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Eurofins Scientific — Technical Presentation (June 2005)

81 slides from Eurofins Scientific's technical presentation, Jun 14, 2005

  1. Slide 1: Eurofins Product Emission Testing

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Eurofins Product Emission Testing Volatile Organics VOC Formaldehyde and more www.eurofins.com/product-testing Reinhard Oppl 14 June 2005 Oppl 1

  2. Slide 2: Emissions Testing

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Testing „ Emissions may be tested for „ Compliance with legislative requirements „ Application for voluntary labels (like EMICODE) „ Compliance with customer requirements (clean rooms, car and aircraft industry) „ Internal purposes 14 June 2005 Oppl 2

  3. Slide 3: Testing Techniques

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Testing Techniques „ Emission Test Chamber „ Easier testing methods „ Extraction, Headspace, Thermal extraction „ Correlation with emission process ? „ Reference method and day-by-day fast tests „ Emissions process is the same – the translation into a testing me

  4. Slide 4: International business: various quality requirements

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions International business — Various quality requirements — Many different emissions requirements 14 June 2005 Oppl 4

  5. Slide 5: Different testing procedures world-wide

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Different testing procedures world-wide, although the process of emissions is the same everywhere 14 June 2005 Oppl 5

  6. Slide 6: What is the present status?

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions What is the present status ? — How can we handle these requirements in the most economic manner ? 14 June 2005 Oppl 6

  7. Slide 7: Three approaches

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Approach 1: Combine tests for different countries — Approach 2: Simplify testing procedures — Approach 3: Avoid false testing 14 June 2005 Oppl 7

  8. Slide 8: Emissions Testing World-Wide

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Testing World-Wide Multitude of testing protocols and methods „ International Standards „ ISO, EN, ASTM, JIS „ Europe „ USA „ Pacific Region „ Japan 14 June 2005 Oppl 8

  9. Slide 9: Testing Techniques

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Testing Techniques „ Emissions process is the same everywhere – the translation into a testing method is different „ Emission test chamber: Simulation of use „ Easier testing methods „ Extraction, Headspace, Thermal extraction „ Correlation with emission process

  10. Slide 10: Emissions Testing: How it works

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Testing How it works 14 June 2005 Oppl 10

  11. Slide 11: Take a sample

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Take a sample Photo: Jan Boon, forbo linoleum 14 June 2005 Oppl 11

  12. Slide 12: Wrap the sample in aluminium foil

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Wrap the sample in Aluminium foil Photo: Jan Boon, forbo linoleum 14 June 2005 Oppl 12

  13. Slide 13: Wrap the sample in polyethylene foil

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Wrap the sample in polyethylene foil Photo: Jan Boon, forbo linoleum 14 June 2005 Oppl 13

  14. Slide 14: Send the airtight package to the laboratory

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Send the airtight package to the testing laboratory Photo: Jan Boon, forbo linoleum 14 June 2005 Oppl 14

  15. Slide 15: Cut the test specimen out of the sample roll

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Cut the test specimen out of the sample roll Photo: Jan Boon, forbo linoleum 14 June 2005 Oppl 15

  16. Slide 16: Mount the specimen on an inert support

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Mount the specimen on an inert support, seal the edges with aluminium tape or with a frame Photo: Jan Boon, forbo linoleum 14 June 2005 Oppl 16

  17. Slide 17: Application of adhesive

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Application of adhesive Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 17

  18. Slide 18: Drawing of adhesive with a notched trowel

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Drawing of adhesive with a notched trowel Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 18

  19. Slide 19: Drawing of adhesive with a notched trowel

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Drawing of adhesive with a notched trowel Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 19

  20. Slide 20: Application of paint

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Application of paint Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 20

  21. Slide 21: Insertion of test specimen into test chamber

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Insertion of test specimen into test chamber Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 21

  22. Slide 22: Test chamber with samples and test specimen

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Test chamber with samples and test specimen Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 22

  23. Slide 23: Test chambers

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Test chambers Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 23

  24. Slide 24: Air flow control for test chambers

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Air flow control for test chambers Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 24

  25. Slide 25: Monitoring of flow, temperature and humidity

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Monitoring of flow, temperature and humidity in test chambers Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 25

  26. Slide 26: ADPAC test chamber and seal box

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions ADPAC test chamber and seal box JIS A 1901 KS M 0000-2 14 June 2005 Oppl 26

  27. Slide 27: FLEC Field and Laboratory Emissions cell

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions FLEC Field and Laboratory Materials Emissions cell EN 13419 - 3 14 June 2005 Oppl 27

  28. Slide 28: Air sampling Tenax TA tubes in series

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Air sampling 2 Tenax TA tubes in series Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 28

  29. Slide 29: Air sampling active charcoal tube

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Air sampling Active charcoal tube Photo: Eurofins Danmark 14 June 2005 Oppl 29

  30. Slide 30: Then follows chemical analysis

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions „ Then follows chemical analysis, e.g. „ VOC, Aldehydes, Ammonia, and more 14 June 2005 Oppl 30

  31. Slide 31: Emissions Labels – I

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Labels – I Scandinavia „ M1 (Finland) VOC, Formaldehyde, Ammonia, Odour after 28 days „ Indoor Climate Label (Denmark and Norway) VOC after 3+10+28 days, Odour after 28 days „ Nordic Swan (whole Scandinavia) Adhesives: VOC after 28 days 14 June 2005 Op

  32. Slide 32: Emissions Labels – II

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Labels – II German speaking countries „ AgBB / DIBT, Germany: Approval system VOC after 3 days + VOC + NIK + SVOC +Formaldehyde after 28 days „ Blue Angel, Germany – like DIBt „ Austrian Umweltzeichen – similar to DIBt „ GuT (carpets, Germany) – simila

  33. Slide 33: Emissions Labels – III

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Labels – III Europe „ EU Flower – none „ CESAT – Avis Technique (France) – similar to DIBt „ Portugal – similar to DIBt „ Other systems under development ??? „ CertiPUR – industry label for PUR foam 14 June 2005 Oppl 33

  34. Slide 34: Emissions Labels – IV

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Labels – IV USA „ Green Label of CRI (carpets, adhesives, USA) VOC + Aldehydes several times in 1st week „ CHPS (California, USA) VOC + Aldehydes three times within 2nd week „ Greenguard (USA) VOC + Aldehydes several times in 1st week 14 June 2005 Oppl

  35. Slide 35: Emissions Labels – V

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emissions Labels – V Far East „ Green Council (Hong Kong, China) VOC + Formaldehyde after 28 days „ Regulations in Japan Formaldehyde several times within 28 days, at 28 °C in special chamber „ Regulations in Korea VOC + Formaldehyde after 4 days, at 25 °C in sp

  36. Slide 36: Europe – I

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Europe – I Different players, controversial debate „ European Union - Construction Products Directive CPD „ Essential Requirement ER 3 - Hygiene and Health „ AgBB, DIBT, CSTB as national interpretation Approval systems – CE marking ? „ CEN Construction Sector Ne

  37. Slide 37: Europe – II

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Europe – II CE Marking as alternative to approval systems „ prEN 14041 and prEN 15052 for specific requirements (Floor coverings) – similar to DIBt but a bit simplified „ Similar project in discussion for wooden floorings Made already earlier: „ ENV 13999 (Adhes

  38. Slide 38: Europe – III

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Europe – III Voluntary Quality Labels for Low Emissions „ Tendency towards harmonisation of testing schedule and testing technique (EN 13419 / ISO 16000) „ NIK / LCI approach will be used (OEL / 100 or 1000) „ R value (Σ (conc(i) / LCI (i)) ) „ European project

  39. Slide 39: Testing Standards

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions CEN ISO ASTM JIS Testing Standards „ EN 13419 Parts 1 (chamber), 2 (FLEC), 3 (Preparation of test specimen), 4 (VOC; TVOC) will be published also as ISO 16000-9, -10 and -11 „ ISO 16000-6 (VOC; TVOC) and -3 (Aldehydes) Basic Standards: „ ISO 16017 (Frame standar

  40. Slide 40: Testing schedules

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Testing schedules Europe: Testing shall simulate use patterns „ After 1 day: Toxic (C), Identification „ After 3 days: Renovation, fast re-occupation „ After 28 days: Long-term emissions America „ Long-term emissions are estimated from tests after e.g. 1, 2, 3,

  41. Slide 41: Chamber Parameters

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Chamber Parameters „ Chamber size: 20 litres – 1000 litres and more „ FLEC cell: very small, higher air flow „ Temperature (23 °C / but Japan: 28 °C, Korea: 25 °C) „ Relative Humidity (50 %) „ Air exchange / Loading = Area Specific Flow Rate „ For flooring and a

  42. Slide 42: Organic Compounds VOC, SVOC

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Organic Compounds VOC, SVOC „ Conventional method (ISO 16000-6) (not optimised for some of the measured compounds) „ Adsorption / desorption: Tenax TA / thermal desorption „ Upper / lower limit of VOC definition varies: 50 °C / 260 °C (old version), or n-C6 / n-

  43. Slide 43: VOC, SVOC - II

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions VOC, SVOC - II „ TVOC: Toluene equivalent or Sum of identified compounds „ Single substances: Required reporting limit may vary (2 / 5 / 20 µg/m³) „ Formaldehyde, other volatile aldehydes: Very volatile aldehydes, but many of these are not included because they

  44. Slide 44: Special Compounds

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Special Compounds „ Carcinogenic / Mutagenic / Teratogenic VOC „ According to IARC / EU / German TRGS list as far as can be monitored by ISO 16000 test (Tenax TA / thermal desorption) „ Categories 1, 2, and / or 3 „ 1 or 10 µg/m³ as most common reporting limits

  45. Slide 45: German AgBB Scheme - I

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions German AgBB Scheme - I „ Task for health related assessment of building products „ Basic concept, voluntary „ Yearly update of NIK list (LCI) „ Compulsory only after adoption by DIBt „ Floor coverings for rooms for long-term stay „ More products planned „ Volunt

  46. Slide 46: German AgBB Scheme - II

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions German AgBB Scheme - II „ After 3 days: TVOC, carcinogenic VOC „ After 28 days "Health related assessment": „ TVOC, aldehydes „ Carcinogenic VOC „ NIK / R, without NIK „ TSVOC „ Odour 14 June 2005 Oppl 46

  47. Slide 47: German AgBB Discussion

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions German AgBB Discussion „ Stop of test earlier than after 28 days (3, 7, 10 days)? „ Reliability of tests? „ Limit for assessment of single VOC (2 or 5 µg/m³)? „ Handling of non identified compounds? „ Assignment of compounds to VOC, VVOC, SVOC? „ List of measura

  48. Slide 48: German DIBt Procedures

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions German DIBt Procedures „ Take contact to DIBt „ Hand over receipt „ Inflammability test „ 28 days emission chamber test „ Application, authorisation „ Contract with "PÜZ-Stelle", external surveyor „ Control test after PÜZ taking samples on-site „ Today: 3 days c

  49. Slide 49: Reporting – I

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Reporting – I „ TVOC, TSVOC „ Specified list with single VOC or with groups of VOC „ LCI, NIK, C-REL (derived from OEL by division with 100 or 1000) „ R value (Σ (conc(i) / LCI (i)) ) „ Non-LCI „ Non-identified compounds Sometimes restriction of non-ID (in %) is

  50. Slide 50: Reporting – II

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Reporting – II „ Concentration, or Emission rate, or Calculated emission „ µg / m³ in test chamber, or „ µg / (m² x h) from material, or „ µg / m³ in a model room „ Emission Class „ Time when compliance was reached 14 June 2005 Oppl 50

  51. Slide 51: Odour

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Odour „ Static, from desiccator (GuT, UZ 07, Natureplus) „ Dynamic, from CLIMPAC chamber (M1, DICL) Acceptance, Intensity „ Dynamic, European Odour Units, Olfactometer EN 13725 „ Static, French NF X 43-103 „ Comparison of measured Concentration with Odour thresh

  52. Slide 52: Sniffing Port and gas chromatogram

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Sniffing Port and gas chromatogram 14 June 2005 Oppl 52

  53. Slide 53: Odour

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Odour „ Intensity / Hedonic Tone / Preference „ Subjective factor makes odour testing difficult to reproduce - Calibration of panel (by selection) is essential but only foreseen in EN 13725 „ Rating: 1 to 6 or 1 to 5 for non detectable to unbearable „ Acceptabil

  54. Slide 54: Light in the jungle of different specifications?

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Light in the jungle of different specifications ? „ Ideal situation would be: „ Harmonised testing protocol „ Test specimen, chamber, testing schedule – EN 13419 1-3 / ISO 16000 9-11 „ Analysis – ISO 16000-6, -3 „ Reporting then still may follow national specifi

  55. Slide 55: Not much light in the jungle

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Not much light in the jungle „ Today the testing protocols only partially in line „ Test specimen: e.g. 4 different protocols for adhesives „ How to deal with covered products ? „ Test chamber: Tendency towards 20 litres only outside Europe „ Testing schedule: T

  56. Slide 56: Unnecessary Costs from Variety of Test Protocols

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Unnecessary Costs from Variety of Test Protocols „ Today different tests are needed, although covering the same process (emission) „ Testing labs need to jump between very similar methods day in, day out „ Difficult to have large homogenous testing series in a l

  57. Slide 57: What can be done?

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions What can be done ? „ Bring together the different testing protocols „ Harmonise TVOC and SVOC calculation „ M1 (Finland), CESAT, EMICODE follow EN 13419 / ISO 16000 procedures „ DIBt, GuT, Natureplus follow EN 13419 / ISO 16000 procedures to a large extent „ Exc

  58. Slide 58: What we try to do

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions What we try to do „ Eurofins tries to combine different tests as far as possible (e.g. EMICODE plus M1 plus CESAT) „ This saves a lot of costs for the customer „ Also ASTM and CHPS testing can be integrated into a common test „ JIS testing cannot be integrated b

  59. Slide 59: VOC (Tenax TA)

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions VOC (Tenax TA) Samp- Blue ASTM, AgBB/ Austria ISO ling / Angel M1 CESAT JIS A DIBT UZ Test Testing UZ 38 1901 UZ07 1 day X Only C X* UZ35 3 days X X X X* UZ07 28 days X X X X X JIS UZ42 LCI calcul- X X ? ation 14 June 2005 Oppl 59

  60. Slide 60: Aldehydes (DNPH)

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Aldehydes (DNPH) Samp- Blue ASTM, AgBB/ Austria ISO ling / Angel M1 CESAT JIS A DIBT UZ Test Testing UZ 38 1901 1 day UZ35 X* 3 days X X* 28 days (X) X X X X JIS NH3 others (Odour) Odour 14 June 2005 Oppl 60

  61. Slide 61: Combining tests for different countries saves money

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Combining tests for different countries — saves money compared to ordering each test separately 14 June 2005 Oppl 61

  62. Slide 62: Eurofins can test for

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Eurofins can test for: „ DIBt, Germany „ EMICODE, Europe „ CESAT, France (adhesives and more) „ M1, Finland „ Californian CHPS (*) „ Blue Angel, Germany „ Green Label, Hong Kong (*) (RAL UZ 38, 113, 117) „ Korean Label (in preparation) „ Umweltzeichen, Austria „

  63. Slide 63: Three approaches

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Approach 1: Combine tests for different countries — Approach 2: Simplify testing procedures — Approach 3: Avoid false testing 14 June 2005 Oppl 63

  64. Slide 64: Simplify Testing - I

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Simplify Testing - I „ Skip long-term test (28 days) if requirements are fulfilled at earlier time with good safety margin – and if accepted by certification organisation. Examples: „ GuT 3 days test often fulfils 28 days limits „ Adhesives 10 days EMICODE test:

  65. Slide 65: Emission decay over time

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Emission decay over time Volatile compound as example Example for emission decay 14 June 2005 Oppl 65

  66. Slide 66: Simplify Testing - II

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Simplify Testing - II „ Reduce scope of detailed analyses when experience says that monitoring of sum parameters will give a sufficient control – and if accepted by certification organisation: „ No LCI should be in question when TVOC below X µg/m³ for a given pr

  67. Slide 67: Simplify Testing - III

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Simplify Testing - III „ Emissions process – different ways of translation into a testing method „ Emission Test Chamber = simulation of real room = reference method „ Easier / cheaper testing methods „ Extraction, Headspace, Thermal extraction „ Correlation wit

  68. Slide 68: Applying simplified tests saves money

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Applying simplified tests where accepted — saves money compared to full-scale sophisticated chamber tests 14 June 2005 Oppl 68

  69. Slide 69: Three approaches

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Approach 1: Combine tests for different countries — Approach 2: Simplify testing procedures — Approach 3: Avoid false testing 14 June 2005 Oppl 69

  70. Slide 70: Reliability of chamber tests

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Reliability of chamber tests 14 June 2005 Oppl 70

  71. Slide 71: VOC, SVOC Test Reproducibility

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions VOC, SVOC Test Reproducibility „ Reliability of test results: „ Variation +/- 20 % (RSD) guaranteed within our lab (sometimes even better) „ Low concentration = higher uncertainty (weaker MS signal) 14 June 2005 Oppl 71

  72. Slide 72: TVOC Reproducibility within Eurofins Laboratory

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions TVOC Reproducibility within Eurofins Laboratory: 6 Flooring Samples in 2 Test Chambers each (µg/m³) 1200 1000 800 600 400 200 0 A1 A2 B1 B2 C1 C2 D1 D2 E1 E2 F1 F2 14 June 2005 Oppl 72

  73. Slide 73: VOC, SVOC Test Reproducibility

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions VOC, SVOC Test Reproducibility „ Reliability of test results: „ Variation +/- 20 % (RSD) guaranteed within our lab (sometimes even better) „ Low concentration = higher uncertainty (weaker MS signal) „ Variation +/- 50% between different labs (RSD) „ Minimum : Ma

  74. Slide 74: TVOC 2nd GEV Round Robin Test

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions 1 Adhesive tested by 20 labs TVOC 2nd GEV Round Robin Test TVOC GEV (Results of Participants) 800 TVOC µg/m³ 600 400 200 0 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Participants 1 lab did not report a TVOC 14 June 2005 Oppl 74

  75. Slide 75: Single Substances: 2. GEV Round Robin Test

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Single Substances: 2. GEV Round Robin Test Ethylene glycol: 20 labs testing ONE adhesive 500 14 Labs: 400 12 to 470 µg/m³ µg/m³ 300 6 Labs found 200 NOTHING 100 0 G J ORWT X ME V U L P HQ D S I F Y This was a bad example – some substances showed better results 1

  76. Slide 76: Reproducibility in VOC Round Robin Tests

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Reproducibility in VOC Round Robin Tests „ Minor contribution of „ Sample preparation „ Chamber device „ Analytical device „ Main problem showed to be: „ Correct identification, with consequence for „ Applying correct calibration factor (RRF) „ Calculation of si

  77. Slide 77: VOC, SVOC Test Reproducibility

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions VOC, SVOC Test Reproducibility „ Reliability of test results: „ Variation +/- 20 % (RSD) guaranteed within our lab (sometimes even better) „ Low concentration = higher uncertainty (weaker MS signal) „ Variation +/- 50% between different labs (RSD) „ Minimum : Ma

  78. Slide 78: Testing with high reliability saves money

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Testing with high reliability — saves money compared to uncertain tests even if high quality tests are more expensive 14 June 2005 Oppl 78

  79. Slide 79: Three approaches for more economic emissions testing

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Three approaches for more economic emissions testing: 1: Combine tests for different countries — 2: Simplify testing procedures — 3: Avoid false testing 14 June 2005 Oppl 79

  80. Slide 80: Meeting emissions requirements may give competition advantages

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions Meeting emissions requirements may give competition advantages in world-wide business — Some industries still have to learn how to manufacture low emissions products 14 June 2005 Oppl 80

  81. Slide 81: For more Information

    Indoor Air Quality: Product Emissions For more Information www.eurofins.com/product-testing Email: ProductQualityTesting@eurofins.com 14 June 2005 Oppl 81

Eurofins Scientific — Technical Presentation (June 2005) on 6ix