Note: This document has been translated from the Japanese original for reference purposes only. In the event of any discrepancy between this translated document and the Japanese original, the original shall prevail.
May 8, 2026
Company name: | Hosiden Corporation | |||||
Listing: | Tokyo Stock Exchange | |||||
Securities code: | 6804 | |||||
URL: | https://www.hosiden.com/index.html | |||||
Representative: | Kenji Furuhashi, President and CEO | |||||
Inquiries: | Tadamichi Tani, General Manager of President Office | |||||
Telephone: | +81-72-993-1010 | |||||
Scheduled date of annual general meeting of shareholders: | June 25, 2026 | |||||
Scheduled date to commence dividend payments: | June 26, 2026 | |||||
Scheduled date to file annual securities report: | June 24, 2026 | |||||
Preparation of supplementary material on financial results: | Yes | |||||
Holding of financial results briefing: | Yes (for institutional investors and securities analysts) | |||||
(Yen amounts are rounded down to millions, unless otherwise noted.)
Consolidated financial results for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 (from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026)
Consolidated operating results (Percentages indicate year-on-year changes.)
Net sales
Operating profit
Ordinary profit
Profit attributable to owners of parent
Fiscal year ended
Millions of yen
%
Millions of yen
%
Millions of yen
%
Millions of yen
%
March 31, 2026
448,250
81.1
19,236
41.7
24,644
66.8
16,206
61.5
March 31, 2025
247,571
13.1
13,573
5.0
14,776
(18.6)
10,037
(13.7)
Note: Comprehensive income
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026:
¥
17,418 million [
61.6%]
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025:
¥
10,779 million [
(26.7) %]
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
Rate of return on equity
Ordinary profit to total assets ratio
Operating profit to net sales ratio
Fiscal year ended
Yen
Yen
%
%
%
March 31, 2026
322.65
300.45
11.2
11.9
4.3
March 31, 2025
194.76
181.88
7.3
7.9
5.5
Reference: Share of profit (loss) of entities accounted for using equity method
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026:
¥
- million
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025:
¥
- million
Consolidated financial position
Total assets
Net assets
Equity-to-asset ratio
Net assets per share
As of
Millions of yen
Millions of yen
%
Yen
March 31, 2026
215,281
150,243
69.8
3,051.70
March 31, 2025
200,279
140,317
70.1
2,757.39
Reference: Equity
As of March 31, 2026:
¥
150,243 million
As of March 31, 2025:
¥
140,317 million
(3) Consolidated cash flows
Cash flows from operating activities
Cash flows from investing activities
Cash flows from financing activities
Cash and cash equivalents at end
of period
Fiscal year ended
Millions of yen
Millions of yen
Millions of yen
Millions of yen
March 31, 2026
34,538
(6,376)
(8,636)
66,050
March 31, 2025
(18,228)
(5,931)
(5,312)
46,769
Cash dividends
Annual dividends per share
Total cash dividends (Total)
Payout ratio (Consolidated)
Ratio of dividends to net assets (Consolidated)
First quarter-end
Second quarter-end
Third quarter-end
Fiscal year-end
Total
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
Yen
Millions of yen
%
%
Fiscal year ended
-
19.00
-
40.00
59.00
3,026
30.1
2.2
March 31, 2025
Fiscal year ended
-
25.00
-
73.00
98.00
4,866
30.0
3.3
March 31, 2026
Fiscal year ending March 31, 2027
(Forecast)
-
39.00
-
38.00
77.00
30.3
(Note) Revision of cash dividend forecast most recently announced: Yes
For the year-end dividend for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026, please refer to the "Notice Regarding Dividends of Surplus" published today, on May 8, 2026.
Consolidated financial result forecasts for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027 (from April 1, 2026 to March 31, 2027)
(Percentages indicate year-on-year changes.)
Net sales
Operating profit
Ordinary profit
Profit attributable to owners of parent
Basic earnings per share
Millions of
yen
%
Millions of
yen
%
Millions of
yen
%
Millions of
yen
%
Yen
Six months ending
September 30, 2026
238,000
(3.0)
9,600
18.5
9,100
(5.1)
6,400
4.8
129.99
Full year
436,000
(2.7)
18,000
(6.4)
18,000
(27.0)
12,500
(22.9)
253.90
Financial results forecasts are based on the assumption of a foreign exchange rate of 155 yen per U.S. dollar.
* Notes
(1) Significant changes in the scope of consolidation during the period:
None
Newly included:
-
companies(
)
Excluded:
-
companies(
)
(2) Changes in accounting policies, changes in accounting estimates, and restatement
(i)
Changes in accounting policies due to revisions to accounting standards and other regulations:
None
(ii)
Changes in accounting policies due to other reasons:
None
(iii)
Changes in accounting estimates:
None
(iv)
Restatement:
None
Number of issued shares (common shares)
Total number of issued shares at the end of the period (including treasury shares)
As of March 31, 2026
58,502,584
shares
As of March 31, 2025
60,164,784
shares
(ii)
Number of treasury shares at the end of the period
As of March 31, 2026
9,269,912
shares
As of March 31, 2025
9,277,041
shares
(iii) Average number of shares outstanding during the period
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2026
50,230,325
shares
Fiscal Year ended March 31, 2025
51,534,863
shares
[Reference] Overview of non-consolidated financial results
Non-consolidated financial results for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 (from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026)
Non-consolidated operating results (Percentages indicate year-on-year changes.)
Net sales
Operating profit
Ordinary profit
Profit
Fiscal year ended
Millions of yen
%
Millions of yen
%
Millions of yen
%
Millions of yen
%
March 31, 2026
395,013
113.9
11,980
99.7
16,963
98.3
11,622
73.7
March 31, 2025
184,699
12.8
6,000
(20.6)
8,555
(32.4)
6,689
(12.3)
Basic earnings per share
Diluted earnings per share
Fiscal year ended
Yen
Yen
March 31, 2026
231.38
215.36
March 31, 2025
129.81
121.14
Non-consolidated financial position
Total assets
Net assets
Equity-to-asset ratio
Net assets per share
As of
Millions of yen
Millions of yen
%
Yen
March 31, 2026
166,461
99,913
60.0
2,029.41
March 31, 2025
151,201
94,490
62.5
1,856.83
Reference: Equity
As of March 31, 2026:
¥
99,913 million
As of March 31, 2025:
¥
94,490 million
Notes: 1. Financial results reports are exempt from audit conducted by certified public accountants or an audit corporation.
Explanation on proper use of earnings forecasts, and other special matters
The forward-looking statements about the future financial results of this document are future forecasts based on the judgment of Hosiden Corporation (the "Company") taking into account the information currently available, and the Company does not intend to make a warranty of their achievement. These forward-looking statements contain various potential risks and uncertainties, and actual results may be materially different from the forward-looking statements due to various material factors. Therefore, the Company asks not to depend highly on these forward-looking statements.
(Means of access to supplementary material on financial results and contents of financial results briefing) The materials to be used in the financial result briefing will be available on the Company's website.
Contents of the attachmentIndex
1. Overview of operating results, etc. …………………………………………………………………………………………
2
(1) Overview of operating results during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 …………………………………………
2
(2) Overview of financial position for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 …….………………………………………
3
(3) Overview of cash flows for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026 ……………………………………………………
3
(4) Future outlook …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
4
(5) Basic policy on profit distribution and dividends for the current and next fiscal years…………………………………
5
(6) Business and other risks…………………………………………………………………………………………………
5
2. Management policy …………………………………………………………………………………………………………
7
(1) Basic policy on corporate management …………………………………………………………………………………
7
(2) Medium- to long-term corporate management strategy…………………………………………………………………
7
(3) Issues to be addressed by the Company…………………………………………………………………………………
8
3. Basic approach to the selection of accounting standards ……………………………………………………………………
9
4. Consolidated financial statements and significant notes thereto ……………………………………………………………
10
(1) Consolidated balance sheets .……………………………………………………………………………………………
10
(2) Consolidated statements of income and consolidated statements of comprehensive income.….………………………
12
(3) Consolidated statements of changes in equity……………………………………………………………………………
14
(4) Consolidated statements of cash flows …….……………………………………………………………………………
16
(5) Notes to consolidated financial statements………………………………………………………………………………
17
Notes on going concern assumption .…………………………………………………………………………
17
Significant matters serving as the basis for preparation of consolidated financial statements…………………
17
Notes on additional information………………………………………………………………………………………
18
Segment information, etc. ……………………………………………………………………………………………
19
Per share information….………………………………………………………………………………………………
20
Significant subsequent events .………………………………………………………………………………………
21
5. Others …………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
21
(1) Changes in the representative ……………………………………………………………………………………………
21
(2) Changes in other directors and officers……………………………………………………………………………………
21
-
Overview of operating results, etc.
-
Overview of operating results during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
During the fiscal year ended March 31,2026 (from April 2025 to March 2026), the global economy has become uncertain, particularly in the United States, where rising inflation and increasing uncertainty surrounding trade policies weighed on personal consumption. In Europe, weak demand persisted, especially in the manufacturing sector. In China, economic conditions remained sluggish as the downturn in the real estate market continued, resulting in subdued growth in personal consumption and capital investment.
The Japanese economy maintained a moderate recovery trend supported by improvements in employment and income conditions; however, the outlook became increasingly uncertain due to the dampening effect of rising prices on personal consumption, growing uncertainty over trade policies centered on the United States, and heightened geopolitical risks.
In addition, the prolonged and worsening Russia-Ukraine situation and the deterioration of conditions in the Middle East raised concerns over volatility in energy and raw material prices as well as instability in foreign exchange markets, further increasing uncertainty about the future economic environment.
In the electronics components industry, to which the Group belongs, demand in the automotive-related market remained relatively resilient, supported by trends toward vehicle electrification and higher functionality. However, the slowing growth of the electric vehicle market and sluggish new vehicle sales in certain regions resulted in many automobile manufacturers falling short of their initial sales plans. In the mobile communications-related market, sales followed a recovery trend driven by the return of smartphone replacement demand, but a full recovery had not yet been achieved, with disparities observed by region and product category.
Under these circumstances, the Group achieved increased net sales overall, driven by growth in the amusement-related and automotive-related businesses.
With regard to profits, operating profit increased due to the significant rise in amusement-related sales. In addition, foreign exchange gains amounted to ¥4,182 million in the current fiscal year, compared with ¥45 million recorded in the previous fiscal year, resulting in increases in both ordinary profit and profit attributable to owners of parent.
As a result, during the consolidated fiscal year under review, consolidated net sales amounted to ¥448,250 million (an increase of 81.1% year on year). Operating profit totaled ¥19,236 million (up 41.7% year on year). Ordinary profit reached ¥24,644 million (up 66.8% year on year), including foreign exchange gains of
¥4,182 million resulting from foreign exchange fluctuations. Profit attributable to owners of parent amounted to ¥16,206 million (up 61.5% year on year).
Net sales and segment profit for the reportable segments were as follows.
Net sales for the electro-mechanical components segment increased to ¥414,284 million (up 94.9% year on year) due to growth in the amusement-related and automotive-related businesses, and segment profit rose to
¥16,973 million (up 58.7% year on year).
Net sales for the acoustic components segment decreased to ¥19,431 million (down 7.5% year on year) due to a decline in the automotive-related business, and segment profit fell to ¥1,586 million (down 14.3% year on year).
For the applied equipment and other segment, although sales for the healthcare equipment-related business decreased, sales for the amusement-related business increased. As a result, net sales were 14,535 million yen (up 3.6% year on year), while segment profit amounted to 675 million yen (down 34.1% year on year).
Notes: Due to a partial change in the performance management classifications from the current consolidated fiscal year, the reporting segments of the Company's group now include the previously separate "the display components" under "the applied equipment and other". The Company revised the segment classification of
some product in line with this change. Furthermore, the segment information for the previous consolidated fiscal year has been presented based on the revised classification method.
-
Overview of financial position for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
At the end of the consolidated fiscal year under review, total assets amounted to ¥215,281 million, an increase of ¥15,001 million from the end of the previous consolidated fiscal year. This increase was mainly attributable to an increase in cash and deposits, despite decreases in trade receivables and inventories.
Total liabilities amounted to ¥65,038 million, an increase of ¥5,075 million from the end of the previous consolidated fiscal year. Although short-term borrowings and trade payables decreased, liabilities increased mainly due to an increase in income taxes payable and other factors.
Net assets increased by ¥9,926 million from the end of the previous consolidated fiscal year to ¥150,243 million, primarily reflecting an increase in retained earnings. As a result, the equity-to-asset ratio stood at 69.8%.
-
Overview of cash flows for the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
At the end of the consolidated fiscal year under review, cash and cash equivalents (hereinafter referred to as "cash") increased by ¥19,280 million from the end of the previous consolidated fiscal year (which recorded a decrease of ¥29,892 million at the end of the previous fiscal year), and amounted to ¥66,050 million.
The status of cash flows during the consolidated fiscal year under review and the main factors are as follows:
Cash flows from operating activities
Net cash provided by operating activities amounted to ¥34,538 million (a net cash outflow of ¥18,228 million in the previous consolidated fiscal year). This was mainly attributable to profit before income taxes of ¥22,894 million (¥14,229 million in the previous fiscal year), depreciation of ¥4,808 million (¥3,540 million in the previous fiscal year), a decrease in trade receivables of ¥6,619 million (an increase of
¥10,032 million in the previous fiscal year), a decrease in inventories of ¥4,052 million (an increase of
¥40,172 million in the previous fiscal year), a decrease in trade payables of ¥1,436 million (an increase of
¥20,912 million in the previous fiscal year), and income taxes paid of ¥2,977 million (¥5,617 million in the previous fiscal year).
Cash flows from investing activities
Net cash used in investing activities amounted to ¥6,376 million (net cash used of ¥5,931 million in the previous consolidated fiscal year). This was mainly due to payments into time deposits of ¥16,795 million (¥15,048 million in the previous fiscal year), proceeds from withdrawal of time deposits of ¥14,463 million (¥12,629 million in the previous fiscal year), proceeds from withdrawal of long-term deposits of
¥3,500 million (¥3,000 million in the previous fiscal year), and purchase of property, plant and equipment of ¥7,555 million (¥6,262 million in the previous fiscal year).
Cash flows from financing activities
Net cash used in financing activities amounted to ¥8,636 million (net cash used of ¥5,312 million in the previous consolidated fiscal year). This was mainly attributable to repayments of short-term borrowings of
¥1,050 million (no such payments in the previous fiscal year), purchase of treasury shares of ¥4,201 million (¥3,000 million in the previous fiscal year), and dividends paid of ¥3,307 million (¥3,264 million in the previous fiscal year).
Trend of the cash flow indicators
As of March 31, 2022
As of March 31, 2023
As of March 31, 2024
As of March 31, 2025
As of March 31, 2026
Equity-to-asset ratio (%)
69.7
70.4
77.1
70.1
69.8
Equity-to-asset ratio based on market capitalization (%)
37.1
47.7
57.3
50.5
58.2
Cash flows/interest-bearing debt ratio (years)
-
0.6
0.4
-
0.3
Interest coverage ratio (times)
-
859.4
544.3
-
783.3
(Formula) Equity-to-asset ratio = Equity / Total assets
Equity-to-asset ratio based on market capitalization = Market capitalization / Total assets
Cash flows/interest-bearing debt ratio = Interest-bearing debt / Cash flows from operating activities Interest coverage ratio = Cash flows from operating activities / Interest payment
Notes:
Each indicator is calculated based on consolidated financial values.
Market capitalization is calculated by multiplying closing stock price at the end of the period by total number of issued shares at the end of the period (deducting treasury shares).
Interest-bearing debt represents all of the debt that bears interest of the entire debt recorded in the consolidated balance sheet.
Interest payment represents the interest paid in the consolidated statement of cash flows.
-
Future outlook
With regard to the global economic outlook, there are concerns about a slowdown in overall growth worldwide due to supply shocks arising from logistics disruptions caused by conflicts in the Middle East. As a result of these disruptions, personal consumption in the United States is expected to remain relatively resilient; however, Europe is expected to decelerate because of its high dependence on energy imports and relatively limited fiscal capacity. In China, although policy support continues, economic growth is expected to slow due to the prolonged downturn in the real estate sector and a decline in personal consumption. Japan, which has a high dependence on external demand, is also expected to experience a slowdown as it is affected by deceleration in major global regions. In addition to the Middle East conflict, geopolitical risks stemming from the Russia-Ukraine war continue to pose uncertainty for the future economic environment.
In the electronics components industry, although uncertainty persists due to the U.S. tariff policy, the industry is expected to remain in a growth phase, led primarily by demand from the AI and data center-related and industrial equipment markets. On the other hand, while significant growth in automobile production volumes is not expected for the automotive-related market, demand is anticipated to increase gradually due to further progress in vehicle electrification. In the mobile communications-related market, demand is expected to decline, particularly for low-end smartphones, due to rising chip prices.
With regard to the Company's performance forecasts, demand in the amusement-related business is expected to decline slightly. The automotive-related business is expected to grow as advanced driver-assistance systems (ADAS) and electrification continue to progress. The mobile communications-related business is expected to achieve steady growth based on anticipated increases in customer demand. The Company will continue to implement all possible measures, including expanding market share, mechanization, automation, and cost reductions across each market. The impact of the U.S. tariff policy has been factored in to a certain extent.
Under these circumstances, the Company forecasts the following consolidated financial results for the fiscal year ending March 31, 2027. However, rising prices of semiconductors, other electronic components, and raw materials, shortages of components, logistics disruptions, and a potential reversal toward a stronger yen are expected to exert downward pressure on profitability.
Outlook for consolidated financial results
Net sales 436,000 million yen (down 2.7% year on year)
Operating profit 18,000 million yen (down 6.4% year on year)
Ordinary profit 18,000 million yen (down 27.0% year on year) Profit attributable to owners of parent 12,500 million yen (down 22.9% year on year)
The above outlook for consolidated financial results is based on the assumption of a foreign exchange rate of 155 yen per U.S. dollar.
Notes on forecasts of financial results, etc.
The forward-looking statements regarding future financial results contained in this document are based on the Company's judgments using information currently available and are not intended as guarantees of future performance. These statements involve various potential risks and uncertainties, and actual results may differ materially from the forecasts due to a wide range of factors. Accordingly, readers are advised not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements.
- Basic policy on profit distribution and dividends for the current and next fiscal years
The Company considers the return of profits to shareholders to be one of its key management policies. At the same time, in order to enhance corporate value, it is necessary to conduct research and development activities and invest in production facilities to keep pace with rapid technological innovation. From a longterm perspective, the Company is therefore committed to strengthening its financial position by expanding business earnings and securing internal reserves. With respect to dividends, the Company aims to implement stable and continuous dividend payments under a stable business environment and targets a payout ratio of approximately 30% based on consolidated financial results.
Based on this basic policy on profit distribution, the Company plans to pay a year-end dividend of ¥73 per share for the fiscal year under review. As a result, annual dividends for the fiscal year will amount to ¥98 per share, including an interim dividend of ¥25 per share.
For the next fiscal year, the Company also plans to pay annual dividends of ¥77 per share (an interim dividend of ¥39 per share and a year-end dividend of ¥38 per share), in accordance with its basic policy on profit distribution.
(6)Business and other risksThe Group operates globally with production, sales, and development bases in various countries around the world. The electronic components industry, in which the Group operates, is significantly affected by global economic conditions, experiences rapid technological innovation and market price fluctuations, and faces intense competition among companies in areas such as product development and customer acquisition.
Business risks surrounding the Group include economic conditions in Japan and overseas; the development and market acceptance of the Company's new products and demand trends; concentration on major customer groups; an increasing sales ratio in the amusement-related field and fluctuations in related order trends; declining sales prices; price competition with other companies; rapid changes in electronic device-related technologies; price fluctuations and shortages of semiconductors, other electronic components, and raw materials; logistics disruptions; inventory risks; litigation risks; changes in tax systems in various countries, transfer pricing and other tax-related issues; intellectual property risks; risks related to product quality issues (including product liability and recalls); regulations concerning environmentally controlled substances; funding shortages due to financial tightening; declines in the market value of investment securities held; impairment risks of fixed assets due to declining profitability; foreign exchange fluctuations; changes in tariff policies in Japan and other countries; revisions to laws and regulations; destruction or falsification of critical data and information leakage due to cyberattacks; overseas business risks; labor shortages and rising labor costs at production facilities; war, riots, and terrorist acts; climate change; outbreaks of pandemics such
as COVID-19; direct and indirect damage from large-scale disasters such as fires, earthquakes, tsunamis, wind and flood damage, and nuclear accidents; events adversely affecting the markets in which the Company operates and its supply chains; increased cost burdens resulting from tighter environmental regulations; the impact of stock dilution on share prices; and the risk that the acquisition of personnel may not proceed as planned due to a declining birthrate and aging population. Factors that may affect business performance are not limited to those listed above.
-
Overview of operating results during the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
-
Management policy
The Company and each group company share the following management policy of the Company and aim to enhance corporate value through increasing the Group's management efficiency as a whole.
-
Basic policy on corporate management
The Company has contributed to the development of the electronics market by timely supplying high quality and sought-after products, which are backed by advanced technology and a complete quality management system, to the market at all times as an electronic component manufacturer.
Moving forward, while the electronics market demands technologies and products that are more sophisticated and have greater functionality with the rapid evolution of AI technology and advanced driver-assistance system (ADAS) technology and the spread of the Internet of Everything (IoE: everything is connected to the Internet), the Company will support customers' corporate strategies with its unique advanced technology and contribute to the development of the global electronics markets.
In terms of its environmental activities, the Company promotes earth-friendly activities, and will take measures to reduce the environmental burden, including acquiring ISO 14001 certification, reducing product energy consumption and size, and promoting the reduction and total abolition of environmentally controlled substances for its products. Furthermore, the Company recognizes addressing carbon neutrality as a corporate responsibility, and will proactively make efforts in this area and promote appropriate information disclosure.
-
Medium- to long-term corporate management strategy
The electronics industry, to which the Company belongs, is rapidly changing due to a dizzying pace of technological innovations such as digitalization and networking, and even more promising products and technologies are created one after another there. The smartphone, tablet device and Internet-related devices are expected to witness the progress of high-speed communications and advanced features with an eye to 6G, and will develop and grow further while being combined with conventional consumer electronics/AV and gaming markets, and are expected to come into wider use rapidly. In the automotive-related business, CASE and ADAS are entering a period of diffusion and expansion, and thus the circle (type and quantity) of electronic components and devices used is expanding as onboard electronic devices become more sophisticated. In addition, the growth of markets for medical/health/cosmetics-related devices and electronic devices for nursing care and frailty countermeasures due to the increase in the number of elderly people and the expansion of markets related to IoE for improving productivity, mainly in industrial devices, are also fully expected, and thus the Company believes that the outlook is bright for the electronic component industry as a whole.
Amid such trends, the Company will make efforts to ensure and expand net sales and profits on a consolidated basis and enhance corporate value by offering extensive product lineups, technological capabilities that cater to diverse customer needs, fine-tuned services centered on customer satisfaction, etc. as an electronic component manufacturer.
On the technology front, the Company is continuing to take action to achieve the Company's medium-term (three-year) technology plan, which aims to strengthen the technology and research and development systems of the Company and group companies. The Company is reviewing past technologies and reconstructing the strengths of its own products (devices), which is yielding results such as increased development speed and efficiency. The Company will seek to strongly develop its unique technological products that cater to market needs, including new module products and sensor units for IoE. Specifically, the Company will achieve this by advancing its core technologies including electro-mechanical design technology, high-frequency design technology, acoustic design technology, optical design technology, circuit design technology, metal mold design technology, simulation technology, analytical technology, software development, EMC measure design technology, sensor development, and application technology.
IoE products, in particular, are becoming more widely used as factory DX tools, and needs are increasing for these devices, which are indispensable for solving social issues such as the aging population with a low birthrate, labor shortage, and soaring labor costs. In addition, the Company is planning to launch a line of products that will help protect lifelines and transportation infrastructure, thereby contributing to society from the standpoint of a comprehensive electronic component manufacturer.
In terms of production, the Company will proceed with automation and labor-saving, including the utilization of industrial robots, with swiftly and will work to reduce costs and stabilize quality.
ESG management and contributions to the SDGs are global trends that companies and society are striving to achieve, and the Company will also continue to work toward these goals proactively.
- Issues to be addressed by the Company
-
Basic policy on corporate management
The Group will consider strengthening and establishing new production bases, mainly in ASEAN countries. The Group will also further enhance overall management efficiency and accelerate decision-making, and strongly promote mechanization, automation, and labor-saving to further enhance productivity, quality, and cost competitiveness, in order to enhance financial results and strengthen its earning base.
In addition, the Company will enhance and bolster compliance system, corporate social responsibility (CSR) system, internal control system, information security management system, risk management system, etc. toward the enhancement of corporate value. To this end, the Company has established the Sustainability Supervisory Committee, and will promote concrete initiatives and make efforts for appropriate information disclosure.
In terms of quality, the Group has acquired ISO 9001 certification in all its production bases. Especially in its production bases for the automotive-related business, the Group acquired IATF 16949 certification and will make efforts to enhance and stabilize its quality.
As for environmental initiatives, the Group will, as a whole, promote the following: acquiring ISO 14001 certification at all its production bases; earth-friendly product design and production activities; environmentally controlled substance measures through green procurement, the RoHS Directive, the REACH regulations, etc.; and the initiatives to reduce the environmental burden including resource conservation/power-saving activities, reduction in waste and recycling. Accordingly, the Group will pay attention to the environment across all of its business activities and continue to improve its environmental management system proactively.
Furthermore, toward the achievement of carbon neutrality, the Company will promote concrete initiatives and make efforts for appropriate information disclosure.
Regarding the action to implement management that is conscious of cost of capital and stock price, the Company considers the difference between ROE and cost of equity as equity spread and recognizes it as creation of corporate value. In general, companies are expected to achieve ROE of around 8%, whereas the Company has achieved an ROE exceeding 8%. However, the Company's PBR did not achieve 1 even though its ROE exceeded the expected level. This is believed to be due to insufficient efforts in reducing cost of equity. Based on this recognition, the Company disclosed the Notice on Initiatives for Achieving PBR of 1 and declared to strengthen and enhance IR to promote dialogue with investors in addition to shareholder return measures. Subsequently, the Company has been discussing the issue and has taken measures listed below in addition to the initiative.
-Disclosure of supplementary materials to the financial results reports on the Company's website at the time of financial results announcements
-Making available the contents explained at the financial result briefings for securities analysts, message from the president, and summary of questions and answers on the Company's website
-Disclosure of the Medium-Term Management Plan in the Integrated Report
-Building relationship of trust with shareholders and investors through proactive implementation of management improvement measures based on ideas gained from constructive dialogue with them
-Disclosure of annual securities reports (partial) in English
The Company will continue to strive further to strengthen its IR activities.
3.Basic approach to the selection of accounting standardsThe Group has its policy to apply Japanese accounting standards for the time being taking into account the comparability of consolidated financial statements among companies. With respect to the application of IFRS, the Group has its policy to take appropriate actions taking into account the circumstances both in Japan and overseas.
-
Consolidated financial statements and significant notes thereto
-
Consolidated balance sheets
(Millions of yen)
As of March 31, 2025
As of March 31, 2026
Assets
Current assets
Cash and deposits
59,564
77,685
Notes receivable - trade
3
-
Accounts receivable - trade
31,918
25,813
Electronically recorded monetary claims -
operating
1,220
1,022
Securities
-
697
Merchandise and finished goods
8,220
7,676
Work in process
3,207
4,478
Raw materials and supplies
61,897
57,628
Trade accounts receivable
1,170
1,759
Other
4,496
4,878
Allowance for doubtful accounts
(182)
(176)
Total current assets
171,516
181,466
Non-current assets
Property, plant and equipment
Buildings and structures
22,510
23,006
Accumulated depreciation and impairment
(15,663)
(16,857)
Buildings and structures, net
6,847
6,149
Machinery, equipment and vehicles
27,614
30,895
Accumulated depreciation and impairment
(22,600)
(23,760)
Machinery, equipment and vehicles, net
5,013
7,135
Land
3,019
3,027
Construction in progress
874
2,130
Other
31,340
27,575
Accumulated depreciation and impairment
(27,492)
(24,501)
Other, net
3,847
3,073
Total property, plant and equipment
19,602
21,516
Intangible assets
508
699
Investments and other assets
Investment securities
7,228
8,079
Retirement benefit asset
-
2,148
Deferred tax assets
626
662
Other
1,052
975
Allowance for doubtful accounts
(254)
(267)
Total investments and other assets
8,652
11,599
Total non-current assets
28,763
33,815
Total assets
200,279
215,281
(Millions of yen)
As of March 31, 2025
As of March 31, 2026
Liabilities
Current liabilities
Accounts payable - trade
34,092
33,338
Electronically recorded obligations - operating
1,546
1,252
Short-term borrowings
1,050
-
Income taxes payable
2,127
6,322
Provision for bonuses for directors (and other officers)
151
168
Provision for loss on liquidation of subsidiaries and associates
-
766
Other
6,269
7,076
Total current liabilities
45,236
48,924
Non-current liabilities
Bonds with share acquisition rights
10,190
10,161
Deferred tax liabilities
2,397
3,042
Retirement benefit liability
1,497
2,278
Other
640
630
Total non-current liabilities
14,725
16,133
Total liabilities
59,962
65,038
Net assets
Shareholders' equity
Share capital
13,660
13,660
Capital surplus
19,596
19,596
Retained earnings
112,257
122,641
Treasury shares
(12,393)
(14,063)
Total shareholders' equity
133,120
141,835
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Valuation difference on available-for-sale securities
3,464
4,758
Foreign currency translation adjustment
2,922
2,560
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans
809
1,089
Total accumulated other comprehensive income
7,196
8,408
Total net assets
140,317
150,243
Total liabilities and net assets
200,279
215,281
- Consolidated statements of income and consolidated statements of comprehensive income
Consolidated Statement of Comprehensive Income(Millions of yen)
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
Net sales
247,571
448,250
Cost of sales
224,422
419,082
Gross profit
23,148
29,168
Selling, general and administrative expenses
9,575
9,932
Operating profit
13,573
19,236
Non-operating income
Interest income
968
970
Dividend income
164
193
Foreign exchange gains
45
4,182
Other
131
118
Total non-operating income
1,309
5,465
Non-operating expenses
Interest expenses
34
45
Bond issuance costs
64
-
Other
8
11
Total non-operating expenses
107
57
Ordinary profit
14,776
24,644
Extraordinary income
Gain on sale of non-current assets
14
9
Gain on sale of golf club membership
4
-
Gain on liquidation of subsidiaries
-
5
Total extraordinary income
18
15
Extraordinary losses
Loss on sale and retirement of non-current assets
8
29
Loss on valuation of investment securities
123
103
Impairment losses
432
907
Provision for loss on liquidation of subsidiaries and associates
-
723
Other
0
-
Total extraordinary losses
565
1,764
Profit before income taxes
14,229
22,894
Income taxes - current
3,876
6,949
Income taxes - deferred
315
(261)
Total income taxes
4,192
6,687
Profit
10,037
16,206
Profit attributable to non-controlling interests
-
-
Profit attributable to owners of parent
10,037
16,206
(Millions of yen)
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
Profit
10,037
16,206
Other comprehensive income
Valuation difference on available-for-sale securities
(35)
1,293
Foreign currency translation adjustment
650
(361)
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans, net of tax
128
279
Total other comprehensive income
742
1,211
Comprehensive income
10,779
17,418
Comprehensive income attributable to
Comprehensive income attributable to owners of
parent
10,779
17,418
Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests
-
-
Consolidated Statement of Changes in Equity
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025
(Millions of yen)
Shareholders' equity
Share capital
Capital surplus
Retained earnings
Treasury shares
Total shareholders' equity
Balance at beginning of period
13,660
19,596
106,744
(11,584)
128,417
Changes during period
Dividends of surplus
(3,264)
(3,264)
Profit attributable to
owners of parent
10,037
10,037
Purchase of
treasury shares
(3,000)
(3,000)
Disposal of treasury shares
404
528
932
Cancellation of treasury shares
(404)
(1,259)
1,663
-
Net changes in items other than shareholders' equity
Total changes during period
-
-
5,512
(808)
4,703
Balance at end of period
13,660
19,596
112,257
(12,393)
133,120
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total net assets
Valuation difference on available-for-sale securities
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans
Total accumulated other
comprehensive income
Balance at beginning
of period
3,500
2,272
680
6,453
134,870
Changes during
period
Dividends of surplus
(3,264)
Profit attributable to owners of parent
10,037
Purchase of treasury shares
(3,000)
Disposal of treasury shares
932
Cancellation of
treasury shares
-
Net changes in
items other than shareholders' equity
(35)
650
128
742
742
Total changes
during period
(35)
650
128
742
5,446
Balance at end of
period
3,464
2,922
809
7,196
140,317
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
(Millions of yen)
Shareholders' equity
Share capital
Capital surplus
Retained earnings
Treasury shares
Total shareholders' equity
Balance at beginning of period
13,660
19,596
112,257
(12,393)
133,120
Changes during period
Dividends of surplus
(3,307)
(3,307)
Profit attributable to
owners of parent
16,206
16,206
Purchase of
treasury shares
(4,201)
(4,201)
Disposal of treasury shares
6
10
17
Cancellation of treasury shares
(6)
(2,514)
2,521
-
Net changes in items other than shareholders' equity
Total changes during period
-
-
10,384
(1,669)
8,714
Balance at end of period
13,660
19,596
122,641
(14,063)
141,835
Accumulated other comprehensive income
Total net assets
Valuation difference on available-for-sale securities
Foreign currency translation adjustment
Remeasurements of defined benefit plans
Total accumulated other
comprehensive income
Balance at beginning
of period
3,464
2,922
809
7,196
140,317
Changes during
period
Dividends of surplus
(3,307)
Profit attributable to owners of parent
16,206
Purchase of treasury shares
(4,201)
Disposal of treasury shares
17
Cancellation of
treasury shares
-
Net changes in
items other than shareholders' equity
1,293
(361)
279
1,211
1,211
Total changes
during period
1,293
(361)
279
1,211
9,926
Balance at end of
period
4,758
2,560
1,089
8,408
150,243
-
Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows
(Millions of yen)
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2025
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2026
Cash flows from operating activities
Profit before income taxes
14,229
22,894
Depreciation
3,540
4,808
Impairment losses
432
907
Increase (decrease) in allowance for doubtful accounts
140
(38)
Increase (decrease) in retirement benefit liability
(627)
1,150
Interest and dividend income
(1,132)
(1,164)
Interest expenses
34
45
Loss (gain) on sale and retirement of non-current assets
(5)
20
Loss (gain) on valuation of investment securities
123
103
Loss (gain) on liquidation of subsidiaries
-
(5)
Increase (decrease) in provision for loss on liquidation of subsidiaries and associates
-
723
Decrease (increase) in trade receivables
(10,032)
6,619
Decrease (increase) in inventories
(40,172)
4,052
Decrease (increase) in operating accounts receivable
17
(566)
Decrease (increase) in other assets
(1,667)
(473)
Increase (decrease) in trade payables
20,912
(1,436)
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities
91
673
Other, net
451
(1,905)
Subtotal
(13,665)
36,452
Interest and dividends received
1,086
1,107
Interest paid
(31)
(44)
Income taxes paid
(5,617)
(2,977)
Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities
(18,228)
34,538
Cash flows from investing activities
Payments into time deposits
(15,048)
(16,795)
Proceeds from withdrawal of time deposits
12,629
14,463
Income from refund of long-term deposits
3,000
3,500
Purchase of property, plant and equipment
(6,262)
(7,555)
Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment
78
29
Purchase of investment securities
(149)
-
Proceeds from redemption of investment securities
-
300
Purchase of intangible assets
(255)
(354)
Other, net
75
35
Net cash provided by (used in) investing activities
(5,931)
(6,376)
Cash flows from financing activities
Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings
-
(1,050)
Redumption of bonds with share acquisition rights
(9,085)
-
Proceeds from issuance of bonds with share
acquisition rights
10,135
-
Purchase of treasury shares
(3,000)
(4,201)
Dividends paid
(3,264)
(3,307)
Other, net
(97)
(76)
Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities
(5,312)
(8,636)
Effect of exchange rate change on cash and cash
equivalents
(420)
(244)
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
(29,892)
19,280
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
76,662
46,769
Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
46,769
66,050
-
Notes to consolidated financial statements Notes on going concern assumption
None applicable.
Significant matters serving as the basis for preparation of consolidated financial statementsMatters regarding scope of consolidation
The Company has all of its subsidiaries consolidated, and the number of consolidated subsidiaries is 21.
Domestic consolidated subsidiaries
Hosiden Seiko Corporation, Hosiden Kyushu Corporation, Hosiden F.D. Corporation, Hosiden Wakayama Corporation, Hosiden Plastics Corporation, and Hosiden Service Corporation
Overseas consolidated subsidiaries
Korea Hosiden Electronics Co., Ltd., Hong Kong Hosiden Ltd., Hosiden America Corp., Hosiden Singapore Pte. Ltd., Hosiden Electronics (Malaysia) Sdn. Bhd, Hosiden Besson Ltd., Hosiden Europe GmbH, Qingdao Hosiden Electronics Co., Ltd., Hosiden Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Hosiden (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Hosiden Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd., Hosiden (Thailand) Co., Ltd., Hosiden Vietnam (Bac Giang) Co., Ltd., China Hosiden Co., Ltd., and Hosiden India Pte. Ltd.
Matters regarding fiscal year of consolidated subsidiaries
Of consolidated subsidiaries, the closing date of the following six overseas consolidated subsidiaries is December 31: Qingdao Hosiden Electronics Co., Ltd., Hosiden Electronics (Shanghai) Co., Ltd., Hosiden (Shenzhen) Co., Ltd., Hosiden Technology (Qingdao) Co., Ltd., Hosiden Vietnam (Bac Giang) Co., Ltd., and China Hosiden Co., Ltd. In preparing consolidated financial statements for the fiscal year under review, the Company uses the financial statements as of December 31, but made necessary consolidation adjustments for significant transactions that occurred thereafter until the consolidated closing date.
Matters regarding accounting policies
Valuation standards and methods for significant assets Securities
Available-for-sale securities Non-marketable securities other than stocks, etc.
. Market value method (Valuation difference is recognized directly into net assets in full, and the cost of
securities sold is calculated based on the moving average method.) Non-marketable securities, stocks, etc.
. Moving average cost method
Derivatives
. Market value method
Inventories
. The Company and domestic consolidated subsidiaries mainly use the periodic average method (values
on the balance sheet are subject to the carrying amount reduction method based on decreased profitability). Meanwhile, overseas consolidated subsidiaries use the lower of cost or market method (using the first-in, first-out Hosiden Corporation (6804) Consolidated Financial Results for the Fiscal Year Ended March 31, 2024 method) for merchandise, and mainly the periodic average or weighted average method for finished goods, work in process, raw materials and supplies.
Depreciation and amortization method for significant depreciable assets Property, plant and equipment
. The Company and domestic consolidated subsidiaries use the diminishing balance method. However,
the straight-line method is used for buildings (excluding facilities attached to buildings) acquired on or after April 1, 1998, and for facilities attached to buildings and also structures acquired on or after April 1, 2016. Overseas consolidated subsidiaries mainly use the straight-line method.
The useful lives of principal assets are as follows.
Buildings and structures: 31-50 years Machinery, equipment and vehicles: 5-9 years
Intangible assets
. Straight-line method. Software for internal use is amortized by the straight-line method based on the
internal usable period (five years).
Standards for recognizing significant provisions Allowance for doubtful accounts
. To prepare for bad debt expenses, the estimated uncollectable amounts regarding normal receivables
are recognized using the loan loss ratio, and the estimated uncollectable amounts regarding certain receivables, such as doubtful receivables, are recognized by separately examining their collectability.
Provision for bonuses for directors (and other officers)
. To prepare for bonus payments to directors and other officers, the relevant provision is recognized
based on the estimated payment amount.
Accounting method for retirement benefits
Period attribution method for the expected retirement benefits
. For calculating retirement benefit obligations, the benefit formula standards are used regarding the
method of attributing the expected retirement benefits to the periods until the fiscal year under review. Expensing method for actuarial gains and losses and past service costs
. Past service costs are amortized by the straight-line method over a period within the average
remaining service years for employees at the time of recognition (mainly five years).
. Actuarial gains and losses are amortized by the straight-line method over a period within the average
remaining service years for employees at the time of recognition (mainly five years), and allocated proportionately from the fiscal year following the respective fiscal year of recognition.
Accounting method for unrecognized actuarial gains and losses and unrecognized past service costs
. Unrecognized actuarial gains and losses and unrecognized past service costs are recognized at the
remeasurements of defined benefit plans item of accumulated other comprehensive income in net assets after adjusting tax effects.
Standards for recognition of significant revenues and expenses
The Group's principal business is developing, manufacturing, and selling electronic components. Sales transactions to customers are based on the terms and conditions determined by agreement with the customer, and revenue is recognized when the performance obligation is satisfied by the transfer of control of the product to the customer. For product sales, the Company determines that the performance obligation is satisfied when the customer obtains control over the product at the time of delivery. However, for domestic product sales, the Company recognizes revenue at the time of shipment to the domestic delivery location designated by the customer.
Scope of net cash in the consolidated statement of cash flows
The scope of net cash (cash and cash equivalents) in the consolidated statement of cash flows includes cash on hand, deposits drawable at any time, and short-term investments that are readily convertible to cash, are exposed to insignificant risks of changes in value and are redeemable within three months.
Accounting treatment for non-deductible consumption taxes on assets
Non-deductible consumption taxes and local consumption taxes on assets are treated as expenses for the fiscal year under review.
Notes on additional informationThe Company decided its consolidated subsidiary, China Hosiden Co., Ltd. to sell all shares to Dongguan Fuxiang Marketing Planning Co., Ltd., and a share transfer agreement was concluded on December 31,2025. Furthermore, China Hosiden Co., Ltd, will cease production on March 28, 2026, and is proceeding with procedures for equity transfer. Date of the sale of equity shares is planned in May 31,2026, and selling price is 25 million RMB and the profit and loss is currently being calculated. In connection with this matter, during the fiscal year ending March 31, 2026 (from April 2025 to March 2026), the scheduled payments related to the reorganization, such as economic compensation to employees, have been recorded as extraordinary losses under "Provision for loss on liquidation of subsidiaries and associates" of 699 million
yen.
Segment information, etc. Segment informationOverview of reportable segments
The Company's reportable segments are components of the Company for which separate financial information is available and which the Board of Directors regularly reviews to make decisions regarding the allocation of management resources and evaluate operating performance.
The Company develops, manufactures and sells electronic components as its main business, and sets three reportable segments taking into account the product types and similarities of their businesses: electro-mechanical components, acoustic components, and applied equipment and other.
The electro-mechanical components segment primarily includes connectors, jacks and switches. The acoustic components segment primarily includes microphones, headphones, headsets, speakers and receivers. The applied equipment and other segment represents the applied devices that do not belong to the above segments.
Calculation of net sales, profit or loss, assets and other items by reportable segment
Accounting methods for the reportable business segments are generally consistent with those described in the section "Significant matters serving as the basis for preparation of consolidated financial statements."
Reportable segment profit is based on operating profit. Inter-segment sales and transfers are based on the actual transaction volume.
Net sales, profit or loss, assets and other items by reportable segment Previous fiscal year (from April 1, 2024 to March 31, 2025)
(Millions of yen)
Reportable segments
Adjustments or company-wide
(Note 1)
Amounts in consolidated financial
statements (Note 2)
Electro-mechanical
components
Acoustic components
Applied equipment
and other
Total
Net sales
Sales to unaffiliated customers
212,542
20,997
14,031
247,571
-
247,571
Inter-segment sales and transfers
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total
212,542
20,997
14,031
247,571
-
247,571
Segment profit
10,696
1,851
1,025
13,573
-
13,573
Segment assets
113,592
13,589
4,771
131,954
68,324
200,279
Other items
Depreciation
2,740
509
290
3,540
-
3,540
Increase in property, plant and
equipment and intangible assets
5,261
732
439
6,434
299
6,733
Notes: 1. The adjustments are as follows:
The company-wide assets of 68,324 million yen for segment assets include cash and deposits, securities, investment securities and deferred tax assets, etc.
Of the increase in property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, 299 million yen is company-wide assets that are not allocated to each reportable segment.
The total amount of segment profit is equal to the operating profit in the consolidated statements of income.
Current fiscal year (from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026)
(Millions of yen)
Reportable segments
Adjustments or company-
wide (Note 1)
Amounts in consolidated financial
statements (Note 2)
Electro-mechanical components
Acoustic components
Applied equipment and other
Total
Net sales
Sales to unaffiliated customers
414,284
19,431
14,535
448,250
-
448,250
Inter-segment sales and transfers
-
-
-
-
-
-
Total
414,284
19,431
14,535
448,250
-
448,250
Segment profit
16,973
1,586
675
19,236
-
19,236
Segment assets
109,234
12,415
5,657
127,357
87,924
215,281
Other items
Depreciation
3,813
625
370
4,808
-
4,808
Increase in property, plant and
equipment and intangible assets
6,232
708
479
7,420
446
7,866
Notes: 1. The adjustments are as follows:
The company-wide assets of 87,924 million yen for segment assets include cash and deposits, securities, investment securities and deferred tax assets, etc.
Of the increase in property, plant and equipment and intangible assets, 446 million yen is company-wide assets that are not allocated to each reportable segment.
The total amount of segment profits equal to the operating profit in the consolidated statements of income.
Changes in reporting segments
Due to a partial change in the performance management classifications of the Company's group, starting from this consolidated fiscal year, the reporting segments of the Company's group now include the previously separate "the display components" under "the applied equipment and other". The Company revised the segment classification of some product in line with this change. Furthermore, the segment information for the previous consolidated fiscal year has been presented based on the revised classification method.
Per share information(Yen)
Previous fiscal year (From April 1, 2024
to March 31, 2025)
Current fiscal year (From April 1, 2025
to March 31, 2026)
Net assets per share
2,757.39
3,051.70
Basic earnings per share
194.76
322.65
Diluted earnings per share
181.88
300.45
Note: The basis for calculation is as follows.
Basic earnings per share and diluted earnings per share
Previous fiscal year (From April 1, 2024
to March 31, 2025)
Current fiscal year (From April 1, 2025
to March 31, 2026)
(1) Basic earnings per share
Profit attributable to owners of parent (Millions of yen)
10,037
16,206
Amount not attributable to common shareholders (Millions of yen)
-
-
Profit attributable to owners of parent relating to common shares (Millions of yen)
10,037
16,206
Average number of common shares outstanding during the period (Thousands of shares)
51,534
50,230
(2) Diluted earnings per share
Adjustment to profit attributable to owners of parent (Millions of yen)
(12)
(19)
(Of which, amortization amount of bonds discount and expenses (after deducting the tax-equivalent amount))* (Millions of yen)
[(12)]
[(19)]
Increase in common shares (Thousands of shares)
3,581
3,646
Overview of potential shares that were not included in the calculation of diluted earnings due to lack of a dilutive effect
-
-
Note: This represents the amortization amount (after deducting the tax-equivalent amount) relating to the difference occurred due to the issuance of bonds at the value higher than the face value.
Net assets per share
Significant subsequent eventsPrevious fiscal year-end (March 31, 2025)
Current fiscal year-end (March 31, 2026)
Total net assets (Millions of yen)
140,317
150,243
Amount to be deducted from total net assets (Millions of yen)
-
-
Year-end net assets relating to common shares (Millions of yen)
140,317
150,243
Number of year-end common shares used for the calculation of net assets per share (Thousands of shares)
50,887
49,232
None applicable
-
Consolidated balance sheets
- Others
Changes in the representative None applicable.
Changes in other directors and officers None applicable.
