Slide 1: Water Management Repairs
WATER MANAGEMENT REPAIRS Presented By: Scott Distefano Director of Product Management Infrastructure
Slide 2: Agenda
AGENDA ▪ INTRODUCTION ▪ Water Treatment Market & Overview ▪ Concerns & Typical Problems ▪ The Repair & Protect Strategy ▪ Identify the Problem ▪ Determine the root (s) cause ▪ Assess the condition ✓ Sika Solutions ▪ CONCLUSION 2 November 11, 2025 Expert Training – Waste Water Treatment Refurbishment
Slide 3: Water Treatment Market
WATER TREATMENT MARKET – I.R.C. ▪ There are 16,000 publicly owned water treatment plants in the US ▪ Treat 62.5 billion gallons per day ▪ 15% are at or exceeded their threshold ▪ Average lifespan is 40 to 50 years ▪ Many constructed in the 70’s due to Clean Water Act (1972) ▪ Nearing end of estimate
Slide 4: Some of the Many Elements of Water Treatment Plants
SOME OF THE MANY ELEMENTS OF WATER TREATMENT 4 PLANTS ▪ Screen ▪ Sedimentation tanks ▪ Oil separator ▪ Primary sedimentation ▪ Bioreactor ▪ Final sedimentation ▪ Sludge digesters ▪ Technical Buildings
Slide 5: Concerns at Water Treatment Facilities
CONCERNS AT WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES 5 ▪ ANSI/NSF 61 Potable Water Approval ▪ Drinking water treatments, reservoirs, tanks etc. ▪ Chemical Resistance ▪ Concern for all water retaining structures ▪ Durability/Abrasion Resistance ▪ Often repeated and constant abrasion at water treatment ▪ Down time
Slide 6: Selecting a Repair & Protection Strategy
SELECTING A REPAIR & PROTECTION STRATEGY 6 Repair ❑Identify and remove the unsound concrete 1. Identify the problem(s) ❑Repair the cracks 2. Determine the root cause(s) ❑Repair the spalls ❑Clean or replace the reinforcement 3. Assess the conditions ❑Coat the reinforcement ❑Strengthen Protect ❑Treat
Slide 7: Causes for Deterioration of Water Treatment Plants
CAUSES FOR DETERIORATION OF WATER TREATMENT PLANTS ▪ Biological (micro organisms) ▪ Reactive aggregates (ASR) ▪ Dissimilar metals ▪ Freeze/thaw cycles ▪ Impact/Abrasion ▪ Steel corrosion ▪ Chemicals/sulfates attack 7 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 8: Causes of Corrosion – The 3 C's
CAUSES OF CORROSION – THE 3 C’S Chlorides Carbonation Chemical Attack 8 November 11, 2025
Slide 9: Root Concern of Steel Corrosion
ROOT CONCERN OF STEEL CORROSION ▪ Anode sites form rust . . . ▪ Rust expands causing cracks & spalls to occur . . . ▪ Two things necessary to initiate corrosion: Water & Oxygen 9 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 10: Carbonation
CARBONATION ▪ Good quality concrete (pH = 12.7-13.2) steel is passivated ▪ Carbon dioxide enters, pH begins to drop, steel is not yet affected ▪ pH at steel drops below 9.5, corrosion begins ▪ Volume expansion of rust causes cracking and spalling 10 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting
Slide 11: Chloride Exposure
CHLORIDE EXPOSURE ▪ Common threshold limit = 1.3 lbs./y3 concrete ▪ ACI – 222 recommends a lower limit ▪ Chlorides require water and oxygen to continue to cause corrosion. 12 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 12: Sulfate Attack!
SULFATE ATTACK! ▪ Sulfates are chemical compounds derived from natural sources as well as from manufacturing processes. (SO₄²-) ▪ In nature, sulfates of various metals, such as sodium, potassium, magnesium, and calcium occur in; ▪ Internal sources ▪ hydraulic cements, ▪ fly ash ▪ Aggregate ▪ admixtu
Slide 13: Sulfate Attack!
SULFATE ATTACK! • Sulfates destroy cement paste, breaking it down over time • Creates new compounds; • Most commonly, Ettringite, that expands and cause cracking & spalling Chemical Sulfate Attack • Evidenced by “Bloom”, salts precipitate on the surface and cause it to scale • White salt crystalliza
Slide 14: Repair Solutions
REPAIR SOLUTIONS Determine Root Cause
Slide 15: Selecting a Repair & Protection Strategy
SELECTING A REPAIR & PROTECTION STRATEGY 17 Repair 1. Identify the problem(s) ❑Identify and remove the unsound concrete 2. Determine the root cause(s) ❑Repair the cracks 3. Assess the conditions ❑Repair the spalls ❑Clean or replace the reinforcement ❑Coat the reinforcement ❑Strengthen Protect ❑Treat
Slide 16: Testing
TESTING ▪ Check for substrate quality ▪ Check Ambient Conditions ▪ Scratch Test ▪ Relative Humidity ▪ Absorption ▪ Ambient Temp. ▪ Rebound hammer (Schmidt) ▪ Substrate Temp. ▪ Direct Tensile Pulls ▪ DEW POINT ▪ Check for moisture ▪ Tramex ▪ “Plastic Sheet” Test ▪ Calcium Chloride ▪ Relative Humidity
Slide 17: Overview of Common Testing Procedures
OVERVIEW OF COMMON TESTING PROCEDURES 19 Scratch Testing Pull-Off Testing Moisture Testing Rebar Hammer Testing Calcium Chloride Testing RH Testing Plastic Sheet Test Dew Point Testing
Slide 18: Repair & Protection
REPAIR & PROTECTION Assess the Conditions
Slide 19: Selecting a Repair & Protection Strategy
SELECTING A REPAIR & PROTECTION STRATEGY 21 Repair ❑Identify and remove the unsound concrete 1. Identify the problem(s) ❑Repair the cracks 2. Determine the root cause(s) ❑Repair the spalls ❑Clean or replace the reinforcement 3. Assess the conditions ❑Coat the reinforcement ❑Strengthen Protect ❑Treat
Slide 20: Typical Repairs of a Water Treatment Plant
TYPICAL REPAIRS OF A WATER TREATMENT PLANT 22 ▪ Grouting ▪ Joint Sealing ▪ Structural Strengthening ▪ Concrete Repair ▪ Crack Repair ▪ Protective Coatings
Slide 21: Product Selection Criteria
PRODUCT SELECTION CRITERIA ▪ Movement requirements ▪ Chemical Resistivity ▪ Moisture Conditions ▪ Substrate quality ▪ Life Cycle expectations ▪ Sustainability/Environmental Impact ▪ Potable Water exposure 23 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 22: Substrate Preparation
SUBSTRATE PREPARATION
Slide 23: Surface Preparation
SURFACE PREPARATION ▪ Industry Focus & Aid ▪ Extremely Sensitive Topic ▪ ICRI => 30+ years Servicing Industry ▪ www.icri.org ▪ Useful Guides: ▪ Surface Prep for Deteriorated Concrete = #310.1R ▪ Surface Prep Methods = #310.2R 25 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 24: Surface Preparation
SURFACE PREPARATION 26 November 11, 2025
Slide 25: International Concrete Repair Institute (ICRI)
INTERNATIONAL CONCRETE REPAIR INSTITUTE (ICRI) Recommended preparation for each material Introduction – Causes – Substrate – Application – Example – Range – Initiatives
Slide 26: Comparison of Preparation Methods for Flooring
COMPARISON OF PREPARATION METHODS FOR FLOORING After bush hammering After shot/sand blasting
Slide 27: The Reason for Surface Preparation
THE REASON FOR SURFACE PREPARATION SUBSTRATE BEFORE PREPARATION SUBSTRATE AFTER PREPARATION
Slide 28: Spall Repair
SPALL REPAIR
Slide 29: Spall Repair Basics
SPALL REPAIR BASICS 31 ▪ Why cementitious? ▪ Thermally compatible with existing concrete ▪ Freeze thaw resistant ▪ Cost efficient
Slide 30: Application Steps for Repairing Concrete
APPLICATION STEPS FOR REPAIRING CONCRETE Removal of Substrate Finishing and damaged Application preparation curing concrete
Slide 31: Surface Preparation
SURFACE PREPARATION ▪ Sawcut perimeter of patches ▪ Simple square/rectangular shape ▪ Fractured-aggregate profile ▪ Min. CSP 4-5 ▪ Clean and sound ▪ Saturated, surface dry 33 November 11, 2025
Slide 32: Application Techniques
APPLICATION TECHNIQUES Manual Sprayed Poured Introduction – Causes – Substrate – Application – Example – Range – Initiatives
Slide 33: Spall Repair Basics
SPALL REPAIR BASICS Hand/Trowel • Small patches Applied Form and • Large patches/replacement Poured • May be screed finished Spray Applied • Large scale repair and resurfacing 35 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 34: Rebar Coating
REBAR COATING 36 ▪ Protect new and existing rebar ▪ Acts as a barrier to protect the reinforcing steel ▪ Promotes adhesion between the reinforcing steel and the repair material
Slide 35: Sika Armatec Epocem – Our Work Horse
SIKA ARMATEC 110 EPOCEM – OUR WORK HORSE ▪ 3 component, epoxy-modified cement ▪ Contains corrosion inhibitor ▪ Used for coating reinforcing steel and as a bonding agent ▪ The product was launched in 1994 ▪ Has a tremendously long and successful track record ▪ This is the premium product for this app
Slide 36: Manual Application
MANUAL APPLICATION ADVANTAGES ▪ Perfect for small repair areas ▪ No problems with access or space available ▪ No need of special tools ▪ One worker can do it alone ▪ Easy to work with fast setting mortars ▪ Easy trowel finishing HOW IT WORKS ▪ Mortar is first mixed and then applied in place with man
Slide 37: Hand/Trowel Applied
HAND/TROWEL APPLIED 39 ▪ Small/medium patches ▪ Isolated areas ▪ Bonding agent or at least scrub coat ▪ Force repair material into the pores ▪ Get good compaction ▪ Provide mechanical locking between lifts ▪ Finish as desired without excess water ▪ Cure
Slide 38: GeoHybrid
40 GEOHYBRID INTRO TO TECHNOLOGY ▪ Sika Monotop®-4500 Geo Hybrid is a new cementitious mortar based on Geo Hybrid binder technology rather than OPC ▪ Geo Hybrid polymers are an alkali-activated, alumino-silicate binder with high mechanical and durability properties ▪ Concrete repair product which ca
Slide 39: What Is Geopolymer, What Is GeoHybrid Technology
WHAT IS GEOPOLYMER, WHAT IS GEOHYBRID TECHNOLOGY CEMENT REPLACEMENT TECHNOLOGY GEOPOLYMER Ordinary Portland Cement (OPC) Davidovits model of geopolymer structure Cement (OPC) is the adhesive bonding the sand and rocks in mortar/concrete GEOHYBRID TECHNOLOGY
Slide 40: New GeoHybrid Products
42 NEW GEOHYBRID PRODUCTS ▪ Sika MonoTop®-4500 GeoHybrid ▪ Geopolymer vertical / overhead ▪ Low Velocity Spray applications ▪ Up to 3” vertical in one application ▪ 1” overhead without reinforcement ▪ Excellent chemical resistance (H2S) ▪ Waste water applications ▪ Can be used for horizontal applica
Slide 41: Acid Attack Compared to Other Binder Types
ACID (H2SO4) ATTACK COMPARED TO OTHER BINDER TYPES (NEEDED FOR SEWER REHAB) Competitor “Geopolymer” MonoTop 4400 MIC MonoTop 4500 product
Slide 42: Spray Application Trials
SPRAY APPLICATION TRIALS ▪ Wet Spray, Corpus Christi
Slide 43: Hand/Trowel Applied
HAND/TROWEL APPLIED ▪ SikaTop 123 PLUS ▪ Vertical/Overhead ▪ SikaTop 122 PLUS ▪ Horizontal ▪ Highest performance ▪ Potable Water Approved ▪ Latex Modified ▪ Penetrating corrosion inhibitor 45 November 11, 2025
Slide 44: Poured Application
POURED APPLICATION ADVANTAGES ▪ No application tools are needed ▪ No vibration required ▪ Easy to place once the formwork is prepared HOW IT WORKS ▪ A formwork is built to hold the pourable repair mortar until it hardens. This formwork is watertight and capable of resisting the pressure of the morta
Slide 45: Form and Pour
FORM AND POUR 47 ▪ Large/deep spall areas ▪ Isolated repairs
Slide 46: New GeoHybrid Products
48 NEW GEOHYBRID PRODUCTS ▪ SikaCrete®-6000 GeoHybrid ▪ Geopolymer micro-concrete ▪ Formulated with 3/8” pea gravel ▪ SCC formulation ▪ Low permeability ▪ Excellent freeze-thaw durability ▪ Improved chemical resistance ▪ Deep pour applications (up to 12”)
Slide 47: Form and Pour
FORM AND POUR ▪ Sikacrete 360 SCC ▪ One Component, just add water ▪ Self Consolidating ▪ Polymer Modified ▪ Corrosion Inhibitor ▪ Silica Fume ▪ Low Chloride Permeability ▪ Thickness = 1 - 24” 49 November 11, 2025
Slide 48: Wet Spray Application
WET SPRAY APPLICATION ADVANTAGES ▪ Constant mortar consistency ▪ Easier quality control procedures ▪ Reduced dust generation ▪ Better yield ▪ Suitable for application in confined spaces ▪ Minimum rebound ▪ Easy trowel finishing HOW IT WORKS ▪ Mortar is first mixed and then fed to the pump. Air is ad
Slide 49: Spray Applied
SPRAY APPLIED 51 ▪ Large/widespread repair areas ▪ Resurfacing prior to coating
Slide 50: Spraying
SPRAYING
Slide 51: Spray Applied
SPRAY APPLIED ▪ Sikacem 226 CI ▪ Easy to use spray applied mortar ▪ Low permeability ▪ Fiber reinforced ▪ Silica fume enhanced ▪ Low dust, low rebound 53 November 11, 2025
Slide 52: Joint & Crack Repair
JOINT & CRACK REPAIR
Slide 53: Joint & Crack Considerations
JOINT & CRACK CONSIDERATIONS 55 Dynamic/Moving Rigid/Structural Leaking/Wet
Slide 54: Joint Solutions
JOINT SOLUTIONS Property Polyurethane Polysulfide Polyolefin Type Conventional extruded Conventional extruded Sheet and structural adhesive Location In the joint In the joint Surface over joint Bond strength Excellent Excellent Outstanding Joint Movement 35-50% 25% Extreme Maximum Moving Joint ~ 1.5
Slide 55: Waste Water Treatment: Joint Sealant Selection
WASTE WATER TREATMENT: JOINT SEALANT SELECTION ▪ Sikaflex 2c NS EZ Mix/SL ▪ 2 component polyurethane sealant ▪ +50%/-25% Movement capability ▪ Meets ANSI/NSF 61 for potable water ▪ Commonly used when overcoating ▪ Sika Duoflex NS/SL ▪ 2 component polysulfide sealant ▪ ± 25% Movement capability ▪ Mee
Slide 56: Joint Design
JOINT DESIGN Sealant dimensions ▪ 2 wide : 1 deep is preferred ▪ 1 wide : 1 deep is acceptable ▪ Avoid deeper than wide ▪ Maximum depth ½”, possible to go deeper with 2 component sealant ▪ Minimum depth ¼”, to endure traffic minimum depth ½” Width ¼” ½” ¾” 1” 1 ¼” 1 ½” Depth ¼” ¼”-½” ½” ½” ½” ½” Pre
Slide 57: Polyurethane & Polysulfide Sealant Installation
POLYURETHANE & POLYSULFIDE SEALANT INSTALLATION ▪ Joint surface cleaned & prepared ▪ Primed ▪ Backed with rod or tape ▪ Gunned & tooled 59November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 58: Cove Joint Sealing
COVE JOINT SEALING ▪ Bond surface cleaned & prepared ▪ Primed ▪ Backed with rod or tape ▪ Gunned & tooled 60November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 59: Polyurethane & Polysulfide Sealant Installation
POLYURETHANE & POLYSULFIDE SEALANT INSTALLATION ▪ Completed joint
Slide 60: Sikadur Combiflex SG System
SIKADUR COMBIFLEX SG SYSTEM 62 ▪ ▪ ▪
Slide 61: Polyolefin Sheet Sealing System – Combiflex SG
POLYOLEFIN SHEET SEALING SYSTEM – COMBIFLEX SG ▪ Surface cleaned & prepared ▪ Joint typically filled with polyurethane sealant as backing and prevent edge rubbing ▪ Epoxy gel applied to both sides ▪ Polyolefin sheet embedded (4”, 8”, or 12” wide)
Slide 62: Polyolefin Sheet Sealing System – Combiflex SG
POLYOLEFIN SHEET SEALING SYSTEM – COMBIFLEX SG ▪ Epoxy gel repeated to sandwich sheet ▪ 82’ roll lengths ▪ Heat weld to join Back River WWTP
Slide 63: First High Reservoir, DCWSA – Sikadur Combiflex SG
FIRST HIGH RESERVOIR, DCWSA – SIKADUR COMBIFLEX SG ▪ Stop leakage out ▪ Stop seepage in ▪ Prevent old joint material contamination
Slide 64: First High Reservoir, DCWSA – Sikadur Combiflex SG
FIRST HIGH RESERVOIR, DCWSA – SIKADUR COMBIFLEX SG
Slide 65: Sikadur Combiflex SG
SIKADUR COMBIFLEX SG FIELD APPLIED MIN. 3/4 IN [19.1 rem] DEEP INJECTED ‘SEALANT BAND AND CORNER BEAD (WINIMUM 7 DAY CURE REQUIRED BEFORE SUBMERGING) -—— warermien FACTORY APPLIED SICOONE BELLOW — a roxy ADHIESYE——~ L ae of ED ceo vo wc 1 2 ony -25% — 1/4 IN (6mm) ° seautmé SIKADUR COMBIFLEX SG SYST
Slide 66: Welding Instruction
6. WELDING INSTRUCTION The Sikadur Combiflex® SG tape ends are connected by hot air thermal welding. The welding area must be prepared by abrading and roughening the surface with scotch-brite pads or sandpaper. Roughen the tapes in the welding area only otherwise their adhesive bond can be affected.
Slide 67: Crack Repair
CRACK REPAIR
Slide 68: Crack Repair Using Reactive Resins
CRACK REPAIR USING REACTIVE RESINS ▪ Why Do Cracks Occur in Concrete? Why are cracks a concern? ▪ Drying shrinkage ▪ Leak water and/or chemicals in or out ▪ Poor concrete practice ▪ Worsen with freezing/thawing ▪ Inadequate joint design ▪ Allow entry of water, chlorides, & CO2 to cause ▪ Settlement
Slide 69: Crack Repair Methods
CRACK REPAIR METHODS ✓ Rout and seal with polyurethane ✓ Rout and fill with epoxy ✓ Flood and fill with epoxy ✓ Epoxy injection ✓ Urethane/Acrylate injection ✓ Elastomeric coatings 71 November 11, 2025
Slide 70: Allowable Crack Widths
ALLOWABLE CRACK WIDTHS ACI 224R-TABLE 4.1-GUIDE TO REASONABLE CRACK WIDTHS, REINFORCED CONCRETE UNDER SERVICE LOADS. Crack width Exposure condition in. mm Dry air or protective membrane 0.016 0.41 Humidity, moist air, soil 0.012 0.30 Deicing chemicals 0.007 0.18 Seawater and Seawater spray, wetting
Slide 71: Leaking Cracks
LEAKING CRACKS
Slide 72: Leaking Cracks: Main Chemistries
LEAKING CRACKS 74 MAIN CHEMISTRIES ▪Polyurethane Foams ▪Acrylate Gels
Slide 73: Where to Use PU Foams
WHERE TO USE PU FOAMS SIKAFIX HH, SIKA INJECTION 101RC ▪ Reacts with water and foams rapidly to seal leak path ▪ Expands approximately 35-40 times ▪ Expansion can start less than 20 seconds after contact with water ▪ Considered a temporary solution ▪ Requires solvents to clean injection equipment an
Slide 74: Urethane Injection
URETHANE INJECTION ▪ Also known as chemical grouting ▪ Effective negative side waterproofing ▪ Works even with very active leakage ▪ Allows for some movement ▪ ANSI 61 potable water compliant 76 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 75: Urethane Injection
URETHANE INJECTION ▪ Holes drilled on 45 degree angle to intersect crack at midpoint of wall ▪ Packers are secured in the holes ▪ Urethane resin is injected through packers into crack
Slide 76: Urethane Injection
URETHANE INJECTION ▪ Material will react, foam, and flow back out of the crack ▪ Because injection started at the middle, it will flow out the other side for a full depth and positive side seal ▪ Foam grout will cure to stiffer state ▪ Shave urethane grout off to concrete surface
Slide 77: Where to Use Acrylate Resins
WHERE TO USE ACRYLATE RESINS (INJECT 215, INJECTION 304, 307, 310US) ▪ Adjustable reaction time ▪ Does not need contact with water to react once mixed ▪ Very low viscosity similar to water ▪ Considered a permanent solution ▪ Easily cleaned with water Should be NOT used for active leaks with high wat
Slide 78: Existing/Old Structures
EXISTING/OLD STRUCTURES ▪ Area injection work of old structures
Slide 79: Area Injection Work
AREA INJECTION WORK - Leaking concrete structures - Insufficient concrete quality (mixture, compaction …) - Insufficient construction – thickness of the structure - Missing or damaged waterproofing - Leaking brick walls - Missing or damaged waterproofing - Changing groundwater level - New utilizatio
Slide 80: Area Injection Work: Grid Injection
AREA INJECTION WORK ▪ Grid Injection ➔ The packers are placed in a grid with a distance between 12-18”. The right distance shall be checked by a test injection. ➔ The depth of the holes is 2/3 of the construction. Injektions- Grid Bohrkanäle schleier injection im Raster
Slide 81: Area Injection Work: Curtain Injection
AREA INJECTION WORK ▪ Curtain Injection ➔ The packers are placed in a grid with a distance between 12-20”. The right distance shall be checked by a test injection. ➔ You need detailed information of the soil to choose the right material, the right packer distance and the right way of application. Cu
Slide 82: Area Injection Work: Block Wall Injections
AREA INJECTION WORK ▪ Block Wall Injections ➔ The packers are placed with a distance between 6-8”. ➔ Depending on the brick construction a two step injection could be necessary.
Slide 83: Joint Waterproofing Injectable Acrylate Resins
JOINT WATERPROOFING INJECTABLE ACRYLATE RESINS Sika Inject-215 Sika Injection-307 Sika Injection-310 ▪ Reaction Time of 2-15 ▪ Set Reaction Time of 15-45 ▪ Pre-Set Reaction Time of 30 Minutes Minutes Minutes ▪ Three Component ▪ Three Component ▪ Single Component Powder ▪ Hydrophilic Material Creates
Slide 84: Available Sika Waterproofing Injection Products
AVAILABLE SIKA WATERPROOFING INJECTION PRODUCTS Polyurethane foams ▪ Sika®Fix HH, HH+, and HH LV foaming material with homogeneous cell structure ▪ Sika® Injection-101us Quick reacting material with flexible foam and low viscosity Acrylic resins ▪ Sika® Injection-307: Corrosion inhibitor ▪ Sika® Inj
Slide 85: Rigid/Structural Cracks
RIGID/STRUCTURAL CRACKS
Slide 86: Static (Non-Moving) Cracks
STATIC (NON-MOVING) CRACKS ▪ Typically Determined: After Monitoring / By Design Professional ▪ When Root Cause is Known (e.g. Shrinkage, Over Loading, Impact, etc.) ▪ When Structural Repairs Are Required ▪ Prevent Infiltration of Moisture, Chlorides, Chemicals ▪ Concrete Crack Treatment with High Mo
Slide 87: Epoxy Resin Crack Repair Requirements
EPOXY RESIN CRACK REPAIR REQUIREMENTS ▪ Cracks must be dormant (non-moving) or they may re-appear. ▪ Cracks subject to active hydrostatic or osmotic pressure (i.e., running water) should not be treated with epoxy products. ▪ Cores should be taken to ensure proper penetration and adhesion. 89 Novembe
Slide 88: Repair Procedure
REPAIR PROCEDURE 1. Port Installation ▪ Surface mounted or Socket ▪ May be connected with manifold ▪ How far apart do we space ports? 90
Slide 89: Repair Procedure
REPAIR PROCEDURE 1. Port Installation ▪ Surface mounter or Socket ▪ May be connected with manifold ▪ How far apart do we space ports? As far apart as possible but no closer than 6” (we can assume a 3” travel of resin in direction). On Average 8” Thinned slabs may allow for 12” 91
Slide 90: Repair Procedure: Port Installation
REPAIR PROCEDURE 1. Port Installation 92
Slide 91: Repair Procedure
REPAIR PROCEDURE 2. Install the Capseal ▪ Mark largest portion of crack ▪ Must install on both sides of crack ▪ “More is better” ▪ Material Selection Criteria: ▪ Non-sag consistency (for vertical or overhead) ▪ Moisture-tolerance ▪ Working life ▪ Rigidity (modulus of elasticity). 93
Slide 92: Repair Procedure: Install the Capseal
REPAIR PROCEDURE 2. Install the Capseal 94
Slide 93: Repair Procedure
REPAIR PROCEDURE 3. Inject the Epoxy ▪ Double check cap seal and ports ▪ Mix epoxy according to manufacturer ▪ For horizontal – start at widest point ▪ For vertical – start from bottom ▪ Continue until refusal, cap immediately ▪ If hairline crack, try increasing pressure to 200 psi for 5 min. (must
Slide 94: Repair Procedure: Remove Ports & Capseal
REPAIR PROCEDURE 4. Remove Ports & Capseal 96
Slide 95: Protection
PROTECTION
Slide 96: Routes to Protection
ROUTES TO PROTECTION 98 ▪ Protective Coatings ▪ Cementitious ▪ Epoxy ▪ Urethane
Slide 97: Cementitious Coatings
CEMENTITIOUS COATINGS
Slide 98: SikaTop Seal 107
SIKATOP SEAL 107 100 ▪ Polymer modified cementitious coating ▪ Great for storage tanks ▪ Waterproofing ▪ Positive & Negative side ▪ Freeze thaw resistant (similar to base substrate) ▪ Chloride & Carbonation resistant ▪ NSF/ANSI 61 Approved for Potable Water
Slide 99: SikaTop Seal 107
SIKATOP SEAL 107 ▪ Bonds to damp concrete ▪ Fills in bug holes and surface defects 101 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 100: SikaTop Seal 107
SIKATOP SEAL 107 102 ▪ Multiple applications methods ▪ Roller ▪ Squeegee ▪ Spray
Slide 101: SikaTop Seal 107
SIKATOP SEAL 107 103 ▪ Also good for pedestrian traffic ▪ Breathable for on-grade applications
Slide 102: Epoxy Coatings
EPOXY COATINGS
Slide 103: Why Epoxy Coatings?
WHY EPOXY COATINGS? ▪ Extremely durable ▪ Superior abrasion resistance ▪ Corrosion resistant ▪ Non permeable, non breathable ▪ Chemical resistant ▪ Long term protection 105 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 104: Where to Use
WHERE TO USE Digesters Sedimentation basins Coagulation/Flocculation Filters Secondary Containment Maintenance areas 106 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 105: Application
APPLICATION Roller • The wider the better! Squeegee (used in conjunction with roller) • Small notch Pin Rake • Reduces pin holing in thicker applications Brush (or small roller) • Detailing Spray • Fastest 107 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 106: Epoxy Coatings Sikagard 62
EPOXY COATINGS SIKAGARD 62 Protective, Solvent Free, Colored Epoxy Coating ▪ 100% solids epoxy coating ▪ High build ▪ Good chemical resistance (WTP / WWTP mechanical rooms & containment areas) ▪ USDA-certifiable & Potable Water Approved ▪ Receive broadcast aggregate for slip resistance (seamless flo
Slide 107: Epoxy Coatings Sikagard 62
EPOXY COATINGS SIKAGARD 62 ▪ Viscosity ~3500 cps ▪ Mix Ratio = 1:1 ▪ Coverage = 150-250 sq. ft /gallon ▪ Mill thickness –10 Mills Minimum ▪ Colors – Gray, Red and Tan. ▪ Application ▪ Roller ▪ Spray
Slide 108: Epoxy Coatings Sikagard - WTP
EPOXY COATINGS SIKAGARD 62 - WTP
Slide 109: Epoxy Coatings Sikagard - WTP
EPOXY COATINGS SIKAGARD 62 - WTP
Slide 110: Sikagard 120 HB
SIKAGARD 120 HB 112 OBJECTIVES: ▪ High build epoxy coating for WWTP to supersede legacy Sikagard 62 and compete with Tnemec. ▪ Spray 90-120 mils in one coat ▪ Microfiber reinforced ▪ Extreme Chemical resistance ▪ Full repair system – compatible with Sikacem 226 Packaging: ▪ 3 gal or 150 gal kits ▪ P
Slide 111: Sikagard HB Focus - Chemical Resistance
SIKAGARD 120 HB FOCUS - CHEMICAL RESISTANCE ▪ Sikagard 120 HB coverage ▪ 12.5 sq.ft./gal. per coat @ 120 mils ▪ 25 sq.ft./gal. per coat @ 60 mils ▪ 2 coats recommended, 1 coat possible @ 120 mils ▪ Where to Use ▪ Concrete or Steel ▪ Containment tanks ▪ Machine bases ▪ Plant floors or walls ▪ Ground
Slide 112: Focus - Chemical Resistance
FOCUS - CHEMICAL RESISTANCE ▪ Chemical Resistance Summary ▪ Sulfuric Acid (80%) – Slight discoloration ▪ Hydrochloric Acid – Non Affected ▪ Diesel/Gasoline – Non Affected ▪ Xylene – Non Affected ▪ Solvents – Soften initially but recuperate after drying ▪ Acetone ▪ MEK ▪ Methanol
Slide 113: Chemical Resistance
CHEMICAL RESISTANCE 115 Acetic Acid 5% • Ammonium Hydroxide 5% • Diesel Fuel • Ferric Chloride 1% • Fresh and non potable water • Gasoline • Hypochloric Acid 10% • Kerosene • Nitric Acid 10% • Sodium Carbonate • Sodium Chloride 10% • Sodium Hydroxide 25% • Sodium Hypochlorite 1%* • Sulfuric Acid 20%
Slide 114: Water/Wastewater Treatment
WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT 116
Slide 115: Water/Wastewater Treatment
WATER/WASTEWATER TREATMENT 117
Slide 116: St. Louis WWTP
ST. LOUIS WWTP 118
Slide 117: Polyurethane Coatings
POLYURETHANE COATINGS
Slide 118: Sikagard 7600
SIKAGARD 7600 What is Sikagard 7600? • A two-component asphalt extended polyurethane waterproofing membrane Key Attributes: • Elastomeric • Approved for continuous immersion conditions • NSF/ANSI 61 Potable Water Approved • Excellent Chemical resistance • UV resistant • Low VOC Available in 2 grades
Slide 119: Sikagard 7600
SIKAGARD 7600 121 Property Value Test Method Solids Volume Content 89 +/- 2% ASTM D-2697 VOC Content 78 g/L ASTM D-2369-81 Adhesion 350 psi Elcometer Shore A Hardness 60 +/- 5 ASTM D-2240 Tensile Strength 1000 +/- 50 psi ASTM D-412 Elongation 450 +/- 50% ASTM D-412 Tear Strength 180 +/- 50 pli ASTM
Slide 120: Sikagard 7600: Chemical Resistance Chart
SIKAGARD 7600:CHEMICAL RESISTANCE CHART ✓ Solvent resistant including: ▪ Motor Oil, Gasoline, Diesel, Methanol, Ethylene Glycol, TSP. ✓ Acid resistant including: ▪ Hydrogen sulfide gas, Hydrofluoric Acid, Sewage, Sodium Hypochlorite, Sulphuric Acid 10%, Phosphoric Acid 10%
Slide 121: Sikagard 7600: Water Treatment Facilities
SIKAGARD 7600: WATER TREATMENT FACILITIES 123 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 122: Sikagard 7600 Application Steps
SIKAGARD 7600 Application Steps
Slide 123: Priming
PRIMING 126 ▪ Sikadur 22 Lo Mod FS for concrete, plywood, and recoats with coating window between minimum 2-4 hours and maximum 36 hours. ▪ Sikalastic FTP Lo-VOC Primer for concrete and plywood with coating window between minimum 4-6 hours and maximum 24 hours. ▪ Sikalastic PF Lo-VOC Primer for conc
Slide 124: Detailing
DETAILING ▪ Apply 4” wide 30 mil detail coat of Sikagard 7600 to cracks < 1/16” ▪ Rout cracks ≥ 1/16” to at least ¼” by ¼” and seal with Sikaflex 1a which is also good for green concrete. After 1a is tack-free (~ 3 hours) apply the 3” wide 30 mil detail coat. ▪ Also seal all joints and coves with Si
Slide 125: Installation – Sikagard 7600 HG
INSTALLATION – SIKAGARD 7600 HG ▪ Designed for application on horizontal surfaces ▪ Easy application; Roll, brush, or squeegee apply ▪ Horizontal-Grade (HG) grade can be applied up to 120 mils in single coat horizontally, and will hang 30 mils vertically
Slide 126: Installation – Sikagard 7600 VG
INSTALLATION – SIKAGARD 7600 VG ▪ Designed for application on vertical surfaces ▪ Roll, brush, or trowel, apply ▪ VG grade can be applied up to 120 mils in single coat horizontally, and will hang 90 mils vertically
Slide 127: Installation – Sikalastic 7600 VG and HG
INSTALLATION – SIKALASTIC 7600 VG AND HG ▪ Cures in about 4 - 6 hours to be ready for another coat ▪ Must apply additional coat within 16 hours – or clean, solvent wipe and prime
Slide 128: Installation – Sikalastic 7600 VG and HG
INSTALLATION – SIKALASTIC 7600 VG AND HG ▪ Best to complete primer & coats in sections to avoid missing coating windows 131 November 11, 2025 Title of Presentation / Meeting Name
Slide 129: Warranty
WARRANTY 132 COVER – NO UV EXPOSURE SLOPE TO DRAIN – NO PONDING WATER
Slide 130: Pasco County Solid Waste: Leachate Storage Tank
PASCO COUNTY SOLID WASTE: LEACHATE STORAGE TANK 133 SIKAGARD 7600 Project Details: Pasco County Solid Waste Pasco County, FL Leachate Storage Tank Interior Lining ▪ PRODUCTS: SIKAGARD 7600, SIKATOP 123 PLUS,SIKA COMBIFLEX SG SYSTEM,SIKADUR 31,SIKAFIX HH ▪ QTY: $210,000.00 ▪ CONTRACTOR: Crom Corporat
Slide 131: Sikagard 7600 Partnership Crom Corporation
SIKAGARD 7600 134 PARTNERSHIP CROM CORPORATION Clayton County Water Authority Jonesboro GA Water Storage Tank Interior Repair to Seal Leak Dunes WTP Palm Coast, FL Water Storage Tank Interior Lining Greenville, NC Potable Storage Tank Interior Crack Repair City of Cape Canaveral, FL Reclaim Storage
Slide 132: Additional Resources
ADDITIONAL RESOURCES Sika Technical Services Phone: 1-800-933-7452 ext. 5
Slide 133: Reminder: Webinar Certificate
REMINDER: WEBINAR CERTIFICATE ▪ Certificates will be distributed via email. ▪ All attendees will receive a copy and recording of the webinar, this may take up to a week to distribute. We appreciate your patience.
Slide 134: Thank You.
THANK YOU.