Slide 1: Comparative Life Cycle Assessment: Europe
COMPARATIVE LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT: EUROPE JULY 2020 © BALL CORPORATION | 11802 RIDGE PKWY, STE. 200 | BROOMFIELD, COLORADO 80021 | 303-469-3131 | WWW. BALL.COM
Slide 2: Structure of This Presentation
STRUCTURE OF THIS PRESENTATION 1About Life 2 Sphera 3 Sensitivity 4 Plans to further Cycle Comparative Analysis improve the Assessment LCA Study beverage can Methodology Carbon Footprint Recycling Rates Carbon footprint opportunities mapping Limitations Circularity Indicator Recycled Content Why rec
Slide 3: About Life Cycle Assessment
1 About Life Cycle Assessment 3
Slide 4: What Is Life Cycle Assessment (ISO 14040 Definition)
WHAT IS LIFE CYCLE ASSESSMENT (ISO 14040 DEFINITION) LCA is a technique for assessing the environmental impacts associated with a product, by • Compiling an inventory of relevant inputs and outputs of a product system, • Evaluating the potential environmental impacts associated with those inputs and
Slide 5: Environment Impact Categories Assessed in LCAs
ENVIRONMENT IMPACT CATEGORIES ASSESSED IN LCAS IONISING RADIATION HUMAN HUMAN CLIMATE PARTICULATE OZONE - TOXICITY TOXICITY CHANGE MATTER DEPLETION HUMAN (CANCER) (NON-CANCER) HEALTH PHOTOCHEMICAL EUTROPHICATION EUTROPHICATION EUTROPHICATION ECOTOXICITY SMOG OZONE - - - - AIR FORMATION TERRESTRIAL F
Slide 6: The Purpose and Limitations of LCAs
THE PURPOSE AND LIMITATIONS OF LCAS PURPOSE LIMITATIONS • Identify environmental hotspots along a product’s life • Not an exact science (methodologies, models and cycle. assumptions shape results). • Add an environmental dimension for decision- • For the same product, different LCAs can suggest make
Slide 7: Elevating the Debate: Moving from Linear Assessments to True Circular Thinking
ELEVATING THE DEBATE: MOVING FROM LINEAR ASSESSMENTS TO TRUE CIRCULAR THINKING • LCAs today are mostly linear instead of applying circular thinking, which would be more appropriate for fast moving consumer goods such as beverage packaging. • That is why Ball is sponsoring a multi-year PhD program at
Slide 8: Sphera Comparative LCA Study
2 Sphera Comparative LCA Study 8
Slide 9: Sphera Comparative & Peer-Reviewed LCA for Ball 2020
SPHERA COMPARATIVE & PEER-REVIEWED LCA FOR BALL 2020 Critical Peer Review Panel Prof. Dr. Pere Fullana i Palmer Director of the UNESCO Chair in Life Cycle and Climate Change Dr. Ivo Mersiowsky Sustainability and leadership consultant, LCA expert (focus chemical and plastics industry) Angela Schindle
Slide 10: Global Warming Potential (Carbon Footprint) per Litre
GLOBAL WARMING POTENTIAL (CARBON FOOTPRINT) PER LITRE Source: Peer reviewed comparative beverage packaging LCA, Sphera, 2020. Methodology: EU, PEF, CFF. Comparison per litre. 10
Slide 11: Summary of Several Environmental Impact Categories, Bigger Format Containers
SUMMARY OF SEVERAL ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT CATEGORIES, BIGGER FORMAT CONTAINERS Source: Peer reviewed comparative beverage packaging LCA, Sphera, 2020. Methodology: EU, PEF, CFF. Comparison per litre. 11
Slide 12: Material Circularity Indicator (MCI)
MATERIAL CIRCULARITY INDICATOR (MCI): 0.1 = LINEAR, 1 = FULLY CIRCULAR Note: MCI methodology includes non-recycled renewables fibres as circular. Other methodologies do not. Source: Peer reviewed comparative beverage packaging LCA, Sphera, 2020. Methodology: Ellen McArthur Foundation & Granta Design
Slide 13: Summary and Conclusions for Each Material
SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS FOR EACH MATERIAL • Good performance on Global Warming Potential (GWP), benefiting from lightweight, high recycling rates and good recycled content • Biggest opportunity to decrease further GWP by increasing recycling rates and recycled content, reaching the same values of ca
Slide 14: Product Specifications & Main Datasets Used
PRODUCT SPECIFICATIONS & MAIN DATASETS USED. ALL CONTAINERS ARE REAL, POPULAR BEVERAGES PET 50cl PET 50cl PET 38cl PET 30cl Alu 50cl Alu 33cl Alu 25cl (non-carbonated) (carbonated) (carbonated) (non-carbonated) Glass 1L Glass 25cl Carton 50cl Carton 33cl Purchased in DE DE UK UK DE UK UK UK DE DE UK
Slide 15: Sensitivity Analysis
3 Sensitivity Analysis 15
Slide 16: Effect of Recycling Rate on Carbon Footprint
EFFECT OF RECYCLING RATE ON CARBON FOOTPRINT Carbon footprint as recycling rate increases (CO2 eq. per litre) 600% Glass 1L PET 50cl 500% (NON-CARBONATED) 2020 PET 50cl (CARBONATED) 400% Alu 50cl 300% Carton 50cl 200% 2020 2020 2020 Real recycling rate used 2020 in the LCA 100% 2020 0% 0% 10% 20% 30
Slide 17: Effect of Lightweighting Trends for 50cl PET and Cans on Carbon Footprint
EFFECT OF LIGHTWEIGHTING TRENDS FOR 50CL PET AND CANS ON CARBON FOOTPRINT Carbon footprint comparison of 50cl formats (range of containers weights in the market) PET 50cl (NON-CARBONATED) Weight increase Total Container weight 14.9g 300% due to tethered caps Heaviest PET 50cl PET 50cl 250% (CARBONAT
Slide 18: Effect of Refill Cycles of Refillable Glass Bottles on Carbon Footprint
EFFECT OF REFILL CYCLES OF REFILLABLES GLASS BOTTLES ON CARBON FOOTPRINT Carbon comparison per litre as number of glass refills increase vs single-use cans 900% 800% Glass bottle 33cl refillable 700% 600% Glass bottle 1L 500% refillable 400% 300% Alu 33cl 200% 100% Alu 50cl 0% 0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Slide 19: Plans to Further Improve the Beverage Can
4 Plans to further improve the beverage can 19
Slide 20: Identified Opportunities to Decrease a 33cl Can's Carbon Footprint in Next 5-10 Years
IDENTIFIED OPPPORTUNITIES TO DECREASE A 33CL CAN’S CARBON FOOTPRINT IN NEXT 5-10 YEARS (33CL) Source: Ball’s own calculation based on Instant LCA software and own and industry data. 20
Slide 21: Cans Benefit the Most as Societies Move Towards Real Circularity
CANS BENEFIT THE MOST AS SOCIETIES MOVE TOWARDS REAL CIRCULARITY 100% COLLECTION 100% OF THE 100% RECYCLED REAL MATERIALS CONTENT BACK CIRCULARITY ARE SORTED INTO SAME VALUE A CIRCLE THAT NEVER ENDS PRODUCTS 100% YIELD RECYCLING 21
Slide 22: Current Recycling Rates in Europe
CURRENT RECYCLING RATES IN EUROPE 98% 87% 98% 98% 74.5% 86% *97% 43% *90% 95% The overall recycling rate for aluminium 73% 85% beverage cans in the *75% 81% European Union, 99% 98% Switzerland, Norway 40% and Iceland increased to 86% 79% 38% a new record level of 58% 92% 74.5% in 2017. 71% 36% *80%
Slide 23: Likely Drop of Recycling Rates with New EU Calculation Point
LIKELY DROP OF RECYCLING RATES WITH NEW EU CALCULATION POINT Today’s official ‘Collection for Recycling’ Rates Real Recycling Rates as per PEF methodology Source: collection rate from each association: aluminium cans (MPE), PET (PETCORE), glass (FEVE), Real recycling rates are calculated as the rati
Slide 24: DRS and Optimised EPR Will Push Collection Rate in Europe Beyond 90% by 2030
DRS AND OPTIMISED EPR WILL PUSH THE COLLECTION RATE IN EUROPE BEYOND 90% BY 2030 95% 85% 75% Development of recycling schemes over the next years Source: FFACT - Aluminium beverage can recycling rate forecasts for 2025 and 2030 24
Slide 25: Issues Across All Recycling Value Chain for Various Beverage Containers
ISSUES ACROSS ALL RECYCLING VALUE CHAIN FOR VARIOUS BEVERAGE CONTAINERS Extra Re- Collection Sorting Treatment incorporation Sorting • Weight • Colour • Fine • Low value • Breaks • Breaks particles • Minimum • Black plastics • Cap, silicone • Opaque / TiO2 • Nurdles collection valve, glue, • • Colou
Slide 26: Material Kept in the Loop as Collection Increases
MATERIAL KEPT IN THE LOOP AS COLLECTION INCREASES: EFFECT OF RECYCLING YIELDS IS WHAT MATTERS Number of containers that can be made from the material remaining in the loop from one collected container, in multiple recycling cycles (it takes into account the recycling losses and it depends on the col
Slide 27: Further Opportunities to Decrease Carbon Footprint of Virgin Aluminium
FURTHER OPPORTUNITIES TO DECREASE CARBON FOOTPRINT OF VIRGIN ALUMINIUM Source: Material Economic analysis via data from International Aluminium Institute, 2019 (http://www.world-aluminium.org/statistics/) 27
Slide 28: Impact of Various Virgin Aluminium Semi-Finished Goods Compared with Recycling
IMPACT OF VARIOUS VIRGIN ALUMINIUM SEMI-FINISHED GOODS COMPARED WITH RECYCLING Source: European Aluminium Circular Action Plan, 2020 https://www.european-aluminium.eu/media/2906/european-aluminium-circular-aluminium-action-plan.pdf) 28
Slide 29: Thank You & Questions?
THANK You && Questions?