Dow Inc. · NYSE:DOW
Dow — Technical Presentation
48 slides from Dow's technical presentation
Slide 1: Materials Science in Foaming
Materials Science in Foaming Ernesto Di Maio and Salvatore Iannace Department of Chemical, Materials and National Research Council Production Engineering Milan&Naples, Italy University of Naples Federico II, Italy
Slide 2: foaming in Naples
foaming in Naples FoamLab
Slide 3: the beauty of foam
the beauty of foam: “it is like designing materials with air” L.J.Gibson, Cellular Materials, 2001
Slide 4: nice and soft
nice and soft
Slide 5: acoustic absorption
acoustic absorption
Slide 6: thermal insulation
thermal insulation
Slide 7: the most efficient, wonderful structural materials
the most efficient, wonderful structural materials
Slide 8: foams as structural materials
foams as structural materials
Slide 9: foams as structural materials
foams as structural materials
Slide 10: structures that we try to mimic
structures that we try to mimic
Slide 11: how?
how?
Slide 12: as easy as: pouring some beer, beating egg white, baking a cake
as easy as: pouring some beer beating egg white baking a cake
Slide 13: as easy as: pouring some beer vs. making egg white
as easy as: pouring some beer vs. vs. making egg white vs.
Slide 14: materials science matters
as easy as: pouring some beer vs. materials science matters vs. making egg white vs.
Slide 15: www.foamlab.unina.it
www.foamlab.unina.it
Slide 16: new characterization tools, processing tools, understanding
new characterization tools new processing tools new understanding new materials & products
Slide 17: new characterization tools
new characterization tools • HP-rheology • HP-DSC • pVT • TEM/SEM/optical • …
Slide 18: new characterization tools
new characterization tools • HP-rheology • HP-DSC • pVT • TEM/SEM/optical • coupled sorption/drop shape analysis • solubility, diffusivity, density, interfacial tension MSB HP/HT view Pastore Carbone et al., Polymer Testing 2013
Slide 19: new characterization tools
new characterization tools solubility diffusivity interfacial density tension Di Caprio et al., Fluid Phase Equilibria, 2016
Slide 20: new processing tools
new processing tools Tammaro, et al. J Cell Past 2015 Tammaro, et al. I&CER 2016
Slide 21: new understanding, new materials & products
new understanding new materials & products …playing around with all of the possible strategies to achieve a good foam with the material with the blowing agents with the nucleating agents with the process
Slide 22: 1. macromolecular architecture
1. macromolecular architecture PCL PCL 1%perox Di Maio et al. Macromol. Symp. 2005 Di et al. Macromol. Mater. Eng. 2005
Slide 23: 2. blowing agent
2. blowing agent PCL CO2 N2 CO2/N2 Di Maio et al. Poly. Eng. Sci 2005
Slide 24: 3. nanometric additive
3. nanometric additive PLA 1% nano Marrazzo et al. Poly. Eng. Sci 2008 Di. et al J. Pol. Sci. B 2003 Di Maio et al. Plastics Rubbers and Composites 2003 Di Maio et al. Polymer 2004 Di. et al J. Pol. Sci. B 2005
Slide 25: 4. processing
4. processing 300bar/s 3000bar/s Di Maio et al. Poly. Eng. Sci 2005 Marrazzo et al. J. of Cell. Plast. 2008 Sorrentino et al. J App Pol Sci 2010 Salerno et al. Biotech Bioeng 2011 Tammaro et al. . J. of Cell. Plast. 2015
Slide 26: new materials & products
new materials & products Orsi et al. Nano Research 2014
Slide 27: new materials & products
new materials & products Contaldi et al. JAPS 2016
Slide 28: new materials & products
new materials & products Trujillo de Santiago et al. in preparation
Slide 29: so far… thermoplastic foams by physical blowing agents
so far… thermoplastic foams by physical blowing agents
Slide 30: thermosetting polyurethane foams by physical blowing agents
thermosetting polyurethane foams by physical blowing agents
Slide 31: insulating performance over time
insulating performance λ=0.020W/m.K λ=0.025W/m.K time introduction of water introduction of pentane as blowing agent as co-blowing agent R. Herrington, K. Hock, Polyurethane Foams, The Dow Chemical Company, 1977
Slide 32: insulating performance over time
insulating performance ? λ=0.020W/m.K λ=0.025W/m.K time introduction of water introduction of pentane as blowing agent as co-blowing agent
Slide 33: scCO2 as blowing agent
scCO2 insulating performance ? λ=0.020W/m.K λ=0.025W/m.K time introduction of water introduction of pentane as blowing agent as co-blowing agent
Slide 34: how?
how? 1. sorption under high pressure 2. curing under high pressure 3. foaming at pressure release
Slide 35: Slide 35
Slide 36: Di Caprio et al., Polymer Testing, submitted
Di Caprio et al., Polymer Testing, submitted
Slide 37: rubber impeller
rubber impeller = Dow FoamLab
Slide 38: rubber impeller, sapphire window
rubber impeller sapphire window
Slide 39: foamnLab
foamnLab
Slide 40: FoamLab
FoamLab
Slide 41: Slide 41
Slide 42: sorption
sorption FT-NIR spectra polyol+CO2 *CO2 combination bands *4950cm-1 *5070cm-1 t = 2days t=0 T=35°C, Pco2 = 40 bar, tsorption = 2 days scans=32 resolution= 4 cm-1 *Buback et al. Physica B&C 139-140 (1986) 544-546 T. Guadagno, S. G. Kazarian J. Phys. Chem. B. 108 (2004) 13995
Slide 43: curing
curing FT-NIR spectra polyol+MDI+CO2 1,45 1,40 isocyanate -NCO 4680 cm-1 1,35 1,30 isocyanate Absorbance -NCO 5347 cm-1 1,25 urethane -NH overtone band 6700 cm-1 1,20 1,15 1,10 1,05 7500 7000 6500 6000 5500 5000 4500 Wavenumbers (cm-1)
Slide 44: foaming: effect of PBA amount
foaming effect of PBA amount 0’ 12’ 40’ 2h 30’ 7h 17h sorption time 0%wt 0.7%wt 1.3%wt 2.0%wt 3.7%wt 4.1%wt CO2 % wt density quality of morfology sorption time
Slide 45: without CO2 with CO2
PUFs obtained at 35°C and 0 (left) and 4.0 (right) MPa of CO2. without CO2 with CO2
Slide 46: still far from the insulating performance goal
still far from the insulating performance goal but THAT’S BEAUTIFUL!
Slide 47: @University of Naples
@University of Naples
Slide 48: @University of Naples
@University of Naples Form 830-047-0717 edimaio@unina.it www.foamlab.unina.it