CenterPoint Energy, Inc (Holding Co) · NYSE:CNP

CenterPoint Energy, Inc (Holding Co) — Energy Solutions Center — Technical Presentation (June 2012)

72 slides from CenterPoint Energy, Inc (Holding Co)'s technical presentation, Jun 5, 2012

Slide 1: Gas Air Conditioning Technologies and Opportunities
Gas Air Conditioning Technologies and Opportunities 6/5/12 Presenter: Eric Burgis Director Commercial and Residential Markets Energy Solutions Center
Slide 2: Topics for Today’s Webinar
Topics for Today’s Webinar Air Conditioning Introduction Technologies Economics Environmental Benefits Market Strategies and Opportunities © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 2
Slide 3: Cooling Technology Introduction
Cooling Technology Introduction In a typical office building, lighting, heating, and cooling represent about 65 percent of total use Energy represents about 19 percent of total expenditures for the typical office building 3 © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved Source: E Source
Slide 4: Some Terminology
Some Terminology HVAC – Heating Ventilating and Air Conditioning (System) Ton of Refrigeration – Approximately equal to the cooling effect of 2000 pounds of ice melting in a 24‐hour period The value is defined as 12,000 BTU per hour, or 3517 watts Efficiency for Gas Systems: Coefficient of
Slide 5: Cooling Science
Cooling Science Chemistry provides us that the Modern Gas Law PV=nRT or re‐written T= PV/nR. Temperature = (Pressure X Volume) / nR R is a gas constant and n is related to the refrigerant In short, if the pressure and volume rise, the temperature increases and vice versa. © 2012 Energy Sol
Slide 6: ...simpler explanation
...simpler explanation The pressure and volume inside the can goes down when it is sprayed, therefore the temperature also drops and the can feels cold. The can gets hot if we were to pressurize it. © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 6
Slide 7: Primary Cooling Technologies
Primary Cooling Technologies Vapor Compression – uses a compressor to provide cooling Absorption – uses heat to provide cooling Adsorption – uses the interaction of gases and solids to provide cooling Heat Pumps – uses either a compressor or a heat source to provide heating and cooling © 201
Slide 8: Vapor Compression Cycle
Vapor Compression Cycle Step 1: Refrigerant enters the Cooling Tower compressor in a low pressure, low temperature, gaseous form Step 2: The refrigerant is compressed to Rejected Heat a high pressure and temperature 3 gaseous state Hot Refrigerant Vapor 2 Condenser Simplified Warm Refrigerant Li
Slide 9: Vapor Compression Cycle
Vapor Compression Cycle Step 3: The high pressure and temperature gas Cooling Tower enters the condenser where it changes phase from the high pressure and temperature gas to a high temperature liquid by transferring heat to a Rejected Heat lower temperature medium, usually ambient air 3 Hot Refrig
Slide 10: Vapor Compression Cycle
Vapor Compression Cycle Cooling Tower Step 4: The high temperature liquid then enters the expansion Rejected Heat device allowing a portion of the refrigerant to enter the 3 evaporator Hot Refrigerant Vapor 2 Condenser Simplified Warm Refrigerant Liquid Drive Compressor 4 Spray Engine Cold Refrige
Slide 11: Expansion Devices (Valves)
Expansion Devices (Valves) Controls the amount of refrigerant flow into the evaporator – a metering device Thermal expansion valve Electronic expansion valve © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 11
Slide 12: Cooling System Types
Cooling System Types Vapor Compression (Mechanical Systems) Reciprocating compressor Screw compressor Centrifugal compressor Scroll compressor Absorption (Chemical process) Single effect Double effect © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 12
Slide 13: Compressor Size Ranges
Compressor Size Ranges Scroll <2 RT – 10 RT Reciprocating 20‐200 RT Rotary Screw 60‐350 RT Centrifugal 200 RT + © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 13
Slide 14: Vapor Compression Drive Options
Vapor Compression Drive Options Electric motor Constant speed Variable Speed Drive (VSD) Natural Gas Engine Steam Turbine © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 14
Slide 16: Engine Drives
Engine Drives Engine replaces electric motor in an Engine Driven system Requires very little electricity for operation, ~5KW ancillary electric Offer variable speed capability (just like your automobile) Can run at 20% capacity without loosing efficiency © 2011 Energy Solutions Center Inc. A
Slide 17: Engine Driven Chiller with Heat Recovery Options
Engine Driven Chiller with Heat Recovery Options To Load Exhaust Gas / From Load Heat Recovery Evaporator Expansion Valve Cooling Tower Compressor Condenser Cooling © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 17
Slide 18: Engine Fuel Use and Heat Recovery
Engine Fuel Use and Heat Recovery Radiation (3%) Fuel Input Exhaust Energy Unrecoverable (16%) (100%) Exhaust (15%) Recoverable Jacket Coolant 33% Energy (81%) Shaft Power to Drive Chiller Compressor 33% © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 18
Slide 21: Tecochill Packages
Tecochill Packages TECOCHILL Air‐Cooled Chillers TECOCHILL Water‐Cooled Chillers 25 – 50 Ton packaged units 150 – 400 Ton packaged units Environmentally‐friendly HFC‐404a R‐134a refrigerant refrigerant 800,000 Btu/hr @ 230oF hot water Up to 175,000 Btu/hr @ 160oF hot is available per
Slide 22: Trane Package
Trane Package Trane CentraVac centrifugal chiller package coupled to a Waukeshau Enginator generator package. Each can be individually operated to control energy costs 165‐3,950 tons Lean burn engine technology provides low emissions © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 22
Slide 23: York Package
York Package Millennium® Gas Engine Drive (GED) offers a COP from 1.9 at design conditions and part‐load performance as high as 2.4 GED chiller line available in 350‐2,100 RT Incorporates single‐stage centrifugal compressors on HFC‐134a refrigerant Utilizes Caterpillar natural gas engines ©
Slide 24: Turbine Driven Chillers
Turbine Driven Chillers Utilizes steam to drive refrigeration compressor Excellent use for heating boilers in the summer months Sizes 700 to 2800 Tons 1.8 Coefficient of Performance (COP) York International is the only manufacturer Variable speed capability © 2011 Energy Solutions Center
Slide 25: Absorption Cooling
Absorption Cooling The thermodynamic cycle of an absorption chiller is driven by a heat source – a chemical process rather than a mechanical process. steam, hot water, or combustion as heat source Compared to electrically powered chillers, an absorption chiller has very low electrical power re
Slide 26: Absorption Cooling …cont
Absorption Cooling …cont COP is often 0.6 (single‐effect) to 1.2 (double‐effect) Requires a larger cooling tower than a vapor‐compression chiller (~ 30%‐50% larger) Absorption units excel where low cost, high grade heat or waste heat is readily available Excellent for Co‐Generation © 2012 En
Slide 27: Absorption System Components
Absorption System Components Consists of four major elements Generator Single Stage Absorber Components Condenser Evaporator Absorber Simplified Chemical process in a vacuum that creates high pressure refrigerant and cools without using a mechanical compressor © 2012 Energy Solutions Cente
Slide 28: Adsorption Chillers
Adsorption Chillers Adsorption works with the interaction of gases and solids These systems are less common than Absorption. The Adsorption process is used in Liquid Desiccant systems. © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 28
Slide 29: Absorption Chiller Manufacturers
Absorption Chiller Manufacturers Manufacturer Sizes Special Features Broad USA 5‐2600 Can be waste heat fired from exhaust. Carrier Corporation 100‐680 Used in Capstone “Pure Comfort” unit Cention Corporation 40‐650 Can be waste heat fired from exhaust. Energy Concepts 15‐150 Available as a heat pum
Slide 30: Gas Heat Pumps
Gas Heat Pumps Absorption based systems Hydronic based system Can produce hot water Available for geothermal applications 5 – 25 ton systems Engine‐driven heat pumps Variable speed loading/unloading Scroll compressors for high efficiency 8 to 20 Ton units © 2012 Energy Solutions Ce
Slide 31: What is a Gas Absorption Heat Pump?
What is a Gas Absorption Heat Pump? Small gas fired boiler (traditional combustion) 95,500 BTU/HR input Produces HOT (up to 149oF) or COLD water (down to 37oF) Additional process to use energy from a renewable source (exothermic reaction with a refrigerant) Hydronic product Piped into hy
Slide 32: Achieving >100% Thermal Efficiency
Achieving >100% Thermal Efficiency How 10% is this Heat flue loss possible? 50% Up to 149% Energy from Heat natural source Energy available (ground, water, air) 100% Inlet primary Energy for the combustion 32 © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 35: Efficiency Comparison
Efficiency Comparison Heating Product Maximum Thermal Category Efficiency Non‐Condensing Boilers 88% Condensing Boilers 99% Gas Absorption Heat Pumps 149% © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 35
Slide 36: Capital Investment & Payback
Capital Investment & Payback LIST prices of the Invictus heat pumps range from $8,800 ‐ $9,900 per unit. Can achieve reasonable initial capital investment by designing hybrid systems with boilers, chillers or other technologies. Fulton Heating Solutions, Inc. 36 © 2012 Energy Solutions Center In
Slide 37: Robur Corporation Absorption Heat Pump
Robur Corporation Absorption Heat Pump GAHP Systems Air‐source water‐ammonia absorption heat pumps Up to 140oF hot water available Single phase power requirements Can be linked using single or multiple controllers Re‐Packaged by Fulton Boiler, known as Invictus © 2012 Energy Solutions Ce
Slide 38: Energy Concepts Absortption Heat Pump
Energy Concepts Absortption Heat Pump 15‐300 Tons Absorption Heat Pump Used for Cooling or refrigeration 160oF hot water at 1.5 COP Custom designed for application © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 38
Slide 39: Engine Driven Heat pumps
Engine Driven Heat pumps Similar to electric heat pumps. Electric motor replaced with a natural gas driven engine. Excellent part load efficiencies Multiple zone capable Heating efficiency COP = 1.6 39 39 © 2011 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 40: Multi‐Zone GHP Overview
Multi‐Zone GHP Overview Features Application Benefit 8‐ton & 15‐ton Commercial buildings Highly efficient in both heating and cooling modes R‐410A Custom & semi‐custom residential All‐in‐one heating and cooling Multi‐zones (up to 33 unit zones) New or retrofit construction Multi‐zone feature provide
Slide 41: Packaged GHP Overview
Packaged GHP Overview Features Application Benefits ¾11‐ton ¾Commercial ¾Avoid high demand and time‐of‐use electric charges ¾R‐410A ¾Retrofit ¾Highly efficient in both ¾Rooftop package ¾New construction heating and cooling modes ¾Built in the U.S. ¾Mounted on rooftop curb, ¾Captures and utilizes was
Slide 42: IntelliChoice Energy Engine Driven Heat Pump
IntelliChoice Energy Engine Driven Heat Pump 8, 10 & 15 Ton units available Zoning capabilities 17 zone capability on 8 RT unit Ducted or ductless air handlers available Air‐cooled condensing in packaged unit COP 1.4 for Cooling and 1.6 for heating © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All
Slide 44: Hybrid Chiller Applications
Hybrid Chiller Applications Incorporate electric & gas chillers into a combined chiller plant Install both unit types into system 50% electric/50% gas capacities Base load chiller based on utility costs or time of day Ideal for facilities that have minimal electrical service © 2012 Energy
Slide 45: Utilize a Life Cycle Cost Analysis
Utilize a Life Cycle Cost Analysis A detailed Cost Analysis is essential for evaluating any Cooling project at a facility. Using the real energy costs associated with the cooling technology is critical. © 2011 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 45 45
Slide 46: Sample Payback Analysis Tools
Sample Payback Analysis Tools Provide comparison of technologies Natural Gas vs. Electric Air Conditioning © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 46
Slide 48: Life Cycle Cost of Ownership
Life Cycle Cost of Ownership Life Cycle Costs consider the full costs of ownership over the life of the equipment including fuel, inflation costs, maintenance costs, and capital costs $1.9M $1.3M without $2M heat recovery & $1.7M $1.2M with Electric Chiller recovery Gas Absorber $1M Gas Engine Size:
Slide 49: Environmental Benefits
Environmental Benefits •No CFC’s or HCFC’s in Absorption Cooling •Potential for Reduced Carbon Footprint with Gas Cooling © 2011 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 49
Slide 50: Emissions
Emissions Emissions for various cooling technologies need to be considered CO2 emissions need to be evaluated on a site vs. source basis In General…. Emissions are lower for Engine Driven chillers and Steam Turbine Chillers than electric Chillers Emissions may or may not be lower for absor
Slide 51: Emissions Calculator for Engine Driven and Steam Turbine Chillers
Emissions Calculator for Engine Driven and Steam Turbine Chillers www.gasairconditioning.com © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved 51
Slide 52: Gas Engine Chiller CO2 Reduction Benefits
Gas Engine Chiller CO2 Reduction Benefits Annual CO2 Outputs - 400 Ton Chiller Alternatives Peak Demand (kW) CO2 (tons/yr) Conventional Electric Chiller Coal Central Station 272 770 Gas Central Station (advanced GT) 272 320 High Efficiency Electric Chiller Coal Central Station 220 614 Gas Central St
Slide 54: Typical Gas & Electric Demand Profile
Typical Gas & Electric Demand Profile Gas cooling reduces peak electric demand which reduces billed demand © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 55: T & D Constraints continue to increase
T & D Constraints continue to increase 9,000 MW > 7,000 MW < 8,000 MW Generation: Transmission Load: (Growing) (Growing) & Distribution: (?????) Gas Air Conditioning can reduce demand © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 56: Average Gas vs. Electric Pricing
Average Gas vs. Electric Pricing Average Commercial Retail Energy Rates $45.00 $40.00 $35.00 $30.00 Electric $/MMBTU $25.00 $20.00 Natural Gas $15.00 $10.00 $5.00 $‐ Year 1997 1998 1999 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 *EIA data as of September 2011, uses 1032 BTU/CF Natural Gas and
Slide 58: Total Cost of Electric Chiller Ownership
Total Cost of Electric Chiller Ownership First Costs Price Energy Costs Burden on Electrical System Hidden Costs (Future Costs) © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 61: Firehouse, TX
Firehouse, TX Engine driven heat pump Fire Station # 13, May 2011 (LEED Silver), Plano, TX Plan to compare to “sister” Fire Station # 12 (electric VRV heat pump) © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 62: Healthcare – Cedars Sinai, CA
Healthcare – Cedars Sinai, CA •Two 1,500‐ton double‐ effect, steam‐fired absorption chillers • One 1,500‐ton electric chiller •Three gas‐fired steam boilers © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 63: University Medical Center, IL
University Medical Center, IL •Two absorption chillers, 4,600 tons absorption cooling •Part of Co‐gen plant •Supplies electric power and steam to 32‐building campus © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 64: Office Building – One Parkway, PA
Office Building – One Parkway, PA •Two 400‐ton natural gas engine‐driven chillers •Hybrid cooling system for peak Shaving •Free heating for domestic hot water © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 65: Hybrid Installation, MA
Hybrid Installation, MA •350 Tone Engine Driven Chiller •United States Military Building •Military Entrance Processing Station © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 66: Air Cooled Engine Driven Units, NY
Air Cooled Engine Driven Units, NY •5 x 50 Ton Engine Driven Chillers •Air‐Cooled Roof Top Chillers •Jamaica, NY Hospital © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 68: Industrial – Poultry Processor
Industrial – Poultry Processor Custom built Heat Pump 100 tons chilling and 3.2 MBH heat pumped hot water from 2 MBH steam. Saves 30% of water heating and 80% of chilling energy. 40ºF chill water and 136ºF hot water. © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved
Slide 70: Office Building – Heat Pump, NV
Office Building – Heat Pump, NV •113 Tons of Engine driven heat pumps •7, 15 Ton units •1, 8 Ton unit •42 Indoor air handlers © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved

Energy Solutions Center — Technical Presentation (June 2012) on 6ix

CenterPoint Energy, Inc (Holding Co) — Energy Solutions Center — Technical Presentation (June 2012)

Slide 1: Gas Air Conditioning Technologies and Opportunities

Slide 2: Topics for Today’s Webinar

Slide 3: Cooling Technology Introduction

Slide 4: Some Terminology

Slide 5: Cooling Science

Slide 6: ...simpler explanation

Slide 7: Primary Cooling Technologies

Slide 8: Vapor Compression Cycle

Slide 9: Vapor Compression Cycle

Slide 10: Vapor Compression Cycle

Slide 11: Expansion Devices (Valves)

Slide 12: Cooling System Types

Slide 13: Compressor Size Ranges

Slide 14: Vapor Compression Drive Options

Slide 15: Technologies

Slide 16: Engine Drives

Slide 17: Engine Driven Chiller with Heat Recovery Options

Slide 18: Engine Fuel Use and Heat Recovery

Slide 19: Engine Chiller Manufacturers

Slide 20: Alturdyne

Slide 21: Tecochill Packages

Slide 22: Trane Package

Slide 23: York Package

Slide 24: Turbine Driven Chillers

Slide 25: Absorption Cooling

Slide 26: Absorption Cooling …cont

Slide 27: Absorption System Components

Slide 28: Adsorption Chillers

Slide 29: Absorption Chiller Manufacturers

Slide 30: Gas Heat Pumps

Slide 31: What is a Gas Absorption Heat Pump?

Slide 32: Achieving >100% Thermal Efficiency

Slide 33: Air Source

Slide 34: Ground or Water Source

Slide 35: Efficiency Comparison

Slide 36: Capital Investment & Payback

Slide 37: Robur Corporation Absorption Heat Pump

Slide 38: Energy Concepts Absortption Heat Pump

Slide 39: Engine Driven Heat pumps

Slide 40: Multi‐Zone GHP Overview

Slide 41: Packaged GHP Overview

Slide 42: IntelliChoice Energy Engine Driven Heat Pump

Slide 43: Coming soon

Slide 44: Hybrid Chiller Applications

Slide 45: Utilize a Life Cycle Cost Analysis

Slide 46: Sample Payback Analysis Tools

Slide 47: © 2012 Energy Solutions Center Inc. All Rights Reserved

Slide 48: Life Cycle Cost of Ownership

Slide 49: Environmental Benefits

Slide 50: Emissions

Slide 51: Emissions Calculator for Engine Driven and Steam Turbine Chillers

Slide 52: Gas Engine Chiller CO2 Reduction Benefits

Slide 53: Market Strategies & Opportunities

Slide 54: Typical Gas & Electric Demand Profile

Slide 55: T & D Constraints continue to increase

Slide 56: Average Gas vs. Electric Pricing

Slide 57: Why is Owning an Electric Chiller Like an Iceberg?

Slide 58: Total Cost of Electric Chiller Ownership

Slide 59: Applications

Slide 60: Case Studies

Slide 61: Firehouse, TX

Slide 62: Healthcare – Cedars Sinai, CA

Slide 63: University Medical Center, IL

Slide 64: Office Building – One Parkway, PA

Slide 65: Hybrid Installation, MA

Slide 66: Air Cooled Engine Driven Units, NY

Slide 67: Industrial – Ghirardelli, CA

Slide 68: Industrial – Poultry Processor

Slide 69: Break down & Field Reassembly

Slide 70: Office Building – Heat Pump, NV

Slide 71: Additional Resources

Slide 72: Questions