Slide 1: Maintaining a Healthy Ruminant Digestive Tract
Maintaining a Healthy Ruminant Digestive Tract Brian Aldridge, BVSc ,PhD, Dip ACVIM, MRCVS Integrated Food Animal Management Systems Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, USA
Slide 2: Disease &
- ~ Q . = Disease &
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Slide 4: Image by John Tyson on Unsplash
Image by John Tyson on Unsplash
Slide 5: Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay
Image by Gerd Altmann from Pixabay
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Slide 8: Our animals are complex systems living within complex systems
Our animals are complex systems living within complex systems
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Slide 11: To optimize animal health, welfare and performance, we must understand systems
To optimize animal health, welfare and performance, we must understand the structure, function and interdependence of these complex systems
Slide 12: Photo by John Silliman on Unsplash
Photo by John Silliman on Unsplash
Slide 13: Photo by Matt Hardy on Unsplash
Photo by Matt Hardy on Unsplash
Slide 14: Photo by Zoltan Tasi on Unsplash
Photo by Zoltan Tasi on Unsplash
Slide 15: How do we optimize health, welfare and performance in the face of system challenges?
How do we optimize health, welfare and performance in the face of system challenges? Photo by Matt Hardy on Unsplash
Slide 16: Resistant Phenotype
Resistant Phenotype
Slide 17: Health Disease
Health Disease Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 18: Health is not binary
‘sé Health is not 4 ees binary | \ a
Slide 19: Normal, healthy state
Normal, healthy state Resilient to perturbations or disruption of homeostasis Pre-disease state Unstable and vulnerable to perturbation Reversible and a good time for intervention
Slide 20: Normal, healthy state
Normal, healthy state Resilient to perturbations or disruption of homeostasis ; Pre-disease state Unstable and vulnerable to perturbation Reversible and a good time for intervention Disease state Clinical deterioration
Slide 21: Sudden, major change
Sudden, major change HEALTH PRE-DISEASE
Slide 22: Many minor changes
HEALTH Many minor changes PRE-DISEASE
Slide 23: Disease is a failure to maintain homeostasis
Disease is a failure to maintain homeostasis
Slide 24: Individual animals exhibit a dynamic health phenotype
Individual animals exhibit a ‘dynamic’ health phenotype
Slide 25: Resistant Phenotype
Resistant Phenotype
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Slide 28: Prozody
Prozody
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Slide 30: Time
SD Time Healthy Pre-diseased —_— —_=" Diseased
Slide 31: Healthy, pre-diseased, diseased
Healthy a Pre-diseased - Diseased nat
Slide 32: Not everyone has the same health
everyone has the same health
Slide 33: Transmission of disease
wi, 7 se NO transmission @@ of disease LY ] Transmission of disease is possible of disease
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Slide 36: Number of cases over time
Number of cases | Time
Slide 37: Footprints
Footprints: present Color: orange
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Slide 39: Genotype x Environment
> x © GENOTYPE ENVIRONMENT
Slide 40: Genotype, time, environment
X > GENOTYPE TIME ENVIRONMENT ige=—O2—bw — S<+oo-+> — OLOSFI —Oo—-crr
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Slide 42: Maternal genome
»Maternal "<< genome Q, genome \c STULL LS
Slide 43: External factors which affect gene expression
External factors which affect gene expression Growth factors Offspring Antigens genome Hormones Drugs Chemicals Temperature
Slide 44: External factors which affect gene expression
External factors which affect gene expression Growth factors Offspring Antigens genome Hormones Drugs Chemicals Temperature
Slide 45: Resistant Phenotype: Robust, Responsive
Resistant Phenotype Robust Responsiv e
Slide 46: Resistant Phenotype: Robustness
ROBUSTNESS BOBEGS TAS Za iii
Slide 47: Resistant Phenotype: Robustness
ROBUSTNESS BOBEGS TAS Za iii
Slide 48: Individual animals exhibit a dynamic health phenotype
Individual animals exhibit a ‘dynamic’ health phenotype Management practices determine health phenotype
Slide 49: What is a resistant phenotype?
An individual What is a that can resist resistant or respond to phenotype? change or challenge Photo by Karim MANJRA on Unsplash
Slide 50: Image by Devanath
Image by Devanath
Slide 51: Intestinal mucosa and mesenteric lymph node
Intestinal Mesenteric mucosa lymph node Migrating dendritic cell ae 1 endothelial venule mina propria
Slide 52: ae So //\o% > SOP *\ DAL
ae So //\o% > SOP *\ DAL oo = ns = e QT HEY Se Hsueh ei lense
Slide 53: Image by Devanath
Image by Devanath
Slide 54: Image by Defense Imagery
Image by Defense Imagery
Slide 55: Image by Wilfried Pohnke
Image by Wilfried Pohnke
Slide 56: Image by Skeeze
Image by Skeeze
Slide 57: The immune system is primarily an organ of homeostasis
The immune system is primarily an organ of homeostasis
Slide 58: The immune system works as a SYSTEM
The immune system works as a SYSTEM
Slide 59: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 60: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 61: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 62: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 63: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 64: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 65: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 66: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 67: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 68: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 69: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 70: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 71: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 72: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 73: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 74: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 75: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 76: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 77: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 78: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 79: Inflammation is the key immune response in health defense
Inflammation is the key immune response in health defense Photo by rawpixel on Unsplash
Slide 80: The adaptive immune system augments inflammation
The adaptive immune system augments inflammation
Slide 81: Photo by Max Ostrozhinskiy on Unsplash
Photo by Max Ostrozhinskiy on Unsplash
Slide 82: Inflammation has SIX key steps
Inflammation has SIX key steps Photo by Max Ostrozhinskiy on Unsplash
Slide 83: Inflammation steps
O®e2o0oO0
Slide 84: Recognition
Slide 85: Neutralization
Slide 86: Amplification
Slide 87: Killing
Slide 88: Clearance
Slide 89: - Sa >
- Sa >
Slide 90: Controller, sensor, effectors
Controller Sensor al Effectors
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Slide 92: The adaptive immune system augments inflammation
The adaptive immune system augments inflammation
Slide 93: Specificity
Specificity
Slide 94: Memory
Memory
Slide 95: Speed?
Speed?
Slide 96: How can we help our clients foster and sustain the resistant phenotype?
How can we help our clients foster and sustain the resistant phenotype?
Slide 97: The trajectory for health, performance and well being is defined early in life
The trajectory for health, performance and well being is defined early in life
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Slide 99: Early Life Adversity
Early Life Adversity Decreased cell mediated immunity Increased PMN senescence Pro-inflammation
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Slide 101: Mucosal, Mental, Microbial, Metabolic
Mental Microbial Metabolic Mucosal
Slide 102: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 103: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 104: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 105: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 106: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 107: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 108: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 109: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 110: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 111: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
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Slide 113: Immune responses are tightly regulated
Immune responses are tightly regulated Photo by Miguel Angel
Slide 114: Pro-Inflammatory
Pro-Inflammatory
Slide 115: Stress
Stress q - ¢ 4". . . 7 ae 1). oi ts a = -h , = ' area) ze es - :
Slide 116: Metabolism is a guiding force in immunity
Metabolism is a guiding force in immunity
Slide 117: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 118: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 119: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 120: Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Image by Elena Taranenko on Unsplash
Slide 121: Immune dysregulation is a wellspring of pathology
Immune dysregulation is a wellspring of pathology Photo by Mathew Schwarz on Unsplash
Slide 122: Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
Slide 123: Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
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Slide 124: Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
Slide 125: Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
Photo by NeuPaddy on Pixabay
Slide 126: Thank You
Thank You