Slide 1: Breaking the wireless barriers to mobilize 5G NR mmWave
January 2019 @qualcomm_tech Breaking the wireless barriers to mobilize 5G NR mmWave
Slide 2: A unifying connectivity fabric for future innovations
A unifying connectivity fabric for future innovations Like electricity, you will Scalable to extreme simplicity just expect it everywhere Ultra-low latency Virtually Extreme unlimited reliability capacity On-device intelligence 2
Slide 3: Driving the 5G roadmap and ecosystem expansion
Driving the 5G roadmap and ecosystem expansion Rel-15 Rel-16 Rel -17+ evolution Standalone (SA) Non-Standalone (NSA) Rel -15 Rel -16 Rel -17+ NR Commercialization Commercialization IoDTs Field trials eMBB deployments in both New 5G NR technologies to evolve mmWave and sub-6 GHz. and expand the 5G ec
Slide 4: 5G will address the insatiable demand for mobile broadband
5G will address the insatiable demand for mobile broadband Over 60x growth in mobile data traffic from 2013 to 2024 ~136B Gigabytes Monthly global mobile data traffic in 2024 In 2024, ~75% of mobile data traffic from multi-media creation & consumption In 2024, 25% of mobile data traffic will be carr
Slide 5: New frontier of mobile broadband — mobilizing mmWave
New frontier of mobile broadband — mobilizing mmWave Vast amount of bandwidth that is ~25x more than what’s being used for 3G/4G today Sub-6 GHz Millimeter wave (mmWave) (e.g., 3.5 GHz) (e.g., 24.25-27.5 GHz, 27.5-29.5 GHz) 6 GHz 24 GHz 100 GHz Multi-Gbps data rates Much more capacity Lower latency
Slide 6: 5G NR mmWave will support new and enhanced mobile experiences
Rich media and entertainment for outdoor — augmenting lower bands More indoor capacity as outdoor mmWave offloads outdoor lower bands 5G NR mmWave will support new and enhanced mobile experiences Massive bandwidth for Virtually lag-less experiences Dense indoor & outdoor • Fiber-like data speeds clo
Slide 7: Many milestones to mobilize 5G NR mmWave
Many milestones to mobilize 5G NR mmWave 1990+ October 2016 March 2017 September 2017 December 2017 July 2018 October 2018 1H19 Led way forward on Many years of foundational Introduced world’s first accelerated 5G NR eMBB Showcased 5G NR mmWave Achieved world’s first 5G NR Launched the world’s Intro
Slide 8: Global mmWave spectrum status
Global mmWave spectrum status 5G NR mmWave spectrum highlights 24-28GHz 37-40GHz 64-71GHz 37-37.6GHz Regions targeting 2019 deployments 24.25-24.45GHz 24.75-25.25GHz 37.6-40GHz 64-71GHz 27.5-28.35GHz 47.2-48.2GHz Allocated 12.55 GHz of mmWave spectrum so far 26.5-27.5GHz 37-37.6GHz Auction started i
Slide 9: Snapdragon X50 5G NR modem family
Multi-Gigabit over mmWave on 5G NR Interoperability and field trials Providing Qualcomm® Reference Design working Snapdragon X50 silicon using form factor mobile test device to accelerate commercial devices 1.24 4.51 First 5G NR First 5G NR More than 30 mmWave Sub 6 GHz commercial 5G over-the-air ov
Slide 10: Global operators and OEMs using Snapdragon X50
Global operators and OEMs using Snapdragon X50 Vodafone Group 5G NR modem family for mobile 5G NR trials and devices 10
Slide 11: Qualcomm QTM052 5G mmWave antenna module
Qualcomm QTM052 ® 5G mmWave antenna module Rapid miniaturization of mmWave modules to bring 5G smartphones to the World in 2019 July 2018 October 2018 Qualcomm 5G NR reference design (partially assembled state) Qualcomm QTM052 is a product of Qualcomm Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries. Qual
Slide 12: Breaking the wireless barriers to mobilize 5G NR mmWave
Breaking the wireless barriers to mobilize 5G NR mmWave Standardized in 3GPP Rel-15 12
Slide 13: We are overcoming the mobile mmWave challenge
We are overcoming the mobile mmWave challenge Proving the skeptics wrong about mmWave can never be used for mobile Limited coverage and too costly Significant coverage with co-siting Significant path loss means coverage limited to just a Analog beamforming w/ narrow beam width to overcome path few h
Slide 14: A system approach to the mobile mmWave challenge
A system approach to the mobile mmWave challenge 1 2 3 4 5 Cutting-edge Prototyping while Advanced network and Broad interoperability Cutting-edge modem R&D driving standards system simulations testing and trials and RFFE solutions Overcoming numerous Validating mobile 5G Accurately predicting Fully
Slide 15: Mobilizing mmWave with 5G NR technologies
Mobilizing mmWave with 5G NR technologies Deploying a dense mmWave network with spatial reuse — ~150 – 200m ISD Device antenna diversity and dual connectivity Directional antennas with adaptable 3D beamforming and beam tracking Multipath signal propagation with reflections Tight integration with sub
Slide 16: Addressing mobility challenges with multi-beam techniques
Addressing mobility challenges with multi-beam techniques Improves coverage, robustness, and non-line of sight operations Scan angle Equiphase front Beam Switches between candidate beams switching to adapt to changing environment Beam Changes direction of uplink beams to Phase shifters / match the t
Slide 17: Channel response from omni-directional antennas
Channel response from omni-directional antennas (Example measurement) Operating at sub-6 GHz Operating above 24 GHz Reflection from lamppost 7x10-5 7x10-5 6 6 Main Path Reflection from 115 ns a light pole Received Signal (V) Received Signal (V) Transmitter 5 5 4 4 LOS Direction Receiver 3 2.9 GHz 3
Slide 18: Leveraging path diversity to overcome blockage
Leveraging path diversity to overcome blockage Based on our spherical scan measurements Indoor office Outdoor Diversity in elevation Diversity in elevation Numerous resolvable Reflections from tall buildings paths in elevation 30⁰ result in wide elevation spread Diversity in Azimuth Diversity in Azi
Slide 19: Showcasing robust mobile communication in real-world OTA testing
Handheld and in-vehicle UEs with hand-blocking Multiple gNodeBs with seamless handovers Indoor mobility with wall penetration and dynamic blocking Utilizing adaptive beamforming and beam tracking techniques Outdoor vehicular mobility with handovers Showcasing robust mobile communication in real-worl
Slide 20: Significant 5G NR mmWave outdoor coverage via co-siting
26 / 28 GHz 39 GHz Downlink 75% 76% 72% 69% Uplink 64% 62% 62% 65% 57% Coverage % 46% 52% 53% 52% 40% 41% 41% Co-siting with LTE 33% 30% Median Downlink 2.2 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.4 Gbps 2.7 Gbps 2.0 Gbps 2.2 Gbps 1.5 Gbps 1.2 Gbps Burst Rate (Gbps) US City 1 US City 2 Korean City 1 Hong Kong Japa
Slide 21: Solving RF complexities in 5G NR mmWave smartphones
Solving RF complexities in 5G NR mmWave smartphones 21
Slide 22: mmWave RF complexities in designing 5G handsets
mmWave RF complexities in designing 5G handsets Link budget Stringent size Achieve target radiated power with high bandwidths at mmWave constraints Achieve high antenna efficiency and frequencies multi-band support in challenging smartphone form factors Power consumption Thermal performance Support
Slide 23: Achieving required transmit power for mobile mmWave
Achieving required transmit power for mobile mmWave Required transmit power (EIRP1) Single Beamforming and directional polarization architectures allow more gain Beamforming gain # of antennas in array determines max EIRP Power combining Element λ/4 λ=10.5 mm at 28 GHz Physics dictates antenna gain
Slide 24: UE antenna module design for coverage
UE antenna Hand blockage region module design for coverage Single antenna module 36% spherical coverage 18% spherical coverage Hand Design objectives blockage region Hand blockage • Uniform performance independent of UE orientation Three antenna • Mitigate impact of modules 78% spherical coverage 60
Slide 25: UE antenna module design for coverage
UE antenna M2 M3 M1 M2 M3 module design M3 M1 for coverage Antenna modules and respective coverage regions mmWave Three-antenna configuration Single module provides more robust 3 modules spherical coverage than single antenna Significantly improved spherical coverage with 3 antenna modules Source: Q
Slide 26: Number of antenna modules impact user experience and network performance
Number of antenna modules impact user experience and network performance Downlink cell-edge user experience Downlink system capacity 10 100% 9 Downlink Spectral Efficiency vs Pathloss 90% Downlink Spectral Efficiency CDF 8 80% 3 modules 1 module Spectral efficiency (bps/Hz) 7 70% 6 3 modules 60% 1 m
Slide 27: Addressing mmWave thermal design challenges
Addressing mmWave thermal design challenges Stringent thermal constraints Thermal mitigation techniques • 4 Watt thermal power envelope limit resolve local hot spots • Mitigate local hot spots for uniform surface temperature mmWave antenna • mmWave small fraction of power consumption, module but con
Slide 28: Modem-to-antenna 5G mmWave solution
Modem-to-antenna 5G mmWave solution Qualcomm® SDR051 Integrated Circuit Support for multiple 5G mmWave antenna modules and antenna module & Antenna antenna switching transceiver chip modules Intermediate mm Wave Frequency Digital Trans- Power Low Switches ceiver Amps Noise Baseband Amps Snapdragon X
Slide 29: Flexible RFIC architecture allows optimizing antenna topology
Flexible RFIC architecture allows optimizing antenna topology for mmWave handset design One RFIC architecture to support several possible antenna designs • Advanced Tx/Rx antenna switching • Sub-array polarization and switching Qualcomm • Low power consumption Example configuration for SDR051 illust
Slide 30: 5G NR mmWave technology evolution
5G NR mmWave technology evolution Coming to 3GPP Rel-16 and beyond 30
Slide 31: Evolving 5G NR mmWave beyond 3GPP Rel-15
Evolving 5G NR mmWave beyond 3GPP Rel-15 Bringing new capabilities, efficiencies, spectrums, and deployment opportunities Integrated access and backhaul (IAB) Enhanced beam management Enabling flexible deployment of 5G NR mmWave Improving latency, robustness and performance small cells reusing spect
Slide 32: 5G NR mmWave IAB for cost-efficient dense deployments
5G NR mmWave IAB1 for cost-efficient dense deployments Improves coverage and capacity, while limiting backhaul cost Sub-6 GHz gNodeB Multi-hop capability Redundant links mmWave backhaul mmWave access For SA and NSA 5G NR For mobile and fixed modes wireless access Fiber backhaul 1 Integrated Access a
Slide 33: Supporting a flexible network deployment strategy
Supporting a flexible network deployment strategy IAB can enable rapid and cost-efficient 5G NR mmWave network buildout IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB IAB Fiber Fiber IAB Fiber backhaul backhaul backhaul Early 5G NR mmWave Widening 5G NR mmWave Supporting rapid traffic deplo
Slide 34: Dynamic topology adaptation for better efficiency/reliability
Dynamic topology adaptation for better efficiency/reliability gNodeB with lighter access load can allocate more radio resources to backhaul Fiber backhaul gNodeB with higher access load allocate less radio resources to backhaul Fiber backhaul Fully flexible resource allocation Different access-backh
Slide 35: 5G NR Integrated Access & Backhaul
Number of fiber drops needed 18 18 18 5G NR Integrated Access & Backhaul 10 Supports more flexible deployments 9 and reduces network cost 8 6 5 5 4 Fewer fiber drop points needed compared to fixed backhaul for a given traffic demand 2 2 Dynamically adjusts to changes in fiber drop locations and numb
Slide 36: Further enhancing mmWave beam management
Improved reliability Higher performance • Supporting multi-beam repetitions • Multiple antenna panels support to improve throughput and diversity • More robust beam failure recovery schemes1 for both UL and DL • UL/DL beam selection decoupled for optimal performance in both directions2 1 Including p
Slide 37: Further improving power efficiencies for 5G NR mmWave
Sub-6 GHz mmWave Device assisted Efficient carrier power savings aggregation operation Device provides additional information Reduce number of blind decoding (e.g., battery level & temperature) for to optimize power consumption network to select carrier or power mode1 Further improving power efficie
Slide 38: Making 5G NR mmWave a commercial reality in 2019
Making 5G NR mmWave a commercial reality in 2019 Industry-leading Interoperable End-to-end Network Interoperability Qualcomm Commercial 5G R&D global system and system testing and Snapdragon NR mmWave standards prototypes simulations field trials X50 5G modem networks & QTM052 RFFE and products 38
Slide 39: Thank you!
Thank you! Follow us on: For more information, visit us at: www.qualcomm.com & www.qualcomm.com/blog Nothing in these materials is an offer to sell any of the References in this presentation to “Qualcomm” may mean Qualcomm components or devices referenced herein. Incorporated, Qualcomm Technologies,