide 124: Ongoing Quantitative Assessments: Mensur Ações
Ongoing Quantitative Assessments: “Mensur Ações” Maria Salum
Slide 125: Seismography: Vibrations 700% Below Legal Limit
Seismography: Vibrations 700% Below Legal Limit Vibration Monitoring (mm/s) - April 16.000 14.000 12.000 10.000 8.000 6.000 4.000 2.000 0.000 15-Apr 16-Apr 18-Apr 19-Apr 22-Apr 24-Apr 26-Apr 15-Apr 17-Apr 18-Apr 19-Apr 22-Apr 23-Apr 24-Apr 25-Apr 26-Apr 27-Apr 29-Apr Ponto 1 - Poço Dantas Ponto 3 -
Slide 126: Dust and Air Measurements: Average 40% Below Legal Limit
Dust and Air Measurements: Average 40% Below Legal Limit PTS PM 10 300 140 250 120 200 100 80 150 60 100 40 50 20 0 0 Set Out Nov Dez Jan Fev Mar Abr Mai Jun Jul Ago Set Out Nov Dez Jan Fev Set Out Nov Dez Jan Fev Mar Abr Mai Jun Jul Ago Set Out Nov Dez Jan Fev 2022 2023 2024 2022 2023 2024 Limite e
Slide 127: Social Program: Shared Prosperity
Social Program: Shared Prosperity Fadwa Andrade – Director of Social
Slide 128: Microcredit Program
Microcredit Program Over 2,000 Entrepreneurs, with the objective of achieving 10,000 For every 10,000 Loans, 15,000 employment opportunities created “Social”: SDG 17 page 128
Slide 129: Zero Drought Program
Zero Drought Program 1,400+ water reservoirs built 7,000+ jobs created page 129
Slide 130: Water for All Program
Water for All Program 1,000+ water tanks delivered 2,000+ total water tanks to be delivered page 130
Slide 131: Zero Hunger Program
Zero Hunger Program 3 Million + of meals donated per year 36,000+ of people reached per year page 131
Slide 132: Homecoming Program
Homecoming Program 85% of workforce is local 1,510+ direct jobs created 13,000+ indirect jobs created page 132
Slide 133: Nuno Murta Educational Complex
Nuno Murta Educational Complex 100% Of community children attend new elementatry school 3 Schools committed to construction and refurbishing page 133
Slide 134: Paving Rural Roads: 100% of Community Reintegrated
Paving Rural Roads: 100% of Community Reintegrated With Access to Urban Centers (Hospitals, Law) During Rainy Season Tailings pressed into Patrolling roads in the Graveling roads in the paving Wetting andstones for of application communities communities community polymers onimprovements community ac
Slide 135: Ongoing Social Engagement With Community
Ongoing Social Engagement With Community Representatives Community Leaders Leaders and Opinion Makers Communities Participants Community leaders (by Association leaders and opinion Leaders and residents (by specific groups) formers community) Sigma Participants Social Team and Social Team and GIS in
Slide 136: Social Engagement With Communities: Parents at School
Social Engagement With Communities: Parents at School
Slide 137: Social Engagement With Community
Social Engagement With Community
Slide 138: Social Engagement With Community
Social Engagement With Community
Slide 139: One on One Social Engagement: Coffee and Conversation
One on One Social Engagement: Program of “Coffee and Conversation”
Slide 140: Engaging the Next Generation at Communities
Engaging the Next Generation at Communities: Sports and Community Centers
Slide 141: We Have Been Sustainable Before It Was An Industry Focus
We Have Been Sustainable Before It Was An Industry Focus...Doesn’t Happen Overnight page 141
Slide 142: Global Thought Leader at UNCC Since Pilot Plant in 2019
Global Thought Leader at UNCC....Since Pilot Plant in 2019 page 142
Slide 143: Sigma Lithium
V\ 4 SIGMA LITHIUM