Xcel Energy Inc. · NASDAQ:XEL
Xcel Energy — InterPhases Solar — Technical Presentation (2009)
12 slides from Xcel Energy's technical presentation, Dec 31, 2009
Slide 1: Flexible Solar Cell for Cost-effective Electricity Generation
Flexible Solar Cell for Cost-effective Electricity Generation Project Goal Project Scope and R&D Significance of Results Project Benefits Shalini Menezes, PhD smenezes@interphases.com 741 Lakeview Rd. Ste E Westlake Village, CA 91361 • 1 805 497 2677 • www.interphases.com
Slide 2: Primary Objectives and Technical Goal
Primary Objectives Reduce solar cell manufacturing cost / Watt Provide Xcel ratepayer with a viable path to affordable PV electricity Increase Renewable Energy market penetration Technical Goal Develop a PV technology that leads to: Early grid parity Lightweight, efficient, stable solar cells Cheape
Slide 3: Current PV Problems and InterPhases Solution
Current PV Problems InterPhases Solution PV electricity costs at 30¢/kWh PV electricity costs below 10¢/kWh Need subsidies to compete with No subsidies needed ~10¢/kWh grid electricity Si, CdTe, CIGS CIS (copper indium selenide) High cost Low cost Fragile, rigid, heavy Flexible, lightweight, robust
Slide 4: Novel PV device, optimum CIS absorber, inexpensive process
1. Novel PV device - configured for simpler mass production 2. Optimum CIS absorber - to assure high PV performance window buffer absorber Foil substrate 3. Inexpensive process - for drastic reduction of PV electricity cost
Slide 5: CIS PV performance in cold, cloudy weather
Solar radiation energy (kW-hours/year) Concerns for PV performance MN Cold, cloudy weather Temperature variations Low angle winter sun CISPV Solution Excellent performance even in low light (clouds, shade) Most stable technology even under aggressive radiation World’s largest PV market (Germany) rec
Slide 6: Process to produce CIS absorber with solar matched bandgap
Process to produce CIS absorber with solar matched bandgap, uniform composition, and ordered, well crystallized chalcopyrite structure New viable solar cell configuration with compatible, non-toxic cell components & coating processes for easier mass production Technology manufacturability facilitate
Slide 7: Non-vacuum fabrication
0.5in2 24in2 The simple process to deposit high quality CIS film can be reproduced on ~50 times larger area Non-vacuum fabrication: 90% cheaper atmospheric deposition Inexpensive capital equipment Environmentally safer 99% material utilization Low energy, minimum waste
Slide 8: Easy manufacturability and safer fabrication
! ! ! " Easy manufacturability Simpler scale-up for mass production Excellent process control for reproducible deposition Uniform composition, thickness across large areas Amenable to reel-to-reel high-volume manufacturing System replication for fast scale-up to GW manufacturing Foil PV roll step 1
Slide 9: Results enable lightweight CISPV foil
! #$ Results enable CIS deposition on rigid & flexible substrates Scalable, conformal coating of non-planar surfaces Reliability in adverse environment Lightweight CISPV foil suitable for Direct integration in consumer products PV modules of variable shape, size or watts On & off-grid and power plan
Slide 10: Forecast 2010 module cost comparison
High cost of current PV will require subsidies to compete $5/W with fossils even in 2010 >40% Subsidy $4/W 2007 Module Price Primary driver for CIS technology Very low manufacturing cost of <$0.50/W Forecast 2010 Cost, $/watt PV electricity price below 10¢/kWh Competes with grid electricity price $1
Slide 11: Project validates new flexible solar cell configuration
% Project validates New flexible solar cell configuration Non-vacuum, large-area manufacturing Many scientific advances provide Strong foundation for pilot development Optimum path to achieve grid parity CIS based PV offers enormous potential for Real cost breakthrough Robust reliable performance Hi
Slide 12: Benefits of CISPV generation in Xcel Energy service territory
% & # CISPV electricity generation in Xcel Energy service territory will Increase peak time availability of electricity even in cold, cloudy weather Reduce fossil fuel consumption Reduce CO2 emissions Provide jobs in manufacturing, distribution & installation Conserve natural resources through envir