Lithium Universe Limited · ASX:LU7
Lithium Universe — Corporate Update (June 2025)
24 slides from Lithium Universe's corporate update, Jun 18, 2025
Slide 1: PV Solar Cell Recycling Technology
PV SOLAR CELL RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY Utilising Microwave Joule Heating Delamination
Slide 2: Exciting Opportunity While We Wait for Li Market to Recover
EXCITING OPPORTUNITY WHILE WE WAIT FOR LI MARKET TO RECOVER • Completed Bécancour Lithium Refinery DFS • Secured Bécancour land, supply partnerships etc. • Finalizing spodumene offtake, then OEM Li Carbonate offtake • Ready for a lithium price recovery - Counter-cyclical strategy • Presented with ex
Slide 3: PV Solar Panels
• PV SOLAR PANELS • PV solar panels key to energy transition • Global PV market - US$39.8 billion by 2037 • Growing at a CAGR of around 8.2% • 37% of Australian households - installed PV panels • 4 million homes and small businesses • In 2024, 12.4% of Aust electricity came from rooftop solar
Slide 4: The Problem Today
THE PROBLEM TODAY • Globally 60-78mt accumulated waste PV by 2050 • Australia 1mt end-of-life PV worth $1B by 2045 • Only 15% of PV cells today are recycled • Rest ends up in LAND FILL • Valuable silicon, silver, gallium & indium • Ends up in land fill 15%
Slide 5: Australia is about to be hit by a Tsunami of Solar Waste
“Australia is about to be hit by a Tsunami of Solar Waste” (International Energy Agency))
Slide 6: PV Solar Cell
PV SOLAR CELL Frame Front Glass Encapsulant (EVA) Solar Cell Encapsulant (EVA) Back Sheet
Slide 7: Critical Metals Lost from Inefficient Recycling
CRITICAL METALS LOST FROM INEFFICIENT RECYCLING Silicon Silver Gallium Indium (Electrical (Energy (Energy (Semiconductor) Conductivity) Efficiency) Absorption)
Slide 8: Silver in Solar Modules Equates to Australia's Biggest Silver Mine
In Fact, the Silver that’s contained inside Solar Modules equates to in its totality, Australia’s Biggest Silver Mine” (Australia Smart Energy Council)
Slide 9: Traditional PV Recycling
TRADITIONAL PV RECYCLING • Shredding and grinding PV cells Initial • EVA (binder) is removed by high temperatures Dismantling • EVA removed by toxic acid chemicals Mechanical • Glass and low silicon and silver recovery Breakdown • Only 15% of PV cells are recovered • Due to complexity, high cost, po
Slide 10: Traditional PV Recycling
TRADITIONAL PV RECYCLING Solar Panel — Deframe . ) ‘ Al Junction Box Ges Powder | Land Fill _ De-Glass x — it ay Hot Knife r ve Su La ! 1 Gl Sh t —= jass Shee’ 1 with EVA i — Residue Chemicals ~~ Toxic Gases Produced aa Silicon Cell _-» Silver in Solution +> Process |~~, ** Silicon \._ €O2 Produced,
Slide 11: Acquisition PV Recycling Technology
ACQUISITION PV RECYCLING TECHNOLOGY • Agreement to acquire global rights • Photovoltaic (PV) solar panel recycling technology • Microwave Joule Heating Technology (MJHT) • Utilizes microwave technology • Selectively heat and delaminate PV cells • Exclusive licensing agreement
Slide 12: Australian Technology
AUSTRALIAN TECHNOLOGY • Led by Dr. Binesh Puthen Veettil (School of Engineering) • Developed a new microwave technology (MJHT) • School of Photovoltaics at UNSW and the Australian Centre for Advanced Photovoltaics • Breakthrough technology • New way to recover silver and silicon
Slide 13: Advantages of Technology
ADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY • Instantly targeted heating of silicon • At room temperature (microwave) rather than 1,400°C • Potential extraction and purification of high-grade silicon • Preservation of glass, silicon, copper, indium, and gallium • Possibility of higher recovery rates • Reduced contamin
Slide 14: Advantages of Technology
ADVANTAGES OF TECHNOLOGY • Softens the ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA) encapsulant • Enabling easy mechanical separation • Without the need for aggressive chemical treatments • No toxic chemicals or byproducts • Reducing the need for complex waste management
Slide 15: MJHT Selective Delamination
MJHT SELECTIVE DELAMINATION Back Sheet Delamination Front Glass Microwave Delamination EVA Solar Cell Microwave Radiation EVA Backsheet Glass Plate Front Glass EVA Solar Cells EVA Solar Cell Front Glass Delamination Sheets EVA Back Sheet or Front Glass Backing Plate Glass Plate EVA Solar Cell EVA Ba
Slide 16: MJHT PV Recycling
MJHT PV RECYCLING Solar Panel ---» Al Junction Box ---+-> (Delamination ~ » Solar Cell / “ Gallium * r EVA Back Sheet Gases, Silicon Cell ! _f_--> Indium * Solid Silver * ” ‘ on ~>-rSilicon *
Slide 17: Crushing vs Delamination
CRUSHING VS DELAMINATION Method Crushing MJHT Delamination Process Mechanical shredding & Layer-by-later separation crushing of full panel (thermal, chemical or mechanical) Material Integrity High contamination mixed Preserves materials in cleaner fragments separable form Silver Recovery <5% (often
Slide 18: Acquisition Milestone Payments
ACQUISITION MILESTONE PAYMENTS ACQUISITION DETAILS • Binding agreement to acquire 100% of the issued share capital of New Age Minerals Pty Ltd (NAM) for nominal consideration entered. • Completion conditional on completion of due diligence on NAM and variation of licensing agreement to incorporate a
Slide 19: Acquisition Milestone Payments
ACQUISITION MILESTONE PAYMENTS LICENSING AGREEMENT PAYMENTS • Reimbursement of registration cost of A$33,900. • Annual payment of $20,000 commencing from 2027 and continuing until 2042. • 3% royalty on annual gross sales of products derived from MJHT, if commercialized. • $100,000 payment upon the s
Slide 20: Silicon Market
SILICON MARKET Silicon Metal Market Market Size in Million Tonnes 4.49 million CAGR 5.41% Metal Market • 3.45 million tonnes in 2025 • 4.49 million tonnes by 2030 growing at 3.45 million CAGR 5.41% pa • Solar panels projected highest growth rate of 7% til 2029 • Silicon dominance in semi-conductor m
Slide 21: Silver Market
SILVER MARKET 700 35% • Record demand 680 million ounces in 600 30% 500 25% Photovoltaic chare 2024 Million ounces 400 20% • Industrial demand surged by 7% 300 15% • Growth is expected to carry beyond 2025 200 10% 5% • Photovoltaics and AI as the fastest- 100 0 0% growing drivers 2015 2016 2017 2018
Slide 22: Silver Market
SILVER MARKET • Demand has started to outstrip supply • Significant price increase in face of Silver shotfall • Silver recovery from recycling will become increasing important
Slide 23: PV Recycling Growth Future
PV RECYCLING GROWTH FUTURE The need for PV recycling is Compelling TECHNOLOGY IS KEY Macquarie Microwave Heating Delamination Technology CHEMICAL EXPERTISE LU7 Team has Chemical Experience to develop Technology INVESTOR HIGHLIGHTS
Slide 24: Cautionary Statements
CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS This presentation has been prepared by Lithium Universe Limited (LU7 or the Company). This presentation has been prepared as at 18 June 2025 and statements are current only as at that date. This presentation is provided on the basis that neither the Company nor its representati